RAWVec – A Method for Watermarking Vector Maps
Resumo
The information used in geographic information system (GIS) and in spatial data is represented by digital vector maps, which are expensive to produce, but easy to copy. Watermarks have been used for a long time in other digital media for both authentication and tracing. This work presents a new method for embedding watermarks, in the form of a bitmap image, into digital vector maps. The detection of the watermark is accomplished by extracting the embedded image and comparing it with the original one.
Referências
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Gou, H. and Wu, M. (2004). Data hiding in curves for collusion-resistant digital fingerprinting. In ICIP, pages 51–54.
Marques, D. A. (2005). Marcas d’Água visuais em mapas vetoriais. Master’s thesis, UNICAMP.
Ohbuchi, R. and Masuda, H. (2000). Managing cad data as a multimedia data type using digital watermarking. In Knowledge Intensive CAD, pages 103–116.
Ohbuchi, R., Ueda, H., and Endoh, S. (2003a). Robust watermarking of vector digital maps. In Proc. IEEE Conference on Multimedia and Expo 2002.
Ohbuchi, R., Ueda, H., and Endoh, S. (2003b). Watermarking 2d vector maps in the mesh-spectral domain. In SMI ’03: Proceedings of the Shape Modeling International 2003, page 216, Washington, DC, USA. IEEE Computer Society.
Praun, E., Hoppe, H., and Finkelstein, A. (1999). Robust mesh watermarking. In Rockwood, A., editor, Siggraph 1999, Computer Graphics Proceedings, pages 49–56, Los Angeles. Addison Wesley Longman.
Shao, C. Y., Wang, H. L., Niu, X. M., and Wang, X. T. (2005). A shape-preserving method for watermarking 2d vector maps based on statistic detection. IEICE Transactions on Information and Systems, E89-D:1290–1293.
Sion, R. (2002). Power: A metric for evaluating watermarking algorithms. itcc, 00:0095.
Sonnet, H., Isenberg, T., Dittmann, J., and Strothotte, T. (2003). Illustration watermarks for vector graphics. In PG ’03: Proceedings of the 11th Pacific Conference on Computer Graphics and Applications, page 73, Washington, DC, USA. IEEE Computer Society.
van Wamelen, P., Li, Z., and Iyengar, S. (1999). A fast expected time algorithm for the point pattern matching problem. Technical report, Louisiana State University, Dept. of Mathematics.
Voigt, M. and Busch, C. (2002). Watermarking 2d-vector data for geographical information systems. In Proc. SPIE, Security and watermarking of Multimedia Content, pages 621–628.
Voigt, M., Yang, B., and Busch, C. (2004). Reversible watermarking of 2d-vector data. In MM&Sec ’04: Proceedings of the 2004 workshop on Multimedia and security, pages 160–165, New York, NY, USA. ACM Press.
Gou, H. and Wu, M. (2004). Data hiding in curves for collusion-resistant digital fingerprinting. In ICIP, pages 51–54.
Marques, D. A. (2005). Marcas d’Água visuais em mapas vetoriais. Master’s thesis, UNICAMP.
Ohbuchi, R. and Masuda, H. (2000). Managing cad data as a multimedia data type using digital watermarking. In Knowledge Intensive CAD, pages 103–116.
Ohbuchi, R., Ueda, H., and Endoh, S. (2003a). Robust watermarking of vector digital maps. In Proc. IEEE Conference on Multimedia and Expo 2002.
Ohbuchi, R., Ueda, H., and Endoh, S. (2003b). Watermarking 2d vector maps in the mesh-spectral domain. In SMI ’03: Proceedings of the Shape Modeling International 2003, page 216, Washington, DC, USA. IEEE Computer Society.
Praun, E., Hoppe, H., and Finkelstein, A. (1999). Robust mesh watermarking. In Rockwood, A., editor, Siggraph 1999, Computer Graphics Proceedings, pages 49–56, Los Angeles. Addison Wesley Longman.
Shao, C. Y., Wang, H. L., Niu, X. M., and Wang, X. T. (2005). A shape-preserving method for watermarking 2d vector maps based on statistic detection. IEICE Transactions on Information and Systems, E89-D:1290–1293.
Sion, R. (2002). Power: A metric for evaluating watermarking algorithms. itcc, 00:0095.
Sonnet, H., Isenberg, T., Dittmann, J., and Strothotte, T. (2003). Illustration watermarks for vector graphics. In PG ’03: Proceedings of the 11th Pacific Conference on Computer Graphics and Applications, page 73, Washington, DC, USA. IEEE Computer Society.
van Wamelen, P., Li, Z., and Iyengar, S. (1999). A fast expected time algorithm for the point pattern matching problem. Technical report, Louisiana State University, Dept. of Mathematics.
Voigt, M. and Busch, C. (2002). Watermarking 2d-vector data for geographical information systems. In Proc. SPIE, Security and watermarking of Multimedia Content, pages 621–628.
Voigt, M., Yang, B., and Busch, C. (2004). Reversible watermarking of 2d-vector data. In MM&Sec ’04: Proceedings of the 2004 workshop on Multimedia and security, pages 160–165, New York, NY, USA. ACM Press.
Publicado
27/08/2007
Como Citar
MARQUES, Douglas Aurélio; MAGALHÃES, Karina M.; DAHAB, Ricardo R..
RAWVec – A Method for Watermarking Vector Maps. In: SIMPÓSIO BRASILEIRO DE SEGURANÇA DA INFORMAÇÃO E DE SISTEMAS COMPUTACIONAIS (SBSEG), 7. , 2007, Rio de Janeiro.
Anais [...].
Porto Alegre: Sociedade Brasileira de Computação,
2007
.
p. 107-119.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5753/sbseg.2007.20921.
