ADORE: An Adaptation-Oriented Requirement Modeling Approach for Systems of Systems
Resumo
The composition of several independently manageable and operable systems in order to create a system of systems may require adaptations due to the rise of emergent behaviours. An inadequate identification, by the requirement engineer, of how a new behaviour impacts the constituent systems could lead to conflicts and poor operation of the system. Therefore, identifying and resolving such scenarios is crucial for defining adaptation strategies as well assuring the achievement of the system global requirements. In this paper, a systematic adaptation-oriented requirement modeling approach for Systems of Systems, called ADORE, is presented. The proposed approach relies on the Cognitive Work Analysis (CWA) framework and Goal-oriented Requirements Engineering concepts to define three phases, each of them with a specific output model, that aim at modelling the system domain, identifying the collaborative tasks and analysing the scenarios and adaptations strategies. The approach is used to model a drone medical delivery system in order to demonstrate its applicability.
Referências
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John M. Carroll (Ed.). 2003. HCI Models, Theories, and Frameworks: Toward a Multidisciplinary Science. Morgan Kaufmann Publishers Inc., San Francisco, CA, USA.
Peter Feiler, Kevin Sullivan, Kurt Wallnau, Richard Gabriel, John Goodenough, Richard Linger, Thomas Longstaff, Rick Kazman, Mark Klein, Linda Northrop, and Douglas Schmidt. 2006. Ultra-Large-Scale Systems: The Software Challenge of the Future. Software Engineering Institute, Carnegie Mellon University.
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Mark W. Maier. 1998. Architecting principles for systems-of-systems. Systems Engineering 1, 4 (1998), 267--284. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1520-6858(1998)1:4<267::AID-SYS3>3.0.CO;2-DarXiv:https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/%28SICI%291520-6858%281998%291%3A4%3C267%3A%3AAID-SYS3%3E3.0.CO%3B2-D
Somayeh Malakuti. 2014. Detecting Emergent Interference in Integration of Multiple Self-Adaptive Systems. In Proceedings of the 2014 European Conference on Software Architecture Workshops (ECSAW '14). ACM, New York, NY, USA, Article 24, 7 pages. https://doi.org/10.1145/2642803.2642826
J Rasmussen, AM Pejtersen, and LP Goodstein. 1994. Cognitive systems engineering. (1994).
Paul M Salmon, Michael G Lenné, Gemma JM Read, Christine M Mulvihill, Miranda Cornelissen, Guy H Walker, Kristie L Young, Nicholas Stevens, and Neville A Stanton. 2016. More than meets the eye: using cognitive work analysis to identify design requirements for future rail level crossing systems. Applied ergonomics 53 (2016), 312--322.
Vítor E. S. Souza, Alexei Lapouchnian, and John Mylopoulos. 2011. System Identification for Adaptive Software Systems: a Requirements Engineering Perspective. In Proc. of the 30th International Conference on Conceptual Modeling (ER 2011) (Lecture Notes in Computer Science), Manfred Jeusfeld, Lois Delcambre, and Tok-Wang Ling (Eds.), Vol. 6998. Springer, Brussels, Belgium, 346--361. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-24606-7{_}26
Axel van Lamsweerde. 2001. Goal-oriented requirements engineering: a guided tour. In Proceedings Fifth IEEE International Symposium on Requirements Engineering. 249--262. https://doi.org/10.1109/ISRE.2001.948567
Tiago Viana, Andrea Zisman, and Arosha K. Bandara. 2017. Identifying Conflicting Requirements in Systems of Systems. In 2017 IEEE 25th International Requirements Engineering Conference (RE). 436--441. https://doi.org/10.1109/RE.2017.48
Sebastian Wätzoldt and Holger Giese. 2015. Modeling Collaborations in Adaptive Systems of Systems. In Proceedings of the 2015 European Conference on Software Architecture Workshops (ECSAW '15). ACM, New York, NY, USA, Article 3, 8 pages. https://doi.org/10.1145/2797433.2797436
Jon Whittle, Pete Sawyer, Nelly Bencomo, Betty H. C. Cheng, and Jean-Michel Bruel. 2010. RELAX: A Language to Address Uncertainty in Self-adaptive Systems Requirement. Requir. Eng. 15, 2 (June 2010), 177--196. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00766-010-0101-0
Johan Bengtsson, Kim G. Larsen, Fredrik Larsson, Paul Pettersson, and Wang Yi. 1995. Uppaal -- a Tool Suite for Automatic Verification of Real-Time Systems. In Proc. of Workshop on Verification and Control of Hybrid Systems III (Lecture Notes in Computer Science). Springer-Verlag, 232--243.
Victor Braberman, Nicolas D'Ippolito, Jeff Kramer, Daniel Sykes, and Sebastian Uchitel. 2015. MORPH: A Reference Architecture for Configuration and Behaviour Self-adaptation. In Proceedings of the 1st International Workshop on Control Theory for Software Engineering (CTSE 2015). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 9--16. https://doi.org/10.1145/2804337.2804339
John M. Carroll (Ed.). 2003. HCI Models, Theories, and Frameworks: Toward a Multidisciplinary Science. Morgan Kaufmann Publishers Inc., San Francisco, CA, USA.
Peter Feiler, Kevin Sullivan, Kurt Wallnau, Richard Gabriel, John Goodenough, Richard Linger, Thomas Longstaff, Rick Kazman, Mark Klein, Linda Northrop, and Douglas Schmidt. 2006. Ultra-Large-Scale Systems: The Software Challenge of the Future. Software Engineering Institute, Carnegie Mellon University.
Jeffrey O. Kephart and David M. Chess. 2003. The vision of autonomic computing. Computer 36, 1 (Jan 2003), 41--50. https://doi.org/10.1109/MC.2003.1160055
Paulo Henrique Maia, Lucas Vieira, Matheus Chagas, Yijun Yu, Andrea Zisman, and Bashar Nuseibeh. 2019. Cautious Adaptation of Defiant Components. In Proceedings of the 34th IEEE/ACM International Conference on Automated Software Engineering (ASE 2019).
Mark W. Maier. 1998. Architecting principles for systems-of-systems. Systems Engineering 1, 4 (1998), 267--284. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1520-6858(1998)1:4<267::AID-SYS3>3.0.CO;2-DarXiv:https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/%28SICI%291520-6858%281998%291%3A4%3C267%3A%3AAID-SYS3%3E3.0.CO%3B2-D
Somayeh Malakuti. 2014. Detecting Emergent Interference in Integration of Multiple Self-Adaptive Systems. In Proceedings of the 2014 European Conference on Software Architecture Workshops (ECSAW '14). ACM, New York, NY, USA, Article 24, 7 pages. https://doi.org/10.1145/2642803.2642826
J Rasmussen, AM Pejtersen, and LP Goodstein. 1994. Cognitive systems engineering. (1994).
Paul M Salmon, Michael G Lenné, Gemma JM Read, Christine M Mulvihill, Miranda Cornelissen, Guy H Walker, Kristie L Young, Nicholas Stevens, and Neville A Stanton. 2016. More than meets the eye: using cognitive work analysis to identify design requirements for future rail level crossing systems. Applied ergonomics 53 (2016), 312--322.
Vítor E. S. Souza, Alexei Lapouchnian, and John Mylopoulos. 2011. System Identification for Adaptive Software Systems: a Requirements Engineering Perspective. In Proc. of the 30th International Conference on Conceptual Modeling (ER 2011) (Lecture Notes in Computer Science), Manfred Jeusfeld, Lois Delcambre, and Tok-Wang Ling (Eds.), Vol. 6998. Springer, Brussels, Belgium, 346--361. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-24606-7{_}26
Axel van Lamsweerde. 2001. Goal-oriented requirements engineering: a guided tour. In Proceedings Fifth IEEE International Symposium on Requirements Engineering. 249--262. https://doi.org/10.1109/ISRE.2001.948567
Tiago Viana, Andrea Zisman, and Arosha K. Bandara. 2017. Identifying Conflicting Requirements in Systems of Systems. In 2017 IEEE 25th International Requirements Engineering Conference (RE). 436--441. https://doi.org/10.1109/RE.2017.48
Sebastian Wätzoldt and Holger Giese. 2015. Modeling Collaborations in Adaptive Systems of Systems. In Proceedings of the 2015 European Conference on Software Architecture Workshops (ECSAW '15). ACM, New York, NY, USA, Article 3, 8 pages. https://doi.org/10.1145/2797433.2797436
Jon Whittle, Pete Sawyer, Nelly Bencomo, Betty H. C. Cheng, and Jean-Michel Bruel. 2010. RELAX: A Language to Address Uncertainty in Self-adaptive Systems Requirement. Requir. Eng. 15, 2 (June 2010), 177--196. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00766-010-0101-0
Publicado
21/01/2020
Como Citar
MACIEL, Marcia M. S. S.; MACIEL, Filipe; MAIA, Paulo Henrique; OLIVEIRA, Francisco C. M. B..
ADORE: An Adaptation-Oriented Requirement Modeling Approach for Systems of Systems. In: INSIGHTFUL IDEAS AND EMERGING RESULTS - SIMPÓSIO BRASILEIRO DE ENGENHARIA DE SOFTWARE (SBES), 33. , 2019, Salvador.
Anais [...].
Porto Alegre: Sociedade Brasileira de Computação,
2020
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