Perception of Charisma, Comfort, Micro and Macro Expressions in Computer Graphics Characters
Resumo
This paper presents the reproduction of a research focused on the perception of micro and macro expressions of a character generated by Computer Graphics (CG), firstly described in 2014. Our main goal is to investigate whether the perceptual analysis of CG characters in 2014 is similar to people's perception in 2021. We also performed other analyses, such as the impact of familiarity with CG technologies, gender, age and education on the perception of micro and macro expressions, by subjects. In addition to the perceptual analysis of micro and macro expressions, we also evaluate the perceived comfort and charisma in relation to the presented CG characters.
Palavras-chave:
Computer Graphics, Comfort, Charisma, Perception, Emotion
Referências
E. Zell, K. Zibrek, and R. McDonnell, “Perception of virtual characters,” in ACM SIGGRAPH 2019 Courses, 2019, pp. 1–17.
R. B. Queiroz, S. R. Musse, and N. I. Badler, “Investigating macroexpressions and microexpressions in computer graphics animated faces,” PRESENCE: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments, vol. 23, no. 2, pp. 191–208, 2014.
M. Mori, “Bukimi no tani [the uncanny valley],” Energy, vol. 7, pp. 33–35, 1970.
C. Adair-Toteff, “Max weber’s charisma,” Journal of Classical Sociology, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 189–204, 2005.
E. A. Haggard and K. S. Isaacs, “Micromomentary facial expressions as indicators of ego mechanisms in psychotherapy,” in Methods of research in psychotherapy. Springer, 1966, pp. 154–165.
P. Ekman and W. V. Friesen, “Nonverbal leakage and clues to deception,” Psychiatry, vol. 32, no. 1, pp. 88–106, 1969.
D. Matsumoto and H. S. Hwang, “Evidence for training the ability to read microexpressions of emotion,” Motivation and emotion, vol. 35, no. 2, pp. 181–191, 2011.
M. Paleari and C. Lisetti, “Psychologically grounded avatars expressions,” in First Workshop on Emotion and Computing at KI, 2006.
B. Bornemann, P. Winkielman, and E. Van der Meer, “Can you feel what you do not see? using internal feedback to detect briefly presented emotional stimuli,” International Journal of Psychophysiology, vol. 85, no. 1, pp. 116–124, 2012.
X.-b. Shen, Q. Wu, and X.-l. Fu, “Effects of the duration of expressions on the recognition of microexpressions,” Journal of Zhejiang University Science B, vol. 13, no. 3, pp. 221–230, 2012.
W. Li, R. E. Zinbarg, S. G. Boehm, and K. A. Paller, “Neural and behavioral evidence for affective priming from unconsciously perceived emotional facial expressions and the influence of trait anxiety,” Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 95–107, 2008.
R. B. Queiroz, L. M. Barros, and S. R. Musse, “Providing expressive gaze to virtual animated characters in interactive applications,” Computers in Entertainment (CIE), vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 1–23, 2008.
A. Normoyle, J. B. Badler, T. Fan, N. I. Badler, V. J. Cassol, and S. R. Musse, “Evaluating perceived trust from procedurally animated gaze,” in Proceedings of Motion on Games, 2013, pp. 141–148.
E. Carrigan, K. Zibrek, R. Dahyot, and R. McDonnell, “Investigating perceptually based models to predict importance of facial blendshapes,” in Motion, Interaction and Games, 2020, pp. 1–6.
R. Awamleh and W. L. Gardner, “Perceptions of leader charisma and effectiveness: The effects of vision content, delivery, and organizational performance,” The leadership quarterly, vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 345–373, 1999.
R. E. Riggio, “Charisma,” Encyclopedia of mental health, vol. 1, pp. 387–396, 1998.
V. Araujo, B. Dalmoro, and S. R. Musse, “Analysis of charisma, comfort and realism in cg characters from a gender perspective,” The Visual Computer, pp. 1–14, 2021.
V. Araujo, J. Melgare, B. Dalmoro, and S. R. Musse, “Is the perceived comfort with cg characters increasing with their novelty,” IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications, 2021.
V. Dill, L. M. Flach, R. Hocevar, C. Lykawka, S. R. Musse, and M. S. Pinho, “Evaluation of the uncanny valley in cg characters,” in International Conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents. Springer, 2012, pp. 511–513.
R. B. Queiroz, S. R. Musse, and N. I. Badler, “Investigating macroexpressions and microexpressions in computer graphics animated faces,” PRESENCE: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments, vol. 23, no. 2, pp. 191–208, 2014.
M. Mori, “Bukimi no tani [the uncanny valley],” Energy, vol. 7, pp. 33–35, 1970.
C. Adair-Toteff, “Max weber’s charisma,” Journal of Classical Sociology, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 189–204, 2005.
E. A. Haggard and K. S. Isaacs, “Micromomentary facial expressions as indicators of ego mechanisms in psychotherapy,” in Methods of research in psychotherapy. Springer, 1966, pp. 154–165.
P. Ekman and W. V. Friesen, “Nonverbal leakage and clues to deception,” Psychiatry, vol. 32, no. 1, pp. 88–106, 1969.
D. Matsumoto and H. S. Hwang, “Evidence for training the ability to read microexpressions of emotion,” Motivation and emotion, vol. 35, no. 2, pp. 181–191, 2011.
M. Paleari and C. Lisetti, “Psychologically grounded avatars expressions,” in First Workshop on Emotion and Computing at KI, 2006.
B. Bornemann, P. Winkielman, and E. Van der Meer, “Can you feel what you do not see? using internal feedback to detect briefly presented emotional stimuli,” International Journal of Psychophysiology, vol. 85, no. 1, pp. 116–124, 2012.
X.-b. Shen, Q. Wu, and X.-l. Fu, “Effects of the duration of expressions on the recognition of microexpressions,” Journal of Zhejiang University Science B, vol. 13, no. 3, pp. 221–230, 2012.
W. Li, R. E. Zinbarg, S. G. Boehm, and K. A. Paller, “Neural and behavioral evidence for affective priming from unconsciously perceived emotional facial expressions and the influence of trait anxiety,” Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 95–107, 2008.
R. B. Queiroz, L. M. Barros, and S. R. Musse, “Providing expressive gaze to virtual animated characters in interactive applications,” Computers in Entertainment (CIE), vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 1–23, 2008.
A. Normoyle, J. B. Badler, T. Fan, N. I. Badler, V. J. Cassol, and S. R. Musse, “Evaluating perceived trust from procedurally animated gaze,” in Proceedings of Motion on Games, 2013, pp. 141–148.
E. Carrigan, K. Zibrek, R. Dahyot, and R. McDonnell, “Investigating perceptually based models to predict importance of facial blendshapes,” in Motion, Interaction and Games, 2020, pp. 1–6.
R. Awamleh and W. L. Gardner, “Perceptions of leader charisma and effectiveness: The effects of vision content, delivery, and organizational performance,” The leadership quarterly, vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 345–373, 1999.
R. E. Riggio, “Charisma,” Encyclopedia of mental health, vol. 1, pp. 387–396, 1998.
V. Araujo, B. Dalmoro, and S. R. Musse, “Analysis of charisma, comfort and realism in cg characters from a gender perspective,” The Visual Computer, pp. 1–14, 2021.
V. Araujo, J. Melgare, B. Dalmoro, and S. R. Musse, “Is the perceived comfort with cg characters increasing with their novelty,” IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications, 2021.
V. Dill, L. M. Flach, R. Hocevar, C. Lykawka, S. R. Musse, and M. S. Pinho, “Evaluation of the uncanny valley in cg characters,” in International Conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents. Springer, 2012, pp. 511–513.
Publicado
18/10/2021
Como Citar
ANDREOTTI, Lucas; WEBER, Morgana Luiza; SILVA, Tiago Luz da; ARAUJO, Victor Flávio De Andrade; MUSSE, Soraia Raupp.
Perception of Charisma, Comfort, Micro and Macro Expressions in Computer Graphics Characters. In: SIMPÓSIO BRASILEIRO DE JOGOS E ENTRETENIMENTO DIGITAL (SBGAMES), 20. , 2021, Online.
Anais [...].
Porto Alegre: Sociedade Brasileira de Computação,
2021
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p. 107-116.
