Análise do Impacto Combinado de Algoritmos de Localização e Controle de Densidade na Cobertura-3
Resumo
Rastreamento de alvos é uma importante aplicação de redes de sensores sem fio (RSSF). Por se tratar de uma aplicação fortemente relacionada à localização, a inviabilidade de equipar todos os sensores com GPS torna necessário o uso de algoritmos de localização. Além disto, as RSSFs podem, em muitos casos, ser instaladas em ambiente hostil, onde é inviável recarregar as baterias dos sensores. Sendo assim, algoritmos de controle de densidade são utilizados para prolongar o tempo de vida da rede. Neste trabalho quantificamos o impacto de diferentes técnicas de localização sobre o controle de densidade, considerando uma aplicação de rastreamento que necessita de pelo menos três nós detectando o alvo (cobertura-3). Através de simulações, avaliamos o uso de três mecanismos de localização (ideal, RPE e DPE) e de três algoritmos de controle de densidade (GAF, OGDC e A3). Resultados indicam que a combinação DPE-OGDC é a que melhor mantém a cobertura-3.
Referências
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Niculescu, D. and Nath, B. (2001). Ad hoc positioning system (aps). In Proceedings of the IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference, pages 2926–2931, San Antonio, TX, USA.
Oliveira, H. A., Nakamura, E. F., Loureiro, A. A., and Boukerche, A. (2005). Error analysis of localization systems in sensor networks. In Proceedings of the 13th ACM International Symposium on Geographic Information Systems, pages 71–78, Bremen, Germany.
Oliveira, H. A., Nakamura, E. F., Loureiro, A. A., and Boukerche, A. (2009a). Dv-loc: a scalable localization protocol using voronoi diagrams for wireless sensor networks. IEEE Wireless Communications, pages 50–55.
Oliveira, H. A. B. F., Boukerche, A., Nakamura, E. F., and Loureiro, A. A. F. (2009b). An efficient directed localization recursion protocol for wireless sensor networks. IEEE Transactions on Computers, pages 677–691.
Perkins, C., Belding-Royer, E., and Das, S. (2003). Ad hoc on-demand distance vector (aodv) routing.
Shang, Y. and Shi, H. (2004). A new density control algorithm for wireles sensor networks. In Annual IEEE Conference on Local Computer Networks, pages 577–578, Los Alamitos, CA, USA.
Souza, E. L., Nakamura, E. F., and de Oliveira, H. A. (2009). On the performance of target tracking algorithms using actual localization systems for wireless sensor networks. In Proceedings of the 12th ACM International Conference on Modeling, Analysis and Simulation of Wireless and Mobile Systems, pages 418–423, New York, NY, USA.
Tian, D. and Georganas, N. D. (2002). A coverage-preserving node scheduling scheme for large wireless sensor networks. In Proceedings of the 1st ACM International Workshop on Wireless Sensor Networks and Applications, pages 32–41, New York, NY, USA.
Wightman, P. M. and Labrador, M. A. (2008). A3: A topology construction algorithm for wireless sensor networks. In Proceedings of the IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference, pages 1–6, New Orleans, USA.
Xu, Y., Heidermann, J., and Estrin, D. (2001). Geography-informed energy conservation for ad hoc routing. In Proceedings of the 7th Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking, pages 70–84, Rome, Italy.
Ye, F., Zhong, G., Cheng, J., Lu, S., and Zhang, L. (2003). Peas: A robust energy conserving protocol for long-lived sensor networks. International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems, page 28.
Zhang, H. and Hou, J. C. (2005). Maintaining Sensing Coverage and Connectivity in Large Sensor Networks. Wireless Ad Hoc & Sensor Networks, pages 89–123.
Boukerche, A., Oliveira, H. A., Nakamura, E. F., , and Loureiro, A. A. (2007). Localization systems for wireless sensor networks. IEEE Wireless Communications, pages 6–12.
Cerpa, A. and Estrin, D. (2004). Ascent: Adaptive self-configuring sensor networks topologies. IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing, pages 272–285.
Distributed Computing Group (2010). Sinalgo. [link].
Gillis, J. (1955). Correlated random walk. Mathematical Proceedings of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, pages 639–651.
Gui, C. andMohapatra, P. (2004). Power conservation and quality of surveillance in target tracking sensor networks. In Proceedings of the 10th Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking, pages 129–143, New York, NY, USA.
Niculescu, D. and Nath, B. (2001). Ad hoc positioning system (aps). In Proceedings of the IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference, pages 2926–2931, San Antonio, TX, USA.
Oliveira, H. A., Nakamura, E. F., Loureiro, A. A., and Boukerche, A. (2005). Error analysis of localization systems in sensor networks. In Proceedings of the 13th ACM International Symposium on Geographic Information Systems, pages 71–78, Bremen, Germany.
Oliveira, H. A., Nakamura, E. F., Loureiro, A. A., and Boukerche, A. (2009a). Dv-loc: a scalable localization protocol using voronoi diagrams for wireless sensor networks. IEEE Wireless Communications, pages 50–55.
Oliveira, H. A. B. F., Boukerche, A., Nakamura, E. F., and Loureiro, A. A. F. (2009b). An efficient directed localization recursion protocol for wireless sensor networks. IEEE Transactions on Computers, pages 677–691.
Perkins, C., Belding-Royer, E., and Das, S. (2003). Ad hoc on-demand distance vector (aodv) routing.
Shang, Y. and Shi, H. (2004). A new density control algorithm for wireles sensor networks. In Annual IEEE Conference on Local Computer Networks, pages 577–578, Los Alamitos, CA, USA.
Souza, E. L., Nakamura, E. F., and de Oliveira, H. A. (2009). On the performance of target tracking algorithms using actual localization systems for wireless sensor networks. In Proceedings of the 12th ACM International Conference on Modeling, Analysis and Simulation of Wireless and Mobile Systems, pages 418–423, New York, NY, USA.
Tian, D. and Georganas, N. D. (2002). A coverage-preserving node scheduling scheme for large wireless sensor networks. In Proceedings of the 1st ACM International Workshop on Wireless Sensor Networks and Applications, pages 32–41, New York, NY, USA.
Wightman, P. M. and Labrador, M. A. (2008). A3: A topology construction algorithm for wireless sensor networks. In Proceedings of the IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference, pages 1–6, New Orleans, USA.
Xu, Y., Heidermann, J., and Estrin, D. (2001). Geography-informed energy conservation for ad hoc routing. In Proceedings of the 7th Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking, pages 70–84, Rome, Italy.
Ye, F., Zhong, G., Cheng, J., Lu, S., and Zhang, L. (2003). Peas: A robust energy conserving protocol for long-lived sensor networks. International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems, page 28.
Zhang, H. and Hou, J. C. (2005). Maintaining Sensing Coverage and Connectivity in Large Sensor Networks. Wireless Ad Hoc & Sensor Networks, pages 89–123.
Publicado
19/07/2011
Como Citar
CAMPOS, André; SOUZA, Efren; NAKAMURA, Eduardo.
Análise do Impacto Combinado de Algoritmos de Localização e Controle de Densidade na Cobertura-3. In: SIMPÓSIO BRASILEIRO DE COMPUTAÇÃO UBÍQUA E PERVASIVA (SBCUP), 3. , 2011, Natal/RN.
Anais [...].
Porto Alegre: Sociedade Brasileira de Computação,
2011
.
p. 1083-1092.
ISSN 2595-6183.
