User Involvement in Interaction Design in the Context of Distributed Software Development: An interview study
Resumo
User involvement is a key element in designing and developing interactive systems. Increasingly, software projects are being conducted with geographically distributed teams. In these projects, interaction design becomes challenging as its traditional practices start to be carried out collaboratively with geographically dispersed participants. Despite this, little is known about user involvement in interaction design in distributed software development (DSD) context. In this paper, we present the results of an interview study conducted to understand how interaction design has been implemented in DSD projects. For this, semi-structured interviews were carried out with professionals with experience in DSD. The data were analyzed based on the thematic analysis method. The results of this study provide some characteristics related to user participation in DSD, such as the level of geographic dispersion and the role of users. This study also addresses the difficulties and practices in DSD projects when involving users in the design process. We conclude, therefore, that users have participated in interaction design activities in DSD projects, but the involvement of geographically distributed users is a challenge. This paper contributes to the knowledge of interaction design at the frontier of research between Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) and DSD by identifying the main characteristics, gaps, and practices related to user involvement in DSD projects.
Palavras-chave:
User involvement, distributed software development, geographically distributed team, interaction design, empirical study
Referências
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J. D. Herbsleb. 2007. Global Software Engineering: The Future of Socio-technical Coordination. In 2007 Future of Software Engineering(FOSE ’07). IEEE Computer Society, Washington, DC, USA.
Jan Hess, David Randall, Volkmar Pipek, and Volker Wulf. 2013. Involving Users in the wild-Participatory Product Development in and with Online Communities. Int. J. Hum.-Comput. Stud. 71, 5 (May 2013).
N. Iivari. 2011. Participatory Design in OSS Development: Interpretive Case Studies in Company and Community OSS Development Contexts. Behav. Inf. Technol. 30, 3 (May 2011).
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M. Jiménez and M. Piattini. 2008. Problems and solutions in distributed software development: a systematic review. In International Conference on Software Engineering Approaches for Offshore and Outsourced Development. Springer.
M. Jiménez, M. Piattini, and A. Vizcaíno. 2009. Challenges and improvements in distributed software development: A systematic review. Advances in Software Engineering 2009 (2009).
Finn Kensing and Jeanette Blomberg. 1998. Participatory design: Issues and concerns. Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW) 7, 3-4 (1998), 167–185.
Nigel King. 2004. Using Interviews in Qualitative Research. In Essential guide to qualitative methods in organizational research, Catherine Cassell and Gillian Symon (Eds.). Sage, London.
C. A. J. Lazarin and L. D. A. Almeida. 2016. Distributed Participatory Design Web-based Groupware: Gathering Requirements Through BrainDraw. In Proceedings of the 15th Brazilian Symposium on Human Factors in Computer Systems (São Paulo, Brazil) (IHC ’16). ACM, New York, USA.
Jonas Lowgren. 2013. Interaction Design - brief intro In The Encyclopedia of Human-Computer Interaction. The Interaction Design Foundation.
S. Luz and M. Masoodian. 2014. Involving Geographically Distributed Users in the Design of an Interactive System. In Proceedings of the Fifteenth Australasian User Interface Conference (Auckland, New Zealand) (AUIC ’14). Australian Computer Society, Inc., Darlinghurst, Australia, Australia.
Amanda Meincke Melo and M Cecília C Baranauskas. 2006. Design para a inclusão: desafios e proposta (Design for inclusion: challenges and proposal). In Proceedings of VII Brazilian symposium on Human factors in computing systems. ACM.
Michael J Muller, Jean Hallewell Haslwanter, and Tom Dayton. 1997. Participatory practices in the software lifecycle. Handbook of human-computer interaction 2 (1997), 255–297.
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Javier Portillo-Rodríguez, Aurora Vizcaíno, Mario Piattini, and Sarah Beecham. 2012. Tools used in Global Software Engineering: A systematic mapping review. Information and Software Technology 54, 7 (2012), 663–685.
J. Preece, H. Sharp, and Y. Rogers. 2015. Interaction design: beyond human-computer interaction (4 ed.). Wiley.
Rafael Prikladnicki and Jorge Luis Nicolas Audy. 2010. Process models in the practice of distributed software development: A systematic review of the literature. Information and Software Technology 52, 8 (2010).
N. P. Radtke, M. A. Janssen, and J. S. Collofello. 2009. What makes Free/Libre Open Source Software (FLOSS) projects successful? An agent-based model of FLOSS projects. International Journal of Open Source Software and Processes (IJOSSP) 1, 2 (2009).
Y. Rogers, H. Sharp, and J. Preece. 2013. Design de Interação: Além da Interação Humano-Computador. Bookman.
F. L. Siqueira. 2005. O desenvolvimento distribuído de software: características e recomendações para a gerência de projetos (Distributed software development: characteristics and recommendations for project management). Ph.D. Dissertation. Escola Politécnica da Universidade de São Paulo.
Darja Šmite, Claes Wohlin, Zane Galviņa, and Rafael Prikladnicki. 2014. An empirically based terminology and taxonomy for global software engineering. Empirical Software Engineering 19, 1 (2014), 105–153.
Darja Šmite, Claes Wohlin, Tony Gorschek, and Robert Feldt. 2010. Empirical evidence in global software engineering: a systematic review. Empirical software engineering 15, 1 (2010), 91–118. DOI: 10.1007/s10664-009-9123-y
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June M Verner, O Pearl Brereton, Barbara A Kitchenham, Mahmood Turner, and Mahmood Niazi. 2014. Risks and risk mitigation in global software development: A tertiary study. Information and Software Technology 56, 1 (2014), 54–78.
Teo Yu Siang. 2020. What is Interaction Design?Retrieved November 22, 2020 from [link].
Daniel Domingos Alves and Ecivaldo de Souza Matos. 2019. A Survey on Interaction Design in Distributed Software Development(IHC ’19). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, Article 7, 12 pages. DOI: 10.1145/3357155.3358485
Daniel Domingos Alves, Ecivaldo de Souza Matos, and Christina von Flach G. Chavez. 2022. Interaction design in distributed software development: A systematic mapping study. Behaviour & Information Technology (BIT) (Under Review) (2022).
D. D. Alves and E. S. Matos. 2017. Interaction Design in Free/Libre/Open Source Software Development: A Systematic Mapping. In Proceedings of the XVI Brazilian Symposium on Human Factors in Computing Systems (Joinville, Brazil) (IHC 2017). ACM, New York, NY, USA.
Hayward P Andres. 2002. A comparison of face-to-face and virtual software development teams. Team Performance Management: An International Journal 8, 1/2 (2002), 39–48. DOI: 10.1108/13527590210425077
J. L. N. Audy and R. Prikladnicki. 2008. Desenvolvimento distribuído de software (Distributed Software Development. Elsevier.
P. M. Bach and M. Twidale. 2010. Involving Reflective Users in Design. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (Atlanta, Georgia, USA) (CHI ’10). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 2037–2040.
Maria Cecília Calani Baranauskas, Maria Cecília Martins, and José Armando Valente. 2013. Codesign de Redes Digitais: tecnologia e educação a serviço da inclusão social (Co-design of Digital Networks: Technology and education at the service of social inclusion). Penso.
S. D. J. Barbosa and B. S. S. Silva. 2010. Interação Humano-Computador (Human-Computer Interaction). Elsevier.
Flore Barcellini, Françoise Détienne, and Jean-Marie Burkhardt. 2009. Participation in online interaction spaces: Design-use mediation in an Open Source Software community. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics 39, 3 (2009). Selected papers from ECCE 2007, the 25th Anniversary Conference of the European Conference on Cognitive Ergonomics.
Meurig Beynon and Zhan En Chan. 2006. A conception of computing technology better suited to distributed participatory design. In NordiCHI Workshop on Distributed Participatory Design.
Thomas Binder, Jonas Löwgren, and Lone Malmborg. 2009. Introduction–(Re-) Programming Interaction Design. In (Re) Searching The Digital Bauhaus. Springer, 1–12.
Johan Kaj Blomkvist, Johan Persson, and Johan Aberg. 2015. Communication Through Boundary Objects in Distributed Agile Teams. In Proceedings of the 33rd Annual ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (Seoul, Republic of Korea) (CHI ’15). ACM, New York, NY, USA.
Virginia Braun and Victoria Clarke. 2006. Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative research in psychology 3, 2 (2006), 77–101.
E. Carmel. 1999. Global Software Teams: Collaborating Across Borders and Time Zones. Prentice Hall PTR, Upper Saddle River, NJ, USA.
E. Carmel and R. Agarwal. 2001. Tactical approaches for alleviating distance in global software development. IEEE Software 18, 2 (Mar 2001).
Catarina Costa, Camila Cunha, Rodrigo Rocha, A. César C. França, Fabio Q. B. da Silva, and Rafael Prikladnicki. 2010. Models and Tools for Managing Distributed Software Development: A Systematic Literature Review. In Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Evaluation and Assessment in Software Engineering (UK) (EASE’10). BCS Learning & Development Ltd., Swindon, UK.
K. Crowston, K. Wei, J. Howison, and A. Wiggins. 2008. Free/Libre Open-source Software Development: What We Know and What We Do Not Know. ACM Comput. Surv. 44, 2 (March 2008).
Fabio Q. B. da Silva, Catarina Costa, A. Cesar C. Franca, and Rafael Prikladinicki. 2010. Challenges and Solutions in Distributed Software Development Project Management: A Systematic Literature Review. In Proceedings of the 2010 5th IEEE International Conference on Global Software Engineering(ICGSE ’10). IEEE Computer Society, Washington, DC, USA.
K Danielsson and Ulrika Danielsson. 2005. Distributed Participatory Design: a case study. (2005).
Karin Danielsson, Amir M Naghsh, and A. Dearden. 2006. Distributed Participatory Design. In Workshop at the 4th Nordic Conference on Human-Computer Interaction.
A. Dix. 2009. Human-computer interaction. In Encyclopedia of database systems. Springer.
C. Ebert, M. Kuhrmann, and R. Prikladnicki. 2016. Global Software Engineering: Evolution and Trends. In 2016 IEEE 11th International Conference on Global Software Engineering (ICGSE). 144–153. DOI: 10.1109/ICGSE.2016.19
Thaís Ebling, J. L. N. Audy, and R. Prikladnicki. 2009. A Systematic Literature Review of Requirements Engineering in Distributed Software Development Environments.. In ICEIS (3).
Interaction Design Foundation. 2020. Interaction Design - What is Interaction Design?Retrieved November 22, 2020 from [link].
Interaction Design Foundation. 2021. Interaction Design - What is Interaction Design?Retrieved April 25, 2021 from [link].
Dorina C Gumm. 2006. Distributed participatory design: An inherent paradoxon. Proc. of IRIS29 (2006).
Dorina C Gumm, Monique Janneck, and Matthias Finck. 2006. Distributed participatory design–a case study. In Proceedings of the DPD Workshop at NordiCHI, Vol. 2.
Dorina C Gumm, Monique Janneck, and Matthias Finck. 2006. Distributed participatory design–a case study. In Proceedings of the DPD Workshop at NordiCHI, Vol. 2.
J. D. Herbsleb. 2007. Global Software Engineering: The Future of Socio-technical Coordination. In 2007 Future of Software Engineering(FOSE ’07). IEEE Computer Society, Washington, DC, USA.
Jan Hess, David Randall, Volkmar Pipek, and Volker Wulf. 2013. Involving Users in the wild-Participatory Product Development in and with Online Communities. Int. J. Hum.-Comput. Stud. 71, 5 (May 2013).
N. Iivari. 2011. Participatory Design in OSS Development: Interpretive Case Studies in Company and Community OSS Development Contexts. Behav. Inf. Technol. 30, 3 (May 2011).
Interaction Design Association IxDA. 2017. About & History - Interaction design definition. Retrieved February 02, 2017 from [link].
M. Jiménez and M. Piattini. 2008. Problems and solutions in distributed software development: a systematic review. In International Conference on Software Engineering Approaches for Offshore and Outsourced Development. Springer.
M. Jiménez, M. Piattini, and A. Vizcaíno. 2009. Challenges and improvements in distributed software development: A systematic review. Advances in Software Engineering 2009 (2009).
Finn Kensing and Jeanette Blomberg. 1998. Participatory design: Issues and concerns. Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW) 7, 3-4 (1998), 167–185.
Nigel King. 2004. Using Interviews in Qualitative Research. In Essential guide to qualitative methods in organizational research, Catherine Cassell and Gillian Symon (Eds.). Sage, London.
C. A. J. Lazarin and L. D. A. Almeida. 2016. Distributed Participatory Design Web-based Groupware: Gathering Requirements Through BrainDraw. In Proceedings of the 15th Brazilian Symposium on Human Factors in Computer Systems (São Paulo, Brazil) (IHC ’16). ACM, New York, USA.
Jonas Lowgren. 2013. Interaction Design - brief intro In The Encyclopedia of Human-Computer Interaction. The Interaction Design Foundation.
S. Luz and M. Masoodian. 2014. Involving Geographically Distributed Users in the Design of an Interactive System. In Proceedings of the Fifteenth Australasian User Interface Conference (Auckland, New Zealand) (AUIC ’14). Australian Computer Society, Inc., Darlinghurst, Australia, Australia.
Amanda Meincke Melo and M Cecília C Baranauskas. 2006. Design para a inclusão: desafios e proposta (Design for inclusion: challenges and proposal). In Proceedings of VII Brazilian symposium on Human factors in computing systems. ACM.
Michael J Muller, Jean Hallewell Haslwanter, and Tom Dayton. 1997. Participatory practices in the software lifecycle. Handbook of human-computer interaction 2 (1997), 255–297.
One, Version. 2020. 14th Annual State of Agile Report. Technical Report. VersionOne Inc.Retrieved November 23, 2020 from [link].
Javier Portillo-Rodríguez, Aurora Vizcaíno, Mario Piattini, and Sarah Beecham. 2012. Tools used in Global Software Engineering: A systematic mapping review. Information and Software Technology 54, 7 (2012), 663–685.
J. Preece, H. Sharp, and Y. Rogers. 2015. Interaction design: beyond human-computer interaction (4 ed.). Wiley.
Rafael Prikladnicki and Jorge Luis Nicolas Audy. 2010. Process models in the practice of distributed software development: A systematic review of the literature. Information and Software Technology 52, 8 (2010).
N. P. Radtke, M. A. Janssen, and J. S. Collofello. 2009. What makes Free/Libre Open Source Software (FLOSS) projects successful? An agent-based model of FLOSS projects. International Journal of Open Source Software and Processes (IJOSSP) 1, 2 (2009).
Y. Rogers, H. Sharp, and J. Preece. 2013. Design de Interação: Além da Interação Humano-Computador. Bookman.
F. L. Siqueira. 2005. O desenvolvimento distribuído de software: características e recomendações para a gerência de projetos (Distributed software development: characteristics and recommendations for project management). Ph.D. Dissertation. Escola Politécnica da Universidade de São Paulo.
Darja Šmite, Claes Wohlin, Zane Galviņa, and Rafael Prikladnicki. 2014. An empirically based terminology and taxonomy for global software engineering. Empirical Software Engineering 19, 1 (2014), 105–153.
Darja Šmite, Claes Wohlin, Tony Gorschek, and Robert Feldt. 2010. Empirical evidence in global software engineering: a systematic review. Empirical software engineering 15, 1 (2010), 91–118. DOI: 10.1007/s10664-009-9123-y
C Spinizzi. 2005. The Methodology of Participatory Design. Technical Communication. (2005).
June M Verner, O Pearl Brereton, Barbara A Kitchenham, Mahmood Turner, and Mahmood Niazi. 2014. Risks and risk mitigation in global software development: A tertiary study. Information and Software Technology 56, 1 (2014), 54–78.
Teo Yu Siang. 2020. What is Interaction Design?Retrieved November 22, 2020 from [link].
Publicado
16/10/2023
Como Citar
ALVES, Daniel Domingos; MATOS, Ecivaldo de Souza.
User Involvement in Interaction Design in the Context of Distributed Software Development: An interview study. In: SIMPÓSIO BRASILEIRO SOBRE FATORES HUMANOS EM SISTEMAS COMPUTACIONAIS (IHC), 22. , 2023, Maceió/AL.
Anais [...].
Porto Alegre: Sociedade Brasileira de Computação,
2023
.
