Empowering Elderly People for Disinformation Education in the Digital Age - An Activity Linked to University Extension
Resumo
The following paper describes the results regarding an extension course carried out with elderly people in a public university, about fake news and disinformation. The proliferation of misinformation and fake news in digital platforms and media represents a growing societal challenge, especially for the elderly, who may be more susceptible to the spread and manipulation of fake news. In this experience report, we describe the implementation of a course for this audience, which focuses on developing skills to identify and verify online information, combat misinformation, and strengthen the digital autonomy of this demographic. Thirty-four elderly people were present and pointed out positive satisfaction with the course.
Palavras-chave:
Fake News, Elderly, ADA Tool, Education, Human-Computer Interaction
Referências
CHC Advocacia. 2023. Fake news e suas reais consequências jurídicas. Retrieved Jun 04, 2024 from [link]
Nahdatul Akma Ahmad, Muhammad Fairuz Abd Rauf, Najmi Najiha Mohd Zaid, Azaliza Zainal, Tengku Shahrom Tengku Shahdan, and Fariza Hanis Abdul Razak. 2022. Effectiveness of instructional strategies designed for older adults in learning digital technologies: a systematic literature review. SN computer science 3, 2 (2022),130. DOI: 10.1007/s42979-022-01016-0
Hunt Allcott, Matthew Gentzkow, and Chuan Yu. 2019. Trends in the diffusion of misinformation on social media. Research & Politics 6, 2 (2019), 2053168019848554.[3] Hunt Allcott, Matthew Gentzkow, and Chuan Yu. 2019. Trends in the diffusion of misinformation on social media. Research & Politics 6, 2 (2019), 2053168019848554.
Oberiri Destiny Apuke and Bahiyah Omar. 2021. Fake news and COVID-19: modelling the predictors of fake news sharing among social media users. Telematics and Informatics 56 (2021), 101475. DOI: 10.1016/j.tele.2020.10147
Silmara Carneiro Araújo. 2022. Implicações sociais e jurídicas das fake news. Retrieved Jun 04, 2024 from [link]
João Pedro Baptista and Anabela Gradim. 2020. Understanding Fake News Consumption: A Review. Social Sciences 9, 10 (2020). Social Sciences 9, 10 (2020). DOI: 10.3390/socsci9100185
David Bawden and Lyn Robinson. 2020. Information Overload: An Introduction. DOI: 10.1093/acrefore/9780190228637.013.1360
Raissa Casé Soares Bezerra and Stella Villela Florêncio. 2023. Civil Responsibility and Fake News. Revista Gênero e Interdisciplinaridade 4, 01 (2023), 429–457. DOI: 10.51249/gei.v4i01.1227
Nadia M. Brashier. 2024. Fighting misinformation among the most vulnerable users. Current Opinion in Psychology 57 (2024), 101813. DOI: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2024.101813
Nadia M. Brashier, Emmaline Drew Eliseev, and Elizabeth J. Marsh. 2020. An initial accuracy focus prevents illusory truth. Cognition 194 (2020), 104054. DOI: 10.1016/j.cognition.2019.104054
Nadia M. Brashier and Daniel L. Schacter. 2020. Aging in an Era of Fake News. Current Directions in Psychological Science 29, 3 (2020), 316–323. DOI: 10.1177/0963721420915872
John Brooke et al. 1996. SUS-A quick and dirty usability scale. Usability evaluation in industry 189, 194 (1996), 4–7.
Faster Capital. 2024. Noticias falsas criacao ou divulgacao de noticias ou informacoes falsas ou enganosas sobre seu produto ou servico ou sobre seus concorrentes. Retrieved May 20, 2024 from [link]
Eileen Cartter. 2023. The Pope Francis Puffer Photo Was Real in Our Hearts. Retrieved May 31, 2024. from [link]
Cetic.br. 2023. Microdados TIC Domicílios 2023 Domicílios. Technical Report. NIC.br.
John W Creswell and Cheryl N Poth. 2016. Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches. Sage publications.
Caroline Barbosa de Oliveira Lira and Kamila Rios da Hora Rodrigues. 2023. Adaferramenta para detecção automática de notícias falsas. In Simpósio Brasileiro de Fatores Humanos em Sistemas Computacionais (IHC). SBC, 160–164. DOI: 10.5753/ihc_estendido.2023.233805
Qian Dong, Ting Liu, Ran Liu, Hongxia Yang, and Cuiping Liu. 2023. Effectiveness of Digital Health Literacy Interventions in Older Adults: SingleArm Meta-Analysis. J Med Internet Res 25 (28 Jun 2023), e48166. DOI: 10.2196/48166
Sophie J. Nightingale e K. Wade e Derrick G. Watson. 2022. Investigando diferenças relacionadas à idade na capacidade de distinguir entre imagens originais e manipuladas. Psicologia e envelhecimento (2022). DOI: 10.1037/pag0000682
D. Lazer e M. Baum e Y. Benkler e Adam J. Berinsky e Kelly M. Greenhill e F. Menczer e Miriam J. Metzger e B. Nyhan e Gordon Pennycook e David M. Rothschild e M. Schudson e S. Sloman e C. Sunstein e Emily A. Thorson e D. Watts e Jonathan Zittrain. 2018. A ciência das notícias falsas. Science 359 (2018), 1094 – 1096. . A ciência das notícias falsas. Science 359 (2018), 1094 – 1096. DOI: 10.1126/science.aao2998
James H. Fetzer. 2004. Disinformation: The Use of False Information. Minds Mach. 14, 2 (may 2004), 231–240.231–240. DOI: 10.1023/B:MIND.0000021683.28604.5b
Teri Finneman and Ryan J. Thomas. 2018. A family of falsehoods: Deception, media hoaxes and fake news. Newspaper Research Journal 39, 3 (2018), 350–361. DOI: 10.1177/0739532918796228
Karina de Lima Flauzino, Maria da Graça Campos Pimentel, Samila Sathler Tavares Batistoni, Isabela Zaine, Lilian Ourém Batista Vieira, Kamila Rios da Hora Rodrigues, and Meire Cachioni. 2020. Letramento Digital para Idosos: percepções sobre o ensino-aprendizagem. Educação & Realidade 45 (2020), e104913.
Sheera Frenkel and Steven Lee Myers. 2023. Antisemitic and Anti-Muslim Hate Speech Surges Across the Internet. Retrieved May 27, 2024 from [link]
Cláudia Pereira Galhardi, Neyson Pinheiro Freire, Maria Clara Marques Fagundes, Maria Cecília de Souza Minayo, and Isabel Cristina Kowal Olm Cunha. 2022. Fake news e hesitação vacinal no contexto da pandemia da COVID-19 no Brasil. Ciência Saúde Coletiva 27, 5 (May 2022), 1849–1858. DOI: 10.1590/141381232022275.24092021
Lumen Gentium. 1967. Constituição dogmática sobre a Igreja. São Paulo: Paulinas (1967).
Scott Giacomucci. 2021. Social work, sociometry, and psychodrama: Experiential approaches for group therapists, community leaders, and social workers. Springer Nature. DOI: 10.1007/978-981-33-6342-7
Andrew Guess, Jonathan Nagler, and Joshua Tucker. 2019. Less than you think: Prevalence and predictors of fake news dissemination on Facebook. Science advances 5, 1 (2019), 8. DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aau4586
Lee Hadlington, Lydia J Harkin, Daria Kuss, Kristina Newman, and Francesca C Ryding. 2023. Perceptions of fake news, misinformation, and disinformation amid the COVID-19 pandemic: A qualitative exploration. Psychology of Popular Media 12, 1 (2023), 40 DOI: 10.1037/ppm0000387
Kalley Huang. 2023. Why Pope Francis Is the Star of A.I.-Generated Photos. Retrieved May 31, 2024 from [link]
Skyler B Johnson, Matthew Parsons, Tanya Dorff, Meena S Moran, John H Ward, Stacey A Cohen, Wallace Akerley, Jessica Bauman, Joleen Hubbard, Daniel E Spratt, Carma L Bylund, Briony Swire-Thompson, Tracy Onega, Laura D Scherer, Jonathan Tward, and Angela Fagerlin. 2021. Cancer Misinformation and Harmful Information on Facebook and Other Social Media: A Brief Report. JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute 114, 7 (07 2021), 1036–1039. DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djab141
Dong-Ho Lee, Yu-Ri Kim, Hyeong-Jun Kim, Seung-Myun Park, and Yu-Jun Yang. 2019. Fake news detection using deep learning. Journal of Information Processing Systems 15, 5 (2019), 1119–1130.
Jon Levine. 2023. Donald Trump says he will be arrested Tuesday. Retrieved May 27, 2024 from [link]
David H. Lindstrom. 1969. The Examiner, Volume I (1710-1711): Introduction and Notes. The Pennsylvania State University. 432 pages.
Bruno Luce and Lizandra Brasil Estabel. 2020. Desinformação na terceira idade: como o público idoso se relaciona com as fake news dentro das redes sociais. Pesquisa Brasileira em Ciência da Informação e Biblioteconomia, João Pessoa 15, 2 (2020), 16–026.
Benjamin Lyons. 2023. Older Americans are more vulnerable to prior exposure effects in news evaluation. Harvard Kennedy School Misinformation Review (07 2023), 24. DOI: 10.37016/mr-2020-118
Atami S. De Main, Bo Xie, Kristina Shiroma, Tom Yeh, Nathan Davis, and Xu Han. 2022. Assessing the Effects of eHealth Tutorials on Older Adults’ eHealth Literacy. Journal of Applied Gerontology 41, 7 (2022), 1675–1685. DOI: 10.1177/07334648221088281
Iára Pereira Matos de Menezes and Suely Emilia de Barros Santos. 2013. Papel de diretor de sociodrama: competências e limitações. Revista Brasileira de Psicodrama 21 (00 2013), 173 – 182. [link]
Linda Monsees. 2023. Information disorder, fake news and the future of democracy. Globalizations 20, 1 (2023), 153–168. DOI: 10.1080/14747731.2021.1927470 arXiv: DOI: 10.1080/14747731.2021.1927470
Elena Musi, Kay O’Halloran, Elinor Carmi, and Simeon Yates. 2023. Developing Misinformation Immunity in a Post-Truth World: Human Computer Interaction for Data Literacy. 245–271. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-42064-1_11
Eryn J. Newman and Norbert Schwarz. 2024. Misinformed by images: How images influence perceptions of truth and what can be done about it. Current Opinion in Psychology 56 (2024), 101778. DOI: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2023.101778
Matt Novak. 2023. Viral Images Of Donald Trump Getting Arrested Are Totally Fake (For Now). Forbes [link] (2023).
Gary Olson and Judith Olson. 2003. Human-Computer Interaction: Psychological Aspects of the Human Use of Computing. Annual review of psychology 54 (02 2003), 491–516. DOI: 10.1146/annurev.psych.54.101601.145044
Michael Quinn Patton. 2014. Qualitative research & evaluation methods: Integrating theory and practice. Sage publications.
David C. Howe Andrew T. Soderberg Rahul S. Chauhan, Shane Connelly and Marisa Crisostomo. 2022. The danger of “fake news”: how using social media for information dissemination can inhibit the ethical decision making process. Ethics & Behavior 32, 4 (2022), 287–306. DOI: 10.1080/10508422.2021.1890598
Yasmim Mendes Rocha, Gabriel Acácio de Moura, Gabriel Alves Desidério, Carlos Henrique de Oliveira, Francisco Dantas Lourenço, and Larissa Deadame de Figueiredo Nicolete. 2021. The impact of fake news on social media and its influence on health during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review. Journal of Public Health (2021), 1–10.
Jon Roozenbeek and Sander van der Linden. 2019. The fake news game: actively inoculating against the risk of misinformation. Journal of Risk Research 22, 5 (2019), DOI: doi.org/10.1080/13669877.2018.1443491
Eyal Shahar and Doron J Shahar. 2010. Causal diagrams, information bias, and thought bias. Pragmatic and Observational Research 1 (2010), 33–47. DOI: 10.2147/POR.S13335 arXiv: [link]
Michal Švarn `y and Vít Šisler. 2019. Towards an Operational Definition of Procedural Rhetoric. In Games and Learning Alliance: 8th International Conference, GALA 2019, Athens, Greece, November 27–29, 2019, Proceedings 8. Springer, 148–157.
Shalini Talwar, Amandeep Dhir, Dilraj Singh, Gurnam Singh Virk, and Jari Salo. 2020. Sharing of fake news on social media: Application of the honeycomb framework and the third-person effect hypothesis. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services 57 (2020), 102197. DOI: 10.1016/j.jretconser.2020. 102197
Marousis Theofilos. 2023. Disinformation: more than fake news. Moldoscopie (2023). DOI: 10.52388/1812-2566.2022.2(97).14
Doru Tompea. 2022. Fake News – Tool in the Information War in Ukraine. Revista Etică s, i deontologie (2022). DOI: 10.52744/red.2022.01.011.
TSE. 2024. Justiça Eleitoral responsabilizará autores de notícias falsas com ou sem uso de IA nas eleições, diz presidente do TSE. Retrieved Jun 04, 2024 from [link]
James Vincent. 2023. The swagged-out pope is an AI fake — and an early glimpse of a new reality. Retrieved May 31, 2024 from [link]
Svitlana Volkova and Jin Yea Jang. 2018. Misleading or Falsification: Inferring Deceptive Strategies and Types in Online News and Social Media (WWW ’18). International World Wide Web Conferences Steering Committee, Republic and Canton of Geneva, CHE, 575–583. DOI: 10.1145/3184558.3188728
Barry Wellman and Caroline Haythornthwaite. 2002. The Internet in everyday life. Contemporary Sociology 32 (2002), 728. [link]
Erfei Zhao. 2019. Does the News Media Foster A Hostile Environment for Older Adults: A Content Analysis of News Articles. Innovation in Aging 3 (11 2019), S956–S957. DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igz038.3470
Nahdatul Akma Ahmad, Muhammad Fairuz Abd Rauf, Najmi Najiha Mohd Zaid, Azaliza Zainal, Tengku Shahrom Tengku Shahdan, and Fariza Hanis Abdul Razak. 2022. Effectiveness of instructional strategies designed for older adults in learning digital technologies: a systematic literature review. SN computer science 3, 2 (2022),130. DOI: 10.1007/s42979-022-01016-0
Hunt Allcott, Matthew Gentzkow, and Chuan Yu. 2019. Trends in the diffusion of misinformation on social media. Research & Politics 6, 2 (2019), 2053168019848554.[3] Hunt Allcott, Matthew Gentzkow, and Chuan Yu. 2019. Trends in the diffusion of misinformation on social media. Research & Politics 6, 2 (2019), 2053168019848554.
Oberiri Destiny Apuke and Bahiyah Omar. 2021. Fake news and COVID-19: modelling the predictors of fake news sharing among social media users. Telematics and Informatics 56 (2021), 101475. DOI: 10.1016/j.tele.2020.10147
Silmara Carneiro Araújo. 2022. Implicações sociais e jurídicas das fake news. Retrieved Jun 04, 2024 from [link]
João Pedro Baptista and Anabela Gradim. 2020. Understanding Fake News Consumption: A Review. Social Sciences 9, 10 (2020). Social Sciences 9, 10 (2020). DOI: 10.3390/socsci9100185
David Bawden and Lyn Robinson. 2020. Information Overload: An Introduction. DOI: 10.1093/acrefore/9780190228637.013.1360
Raissa Casé Soares Bezerra and Stella Villela Florêncio. 2023. Civil Responsibility and Fake News. Revista Gênero e Interdisciplinaridade 4, 01 (2023), 429–457. DOI: 10.51249/gei.v4i01.1227
Nadia M. Brashier. 2024. Fighting misinformation among the most vulnerable users. Current Opinion in Psychology 57 (2024), 101813. DOI: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2024.101813
Nadia M. Brashier, Emmaline Drew Eliseev, and Elizabeth J. Marsh. 2020. An initial accuracy focus prevents illusory truth. Cognition 194 (2020), 104054. DOI: 10.1016/j.cognition.2019.104054
Nadia M. Brashier and Daniel L. Schacter. 2020. Aging in an Era of Fake News. Current Directions in Psychological Science 29, 3 (2020), 316–323. DOI: 10.1177/0963721420915872
John Brooke et al. 1996. SUS-A quick and dirty usability scale. Usability evaluation in industry 189, 194 (1996), 4–7.
Faster Capital. 2024. Noticias falsas criacao ou divulgacao de noticias ou informacoes falsas ou enganosas sobre seu produto ou servico ou sobre seus concorrentes. Retrieved May 20, 2024 from [link]
Eileen Cartter. 2023. The Pope Francis Puffer Photo Was Real in Our Hearts. Retrieved May 31, 2024. from [link]
Cetic.br. 2023. Microdados TIC Domicílios 2023 Domicílios. Technical Report. NIC.br.
John W Creswell and Cheryl N Poth. 2016. Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches. Sage publications.
Caroline Barbosa de Oliveira Lira and Kamila Rios da Hora Rodrigues. 2023. Adaferramenta para detecção automática de notícias falsas. In Simpósio Brasileiro de Fatores Humanos em Sistemas Computacionais (IHC). SBC, 160–164. DOI: 10.5753/ihc_estendido.2023.233805
Qian Dong, Ting Liu, Ran Liu, Hongxia Yang, and Cuiping Liu. 2023. Effectiveness of Digital Health Literacy Interventions in Older Adults: SingleArm Meta-Analysis. J Med Internet Res 25 (28 Jun 2023), e48166. DOI: 10.2196/48166
Sophie J. Nightingale e K. Wade e Derrick G. Watson. 2022. Investigando diferenças relacionadas à idade na capacidade de distinguir entre imagens originais e manipuladas. Psicologia e envelhecimento (2022). DOI: 10.1037/pag0000682
D. Lazer e M. Baum e Y. Benkler e Adam J. Berinsky e Kelly M. Greenhill e F. Menczer e Miriam J. Metzger e B. Nyhan e Gordon Pennycook e David M. Rothschild e M. Schudson e S. Sloman e C. Sunstein e Emily A. Thorson e D. Watts e Jonathan Zittrain. 2018. A ciência das notícias falsas. Science 359 (2018), 1094 – 1096. . A ciência das notícias falsas. Science 359 (2018), 1094 – 1096. DOI: 10.1126/science.aao2998
James H. Fetzer. 2004. Disinformation: The Use of False Information. Minds Mach. 14, 2 (may 2004), 231–240.231–240. DOI: 10.1023/B:MIND.0000021683.28604.5b
Teri Finneman and Ryan J. Thomas. 2018. A family of falsehoods: Deception, media hoaxes and fake news. Newspaper Research Journal 39, 3 (2018), 350–361. DOI: 10.1177/0739532918796228
Karina de Lima Flauzino, Maria da Graça Campos Pimentel, Samila Sathler Tavares Batistoni, Isabela Zaine, Lilian Ourém Batista Vieira, Kamila Rios da Hora Rodrigues, and Meire Cachioni. 2020. Letramento Digital para Idosos: percepções sobre o ensino-aprendizagem. Educação & Realidade 45 (2020), e104913.
Sheera Frenkel and Steven Lee Myers. 2023. Antisemitic and Anti-Muslim Hate Speech Surges Across the Internet. Retrieved May 27, 2024 from [link]
Cláudia Pereira Galhardi, Neyson Pinheiro Freire, Maria Clara Marques Fagundes, Maria Cecília de Souza Minayo, and Isabel Cristina Kowal Olm Cunha. 2022. Fake news e hesitação vacinal no contexto da pandemia da COVID-19 no Brasil. Ciência Saúde Coletiva 27, 5 (May 2022), 1849–1858. DOI: 10.1590/141381232022275.24092021
Lumen Gentium. 1967. Constituição dogmática sobre a Igreja. São Paulo: Paulinas (1967).
Scott Giacomucci. 2021. Social work, sociometry, and psychodrama: Experiential approaches for group therapists, community leaders, and social workers. Springer Nature. DOI: 10.1007/978-981-33-6342-7
Andrew Guess, Jonathan Nagler, and Joshua Tucker. 2019. Less than you think: Prevalence and predictors of fake news dissemination on Facebook. Science advances 5, 1 (2019), 8. DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aau4586
Lee Hadlington, Lydia J Harkin, Daria Kuss, Kristina Newman, and Francesca C Ryding. 2023. Perceptions of fake news, misinformation, and disinformation amid the COVID-19 pandemic: A qualitative exploration. Psychology of Popular Media 12, 1 (2023), 40 DOI: 10.1037/ppm0000387
Kalley Huang. 2023. Why Pope Francis Is the Star of A.I.-Generated Photos. Retrieved May 31, 2024 from [link]
Skyler B Johnson, Matthew Parsons, Tanya Dorff, Meena S Moran, John H Ward, Stacey A Cohen, Wallace Akerley, Jessica Bauman, Joleen Hubbard, Daniel E Spratt, Carma L Bylund, Briony Swire-Thompson, Tracy Onega, Laura D Scherer, Jonathan Tward, and Angela Fagerlin. 2021. Cancer Misinformation and Harmful Information on Facebook and Other Social Media: A Brief Report. JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute 114, 7 (07 2021), 1036–1039. DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djab141
Dong-Ho Lee, Yu-Ri Kim, Hyeong-Jun Kim, Seung-Myun Park, and Yu-Jun Yang. 2019. Fake news detection using deep learning. Journal of Information Processing Systems 15, 5 (2019), 1119–1130.
Jon Levine. 2023. Donald Trump says he will be arrested Tuesday. Retrieved May 27, 2024 from [link]
David H. Lindstrom. 1969. The Examiner, Volume I (1710-1711): Introduction and Notes. The Pennsylvania State University. 432 pages.
Bruno Luce and Lizandra Brasil Estabel. 2020. Desinformação na terceira idade: como o público idoso se relaciona com as fake news dentro das redes sociais. Pesquisa Brasileira em Ciência da Informação e Biblioteconomia, João Pessoa 15, 2 (2020), 16–026.
Benjamin Lyons. 2023. Older Americans are more vulnerable to prior exposure effects in news evaluation. Harvard Kennedy School Misinformation Review (07 2023), 24. DOI: 10.37016/mr-2020-118
Atami S. De Main, Bo Xie, Kristina Shiroma, Tom Yeh, Nathan Davis, and Xu Han. 2022. Assessing the Effects of eHealth Tutorials on Older Adults’ eHealth Literacy. Journal of Applied Gerontology 41, 7 (2022), 1675–1685. DOI: 10.1177/07334648221088281
Iára Pereira Matos de Menezes and Suely Emilia de Barros Santos. 2013. Papel de diretor de sociodrama: competências e limitações. Revista Brasileira de Psicodrama 21 (00 2013), 173 – 182. [link]
Linda Monsees. 2023. Information disorder, fake news and the future of democracy. Globalizations 20, 1 (2023), 153–168. DOI: 10.1080/14747731.2021.1927470 arXiv: DOI: 10.1080/14747731.2021.1927470
Elena Musi, Kay O’Halloran, Elinor Carmi, and Simeon Yates. 2023. Developing Misinformation Immunity in a Post-Truth World: Human Computer Interaction for Data Literacy. 245–271. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-42064-1_11
Eryn J. Newman and Norbert Schwarz. 2024. Misinformed by images: How images influence perceptions of truth and what can be done about it. Current Opinion in Psychology 56 (2024), 101778. DOI: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2023.101778
Matt Novak. 2023. Viral Images Of Donald Trump Getting Arrested Are Totally Fake (For Now). Forbes [link] (2023).
Gary Olson and Judith Olson. 2003. Human-Computer Interaction: Psychological Aspects of the Human Use of Computing. Annual review of psychology 54 (02 2003), 491–516. DOI: 10.1146/annurev.psych.54.101601.145044
Michael Quinn Patton. 2014. Qualitative research & evaluation methods: Integrating theory and practice. Sage publications.
David C. Howe Andrew T. Soderberg Rahul S. Chauhan, Shane Connelly and Marisa Crisostomo. 2022. The danger of “fake news”: how using social media for information dissemination can inhibit the ethical decision making process. Ethics & Behavior 32, 4 (2022), 287–306. DOI: 10.1080/10508422.2021.1890598
Yasmim Mendes Rocha, Gabriel Acácio de Moura, Gabriel Alves Desidério, Carlos Henrique de Oliveira, Francisco Dantas Lourenço, and Larissa Deadame de Figueiredo Nicolete. 2021. The impact of fake news on social media and its influence on health during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review. Journal of Public Health (2021), 1–10.
Jon Roozenbeek and Sander van der Linden. 2019. The fake news game: actively inoculating against the risk of misinformation. Journal of Risk Research 22, 5 (2019), DOI: doi.org/10.1080/13669877.2018.1443491
Eyal Shahar and Doron J Shahar. 2010. Causal diagrams, information bias, and thought bias. Pragmatic and Observational Research 1 (2010), 33–47. DOI: 10.2147/POR.S13335 arXiv: [link]
Michal Švarn `y and Vít Šisler. 2019. Towards an Operational Definition of Procedural Rhetoric. In Games and Learning Alliance: 8th International Conference, GALA 2019, Athens, Greece, November 27–29, 2019, Proceedings 8. Springer, 148–157.
Shalini Talwar, Amandeep Dhir, Dilraj Singh, Gurnam Singh Virk, and Jari Salo. 2020. Sharing of fake news on social media: Application of the honeycomb framework and the third-person effect hypothesis. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services 57 (2020), 102197. DOI: 10.1016/j.jretconser.2020. 102197
Marousis Theofilos. 2023. Disinformation: more than fake news. Moldoscopie (2023). DOI: 10.52388/1812-2566.2022.2(97).14
Doru Tompea. 2022. Fake News – Tool in the Information War in Ukraine. Revista Etică s, i deontologie (2022). DOI: 10.52744/red.2022.01.011.
TSE. 2024. Justiça Eleitoral responsabilizará autores de notícias falsas com ou sem uso de IA nas eleições, diz presidente do TSE. Retrieved Jun 04, 2024 from [link]
James Vincent. 2023. The swagged-out pope is an AI fake — and an early glimpse of a new reality. Retrieved May 31, 2024 from [link]
Svitlana Volkova and Jin Yea Jang. 2018. Misleading or Falsification: Inferring Deceptive Strategies and Types in Online News and Social Media (WWW ’18). International World Wide Web Conferences Steering Committee, Republic and Canton of Geneva, CHE, 575–583. DOI: 10.1145/3184558.3188728
Barry Wellman and Caroline Haythornthwaite. 2002. The Internet in everyday life. Contemporary Sociology 32 (2002), 728. [link]
Erfei Zhao. 2019. Does the News Media Foster A Hostile Environment for Older Adults: A Content Analysis of News Articles. Innovation in Aging 3 (11 2019), S956–S957. DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igz038.3470
Publicado
07/11/2024
Como Citar
LIRA, Caroline Barbosa de Oliveira; SANTOS, Suzane Santos dos; GALVÃO, Vinicius Ferreira; RODRIGUES, Kamila Rios da Hora.
Empowering Elderly People for Disinformation Education in the Digital Age - An Activity Linked to University Extension. In: SIMPÓSIO BRASILEIRO SOBRE FATORES HUMANOS EM SISTEMAS COMPUTACIONAIS (IHC), 23. , 2024, Brasília/DF.
Anais [...].
Porto Alegre: Sociedade Brasileira de Computação,
2024
.
p. 56-67.
