Autobalanceamento em Jogos Digitais - Mapeamento Sistemático da Literatura
Resumo
Jogos digitais não se limitam apenas ao entretenimento, eles também são ferramentas importantes para o aprendizado e desenvolvimento em diferentes contextos. Fazer com os jogadores sintam motivados e engajados durante o gameplay é o objetivo de qualquer jogo, e, consequentemente, quando imersos, os jogadores tendem a desenvolver habilidades e aprender o que o jogo tem a oferecer. Contudo, para isso, é necessário que os jogos encontrem o equilíbrio entre desafio e diversão, tornando fundamental que estes jogos possam autobalancear dificuldades de acordo com o perfil do jogador. Neste artigo, a literatura é explorada com foco na identificação de estudos que permitam analisar como jogos digitais utilizam técnicas de autobalanceamento. Para isso, é descrito e executado um mapeamento sistemático da literatura, no qual, 280 estudos foram identificados, mas, após análise criteriosa, apenas 11 foram considerados aptos para responderem as questões de pesquisa. Dentre estes estudos foram possíveis observar técnicas, dados utilizados, ferramentas, elementos e tipos de jogos dentro desta temática. Portanto, este estudo contribui ao reunir informações que possam guiar outros trabalhos dentro da área de jogos com foco no autobalanceamento.
Palavras-chave:
Jogos Digitais, Autobalanceamento, Mapeamento Sistemático
Referências
Basili, V. R. (1992). Software modeling and measurement: the Goal/Question/Metric paradigm. University of Maryland at College Park.
Camillo, C. M. e Medeiros, L. M. (2018). A importância dos jogos digitais no contexto escolar. Revista Competência.
Cardouzo, H. H. e de Classe, T. M. (2023). Balanceamento em estéticas e dinâmicas para imersao em certos gêneros de jogos-revisao rápida da literatura. Anais Estendidos do XXII Simpósio Brasileiro de Jogos e Entretenimento Digital, pages 200–212.
Clark, D. B., Virk, S. S., Barnes, J., e Adams, D. M. (2016). Self-explanation and digital games: Adaptively increasing abstraction. Computers & Education, 103:28–43.
Denisova, A. e Cairns, P. (2015). Adaptation in digital games: the effect of challenge adjustment on player performance and experience. In Proceedings of the 2015 Annual Symposium on Computer-Human Interaction in Play, pages 97–101.
Keele, S. et al. (2007). Guidelines for performing systematic literature reviews in software engineering.
Kickmeier-Rust, M. D. e Albert, D. (2010). Micro-adaptivity: Protecting immersion in didactically adaptive digital educational games. Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 26(2):95–105.
Kitchenham, B. (2004). Procedures for performing systematic reviews. Keele, UK, Keele University, 33(2004):1–26.
Leitão, T., Navarro, L. L. L., Cameira, R. F., e Silva, É. R. (2021). Serious games in business process management: a systematic literature review. Bus. Process. Manag. J., 27:685–721.
Maia, L. F., Viana, W., e Trinta, F. (2017). Using monte carlo tree search and google maps to improve game balancing in location-based games. In 2017 IEEE Conference on Computational Intelligence and Games (CIG), pages 215–222. IEEE.
Mainieri, B. O., Azevedo, V. L., Braga, P. H. C., e Omar, N. (2018). Development and assessment of an adaptive difficulty arithmetic game based learning object. In 2018 XIII Latin American Conference on Learning Technologies (LACLO), pages 232–239. IEEE.
Moon, H.-S. e Seo, J. (2020). Dynamic difficulty adjustment via fast user adaptation. In Adjunct Proceedings of the 33rd Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology, pages 13–15.
Or, D. B., Kolomenkin, M., e Shabat, G. (2021). Dl-dda - deep learning based dynamic difficulty adjustment with ux and gameplay constraints. 2021 IEEE Conference on Games (CoG), pages 1–7.
Pfau, J., Smeddinck, J. D., e Malaka, R. (2020). Enemy within: Long-term motivation effects of deep player behavior models for dynamic difficulty adjustment. Proceedings of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems.
Santos, C. M. d. C., Pimenta, C. A. d. M., e Nobre, M. R. C. (2007). A estratégia pico para a construção da pergunta de pesquisa e busca de evidências. Revista latino-americana de enfermagem, 15:508–511.
Silva, M. P., do Nascimento Silva, V., e Chaimowicz, L. (2015). Dynamic difficulty adjustment through an adaptive ai. In 2015 14th Brazilian symposium on computer games and digital entertainment (SBGames), pages 173–182. IEEE.
Silva, M. P., do Nascimento Silva, V., e Chaimowicz, L. (2017). Dynamic difficulty adjustment on moba games. Entertainment Computing, 18:103–123.
Soancatl Aguilar, V., J. van de Gronde, J., JC Lamoth, C., van Diest, M., M. Maurits, N., e BTM Roerdink, J. (2017). Visual data exploration for balance quantification in real-time during exergaming. Plos one, 12(1):e0170906.
Weber, M. e Notargiacomo, P. (2020). Dynamic difficulty adjustment in digital games using genetic algorithms. In 2020 19th Brazilian Symposium on Computer Games and Digital Entertainment (SBGames), pages 62–70. IEEE.
Xia, W. e Anand, B. (2016). Game balancing with ecosystem mechanism. In 2016 international conference on data mining and advanced computing (SAPIENCE), pages 317–324. IEEE.
Yang, Q.-F., Chang, S.-C., Hwang, G.-J., e Zou, D. (2020). Balancing cognitive complexity and gaming level: Effects of a cognitive complexity-based competition game on efl students’ english vocabulary learning performance, anxiety and behaviors. Computers & Education, 148:103808.
Yin, H., Luo, L., Cai, W., Ong, Y.-S., e Zhong, J. (2015). A data-driven approach for online adaptation of game difficulty. In 2015 IEEE conference on computational intelligence and games (CIG), pages 146–153. IEEE.
Camillo, C. M. e Medeiros, L. M. (2018). A importância dos jogos digitais no contexto escolar. Revista Competência.
Cardouzo, H. H. e de Classe, T. M. (2023). Balanceamento em estéticas e dinâmicas para imersao em certos gêneros de jogos-revisao rápida da literatura. Anais Estendidos do XXII Simpósio Brasileiro de Jogos e Entretenimento Digital, pages 200–212.
Clark, D. B., Virk, S. S., Barnes, J., e Adams, D. M. (2016). Self-explanation and digital games: Adaptively increasing abstraction. Computers & Education, 103:28–43.
Denisova, A. e Cairns, P. (2015). Adaptation in digital games: the effect of challenge adjustment on player performance and experience. In Proceedings of the 2015 Annual Symposium on Computer-Human Interaction in Play, pages 97–101.
Keele, S. et al. (2007). Guidelines for performing systematic literature reviews in software engineering.
Kickmeier-Rust, M. D. e Albert, D. (2010). Micro-adaptivity: Protecting immersion in didactically adaptive digital educational games. Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 26(2):95–105.
Kitchenham, B. (2004). Procedures for performing systematic reviews. Keele, UK, Keele University, 33(2004):1–26.
Leitão, T., Navarro, L. L. L., Cameira, R. F., e Silva, É. R. (2021). Serious games in business process management: a systematic literature review. Bus. Process. Manag. J., 27:685–721.
Maia, L. F., Viana, W., e Trinta, F. (2017). Using monte carlo tree search and google maps to improve game balancing in location-based games. In 2017 IEEE Conference on Computational Intelligence and Games (CIG), pages 215–222. IEEE.
Mainieri, B. O., Azevedo, V. L., Braga, P. H. C., e Omar, N. (2018). Development and assessment of an adaptive difficulty arithmetic game based learning object. In 2018 XIII Latin American Conference on Learning Technologies (LACLO), pages 232–239. IEEE.
Moon, H.-S. e Seo, J. (2020). Dynamic difficulty adjustment via fast user adaptation. In Adjunct Proceedings of the 33rd Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology, pages 13–15.
Or, D. B., Kolomenkin, M., e Shabat, G. (2021). Dl-dda - deep learning based dynamic difficulty adjustment with ux and gameplay constraints. 2021 IEEE Conference on Games (CoG), pages 1–7.
Pfau, J., Smeddinck, J. D., e Malaka, R. (2020). Enemy within: Long-term motivation effects of deep player behavior models for dynamic difficulty adjustment. Proceedings of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems.
Santos, C. M. d. C., Pimenta, C. A. d. M., e Nobre, M. R. C. (2007). A estratégia pico para a construção da pergunta de pesquisa e busca de evidências. Revista latino-americana de enfermagem, 15:508–511.
Silva, M. P., do Nascimento Silva, V., e Chaimowicz, L. (2015). Dynamic difficulty adjustment through an adaptive ai. In 2015 14th Brazilian symposium on computer games and digital entertainment (SBGames), pages 173–182. IEEE.
Silva, M. P., do Nascimento Silva, V., e Chaimowicz, L. (2017). Dynamic difficulty adjustment on moba games. Entertainment Computing, 18:103–123.
Soancatl Aguilar, V., J. van de Gronde, J., JC Lamoth, C., van Diest, M., M. Maurits, N., e BTM Roerdink, J. (2017). Visual data exploration for balance quantification in real-time during exergaming. Plos one, 12(1):e0170906.
Weber, M. e Notargiacomo, P. (2020). Dynamic difficulty adjustment in digital games using genetic algorithms. In 2020 19th Brazilian Symposium on Computer Games and Digital Entertainment (SBGames), pages 62–70. IEEE.
Xia, W. e Anand, B. (2016). Game balancing with ecosystem mechanism. In 2016 international conference on data mining and advanced computing (SAPIENCE), pages 317–324. IEEE.
Yang, Q.-F., Chang, S.-C., Hwang, G.-J., e Zou, D. (2020). Balancing cognitive complexity and gaming level: Effects of a cognitive complexity-based competition game on efl students’ english vocabulary learning performance, anxiety and behaviors. Computers & Education, 148:103808.
Yin, H., Luo, L., Cai, W., Ong, Y.-S., e Zhong, J. (2015). A data-driven approach for online adaptation of game difficulty. In 2015 IEEE conference on computational intelligence and games (CIG), pages 146–153. IEEE.
Publicado
30/09/2024
Como Citar
SERRA, Cristiano Barroso; CLASSE, Tadeu Moreira de; SIQUEIRA, Sean Wolfgand Matsui.
Autobalanceamento em Jogos Digitais - Mapeamento Sistemático da Literatura. In: SIMPÓSIO BRASILEIRO DE JOGOS E ENTRETENIMENTO DIGITAL (SBGAMES), 23. , 2024, Manaus/AM.
Anais [...].
Porto Alegre: Sociedade Brasileira de Computação,
2024
.
p. 38-49.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5753/sbgames.2024.240061.
