A gamificação em aplicativos mHealth para o bem-estar: Um mapeamento sistemático da literatura
Resumo
A gamificação dos aplicativos mHealth é uma área emergente, a ubiquidade dos smartphones oferecem uma oportunidade de pesquisa nunca antes vista. Mas existem lacunas nas intervenções direcionadas ao bem-estar neste contexto. Um mapeamento sistemático da literatura (MSL) permite identificar lacunas e oportunidades de pesquisa nesta área. Este trabalho tem como objetivo compreender o estado da arte, sobre como a gamificação, os aplicativos mHealth e o bem-estar estão sendo utilizados em conjunto. Através do processo do MSL foram encontrados 88 artigos, resultantes de uma pesquisa em 5 mecanismos de busca acadêmicos. Após aplicar os critérios de seleção, foram selecionados 14 artigos. Foi identificado que: muitos trabalhos não apresentam informações suficientes sobre os processos de desenvolvimento e design da gamificação aplicada aos apps; existem diferentes terminologias que são associadas ao bem-estar, sendo a principal delas a do bem-estar psicológico; e que os trabalhos utilizam poucos elementos de jogos nos aplicativos desenvolvidos, sendo alguns destes comumente encontrados. É evidente que um design de gamificação mais rigoroso precisa ser investigado para ver seu impacto no bem-estar de aplicativos de saúde móvel.
Palavras-chave:
bem-estar, gamificação, saúde móvel, mHealth, app, aplicativo, saúde eletrônica, eHealth
Referências
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F. P. Grad, “The preamble of the constitution of the world health organization,” Bulletin of the World Health Organization, vol. 80, pp. 981–981, 2002.
V. W. S. Cheng, T. A. Davenport, D. Johnson, K. Vella, J. Mitchell, and I. B. Hickie, “An App That Incorporates Gamification, Mini-Games, and Social Connection to Improve Men’s Mental Health and Well-Being (MindMax): Participatory Design Process.” JMIR Ment Health, vol. 5, no. 4, pp. e11 068–e11 068, Nov. 2018. [Online]. Available: https://dx.doi.org/10.2196/11068.
S. Litvin, R. Saunders, M. A. Maier, and S. Lüttke, “Gamification as an approach to improve resilience and reduce attrition in mobile mental health interventions: A randomized controlled trial.” PLoS One, vol. 15, no. 9 September 2020, pp. e0 237 220–e0 237 220, Sep. 2020. [Online]. Available: https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0237220.
M. Aitken, B. Clancy, and D. Nass, “The growing value of digital health: evidence and impact on human health and the healthcare system,” IQVIA Institute for Human Data Science, p. p1, 2017.
S. Deterding, R. Khaled, L. E. Nacke, D. Dixon et al., “Gamification: Toward a definition,” in CHI 2011 gamification workshop proceedings, vol. 12. Vancouver BC, Canada, 2011, pp. 12–15.
Y. Lin, C. Tudor-Sfetea, S. Siddiqui, Y. Sherwani, M. Ahmed, and A. Eisingerich, “Effective behavioral changes through a digital mhealth app: Exploring the impact of hedonic well-being, psychological empowerment and inspiration,” JMIR Mhealth Uhealth, vol. 6, no. 6, pp.e10 024–e10 024, Jun. 2018, publisher: JMIR Publications Inc.
R. Smiderle, L. Marques, J. A. P. d. M. Coelho, S. J. Rigo, and P. A. Jaques, “Studying the impact of gamification on learning and engagement of introverted and extroverted students,” in 2019 IEEE 19th International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (ICALT), vol. 2161. IEEE, 2019, pp. 71–75.
A. M. Toda, R. M. do Carmo, A. P. da Silva, I. I. Bittencourt, and S. Isotani, “An approach for planning and deploying gamification concepts with social networks within educational contexts,” International Journal of Information Management, vol. 46, pp. 294 – 303, 2019. [Online]. Available: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0268401218304614.
A. C. T. Klock, “Mapeamentos e revisões sistemáticos da literatura: um guia teórico e prático,” Cadernos de Informática, vol. 10, no. 1, pp.01–09, 2018.
E. G. Lattie, E. C. Adkins, N. Winquist, C. Stiles-Shields, Q. E. Wafford, and A. K. Graham, “Digital mental health interventions for depression, anxiety, and enhancement of psychological well-being among college students: Systematic review,” Journal of medical Internet research, vol. 21, no. 7, p. e12869, 2019.
V. W. S. Cheng, T. Davenport, D. Johnson, K. Vella, and I. B. Hickie, “Gamification in apps and technologies for improving mental health and well-being: systematic review,” JMIR mental health, vol. 6, no. 6, p. e13717, 2019.
D. Johnson, S. Deterding, K.-A. Kuhn, A. Staneva, S. Stoyanov, and L. Hides, “Gamification for health and wellbeing: A systematic review of the literature,” Internet interventions, vol. 6, pp. 89–106, 2016.
K. Petersen, R. Feldt, S. Mujtaba, and M. Mattsson, “Systematic Mapping Studies in Software Engineering,” Jun. 2008. [Online]. Available: https://scienceopen.com/document?vid=6d552894-2cc3-4e2b-a483-41fa48a37ef8.
K. Petersen, S. Vakkalanka, and L. Kuzniarz, “Guidelines for conducting systematic mapping studies in software engineering: An update,” Information and Software Technology, vol. 64, pp. 1–18, Aug. 2015. [Online]. Available: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0950584915000646.
D. Buchinger, G. A. d. S. Cavalcanti, and M. D. S. Hounsell, “Mecanismos de busca acadêmica: uma análise quantitativa,” Revista Brasileira de Computação Aplicada, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 108–120, Apr. 2014. [Online]. Available: http://www.upf.br/seer/index.php/rbca/article/view/3452.
D. Dermeval, J. A. d. M. Coelho, and I. I. BITTENCOURT, “Mapeamento sistemático e revisao sistemática da literatura em informática na educação,” JAQUES, Patrícia Augustin; PIMENTEL, Mariano; SIQUEIRA; Sean; BITTENCOURT, Ig. Org.) Metodologia de Pesquisa em Informática na Educação: Abordagem Quantitativa de Pesquisa. Porto Alegre: SBC, 2019.
K. Vella, N. Peever, M. Klarkowski, B. Ploderer, J. Mitchell, and D. Johnson, “Using Applied Games to Engage mHealth Users: A Case Study of MindMax,” in CHI PLAY 2018 - Proceedings of the 2018 Annual Symposium on Computer-Human Interaction in Play, ser. CHI PLAY ’18. New York, NY, USA: Association for Computing Machinery, 2018, pp. 523–534.
A. Shahrestani, P. Van Gorp, P. Le Blanc, F. Greidanus, K. De Groot, and J. Leermakers, “Unified Health Gamification can significantly improve well-being in corporate environments,” in 2017 39th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC), vol. 2017. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., Oct. 2017, pp. 4507–4511. [Online]. Available: https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/EMBC.2017.8037858.
K. Vella, V. Cheng, D. Johnson, T. Davenport, N. Peever, and J. Mitchell, “Motivating engagement with a wellbeing app using video games and gamification,” in CEUR Workshop Proceedings, vol. 2055. CEUR-WS, 2017.
M. Tizuka, E. Clua, and L. De Castro Salgado, “Investigating mhealth gamification rewards elements for adults 50+,” in 2020 IEEE 8th International Conference on Serious Games and Applications for Health, SeGAH 2020. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2020, pp. 1–8, iSSN: 2330-5649 WOS:000629061000006.
S. M. Edney, T. S. Olds, J. C. Ryan, C. Vandelanotte, R. C. Plotnikoff, R. G. Curtis, and C. A. Maher, “A Social Networking and Gamified App to Increase Physical Activity: Cluster RCT,” American Journal of Preventive Medicine, vol. 58, no. 2, pp.e51–e62, Feb. 2020, wOS:000507983500002. [Online]. Available: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0749379719304155.
V. W. S. Cheng, T. Davenport, D. Johnson, K. Vella, J. Mitchell, and I. B. Hickie, “Naturalistic evaluation of a sport-themed mental health and wellbeing app aimed at men (MindMax), that incorporates applied video games and gamification.” Internet Interv, vol. 20, pp. 100 306–100 306, Mar. 2020, publisher: Elsevier B.V. [Online]. Available: https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.invent.2020.100306.
S. Edney, R. Plotnikoff, C. Vandelanotte, T. Olds, I. De Bourdeaudhuij, J. Ryan, and C. Maher, “”Active Team” a social and gamified appbased physical activity intervention: Randomised controlled trial study protocol,” BMC Public Health, vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 859–859, 2017, publisher: BioMed Central Ltd.
J. F. Hunter, M. S. Olah, A. L. Williams, A. C. Parks, and S. D. Pressman, “Effect of Brief Biofeedback via a Smartphone App on Stress Recovery: Randomized Experimental Study.” JMIR Serious Games, vol. 7, no. 4, pp. e15 974–e15 974, Nov. 2019, publisher: JMIR Publications Inc. [Online]. Available: https://dx.doi.org/10.2196/15974.
S. Yoon, H. Goh, G. D. Nadarajan, S. Sung, I. Teo, J. Lee, M. E. Ong, N. Graves, and T. L. Teo, “Perceptions of mHealth applications and features to support psychosocial wellbeing among frontline healthcare workers involved in the COVID-19 pandemic response.” J. med. internet res, May 2021. [Online]. Available: https://dx.doi.org/10.2196/26282.
N. Katule, U. Rivett, and M. Densmore, “A family health app: Engaging children to manage wellness of adults,” in Proceedings of the 7th Annual Symposium on Computing for Development, ACM DEV-7 2016. Association for Computing Machinery, Inc, 2016.
M. H. Lim, J. F. M. Gleeson, T. L. Rodebaugh, R. Eres, K. M. Long, K. Casey, J.-A. M. Abbott, N. Thomas, and D. L. Penn, “A pilot digital intervention targeting loneliness in young people with psychosis.” Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol, vol. 55, no. 7, pp. 877–889, 2020, publisher: Springer. [Online]. Available: https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00127-019-01681-2.
J. Bayuk and S. A. Altobello, “Can gamification improve financial behavior? The moderating role of app expertise,” International Journal of Bank Marketing, vol. 37, no. 4, pp. 951–975, 2019.
C. Ryff, “Happiness is everything, or is it? Explorations on the meaning of psychological well-being,” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, vol. 57, no. 6, pp. 1069–1081, 1989, place: US Publisher: American Psychological Association.
A. C. T. Klock, I. Gasparini, M. S. Pimenta, and J. Hamari, “Tailored gamification: A review of literature,” International Journal of Human- Computer Studies, vol. 144, p. 102495, 2020.
J. Koivisto and J. Hamari, “The rise of motivational information systems: A review of gamification research,” International Journal of Information Management, vol. 45, pp. 191–210, Apr. 2019. [Online]. Available: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0268401217305169.
F. P. Grad, “The preamble of the constitution of the world health organization,” Bulletin of the World Health Organization, vol. 80, pp. 981–981, 2002.
V. W. S. Cheng, T. A. Davenport, D. Johnson, K. Vella, J. Mitchell, and I. B. Hickie, “An App That Incorporates Gamification, Mini-Games, and Social Connection to Improve Men’s Mental Health and Well-Being (MindMax): Participatory Design Process.” JMIR Ment Health, vol. 5, no. 4, pp. e11 068–e11 068, Nov. 2018. [Online]. Available: https://dx.doi.org/10.2196/11068.
S. Litvin, R. Saunders, M. A. Maier, and S. Lüttke, “Gamification as an approach to improve resilience and reduce attrition in mobile mental health interventions: A randomized controlled trial.” PLoS One, vol. 15, no. 9 September 2020, pp. e0 237 220–e0 237 220, Sep. 2020. [Online]. Available: https://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0237220.
M. Aitken, B. Clancy, and D. Nass, “The growing value of digital health: evidence and impact on human health and the healthcare system,” IQVIA Institute for Human Data Science, p. p1, 2017.
S. Deterding, R. Khaled, L. E. Nacke, D. Dixon et al., “Gamification: Toward a definition,” in CHI 2011 gamification workshop proceedings, vol. 12. Vancouver BC, Canada, 2011, pp. 12–15.
Y. Lin, C. Tudor-Sfetea, S. Siddiqui, Y. Sherwani, M. Ahmed, and A. Eisingerich, “Effective behavioral changes through a digital mhealth app: Exploring the impact of hedonic well-being, psychological empowerment and inspiration,” JMIR Mhealth Uhealth, vol. 6, no. 6, pp.e10 024–e10 024, Jun. 2018, publisher: JMIR Publications Inc.
R. Smiderle, L. Marques, J. A. P. d. M. Coelho, S. J. Rigo, and P. A. Jaques, “Studying the impact of gamification on learning and engagement of introverted and extroverted students,” in 2019 IEEE 19th International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (ICALT), vol. 2161. IEEE, 2019, pp. 71–75.
A. M. Toda, R. M. do Carmo, A. P. da Silva, I. I. Bittencourt, and S. Isotani, “An approach for planning and deploying gamification concepts with social networks within educational contexts,” International Journal of Information Management, vol. 46, pp. 294 – 303, 2019. [Online]. Available: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0268401218304614.
A. C. T. Klock, “Mapeamentos e revisões sistemáticos da literatura: um guia teórico e prático,” Cadernos de Informática, vol. 10, no. 1, pp.01–09, 2018.
E. G. Lattie, E. C. Adkins, N. Winquist, C. Stiles-Shields, Q. E. Wafford, and A. K. Graham, “Digital mental health interventions for depression, anxiety, and enhancement of psychological well-being among college students: Systematic review,” Journal of medical Internet research, vol. 21, no. 7, p. e12869, 2019.
V. W. S. Cheng, T. Davenport, D. Johnson, K. Vella, and I. B. Hickie, “Gamification in apps and technologies for improving mental health and well-being: systematic review,” JMIR mental health, vol. 6, no. 6, p. e13717, 2019.
D. Johnson, S. Deterding, K.-A. Kuhn, A. Staneva, S. Stoyanov, and L. Hides, “Gamification for health and wellbeing: A systematic review of the literature,” Internet interventions, vol. 6, pp. 89–106, 2016.
K. Petersen, R. Feldt, S. Mujtaba, and M. Mattsson, “Systematic Mapping Studies in Software Engineering,” Jun. 2008. [Online]. Available: https://scienceopen.com/document?vid=6d552894-2cc3-4e2b-a483-41fa48a37ef8.
K. Petersen, S. Vakkalanka, and L. Kuzniarz, “Guidelines for conducting systematic mapping studies in software engineering: An update,” Information and Software Technology, vol. 64, pp. 1–18, Aug. 2015. [Online]. Available: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0950584915000646.
D. Buchinger, G. A. d. S. Cavalcanti, and M. D. S. Hounsell, “Mecanismos de busca acadêmica: uma análise quantitativa,” Revista Brasileira de Computação Aplicada, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 108–120, Apr. 2014. [Online]. Available: http://www.upf.br/seer/index.php/rbca/article/view/3452.
D. Dermeval, J. A. d. M. Coelho, and I. I. BITTENCOURT, “Mapeamento sistemático e revisao sistemática da literatura em informática na educação,” JAQUES, Patrícia Augustin; PIMENTEL, Mariano; SIQUEIRA; Sean; BITTENCOURT, Ig. Org.) Metodologia de Pesquisa em Informática na Educação: Abordagem Quantitativa de Pesquisa. Porto Alegre: SBC, 2019.
K. Vella, N. Peever, M. Klarkowski, B. Ploderer, J. Mitchell, and D. Johnson, “Using Applied Games to Engage mHealth Users: A Case Study of MindMax,” in CHI PLAY 2018 - Proceedings of the 2018 Annual Symposium on Computer-Human Interaction in Play, ser. CHI PLAY ’18. New York, NY, USA: Association for Computing Machinery, 2018, pp. 523–534.
A. Shahrestani, P. Van Gorp, P. Le Blanc, F. Greidanus, K. De Groot, and J. Leermakers, “Unified Health Gamification can significantly improve well-being in corporate environments,” in 2017 39th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC), vol. 2017. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., Oct. 2017, pp. 4507–4511. [Online]. Available: https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/EMBC.2017.8037858.
K. Vella, V. Cheng, D. Johnson, T. Davenport, N. Peever, and J. Mitchell, “Motivating engagement with a wellbeing app using video games and gamification,” in CEUR Workshop Proceedings, vol. 2055. CEUR-WS, 2017.
M. Tizuka, E. Clua, and L. De Castro Salgado, “Investigating mhealth gamification rewards elements for adults 50+,” in 2020 IEEE 8th International Conference on Serious Games and Applications for Health, SeGAH 2020. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2020, pp. 1–8, iSSN: 2330-5649 WOS:000629061000006.
S. M. Edney, T. S. Olds, J. C. Ryan, C. Vandelanotte, R. C. Plotnikoff, R. G. Curtis, and C. A. Maher, “A Social Networking and Gamified App to Increase Physical Activity: Cluster RCT,” American Journal of Preventive Medicine, vol. 58, no. 2, pp.e51–e62, Feb. 2020, wOS:000507983500002. [Online]. Available: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0749379719304155.
V. W. S. Cheng, T. Davenport, D. Johnson, K. Vella, J. Mitchell, and I. B. Hickie, “Naturalistic evaluation of a sport-themed mental health and wellbeing app aimed at men (MindMax), that incorporates applied video games and gamification.” Internet Interv, vol. 20, pp. 100 306–100 306, Mar. 2020, publisher: Elsevier B.V. [Online]. Available: https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.invent.2020.100306.
S. Edney, R. Plotnikoff, C. Vandelanotte, T. Olds, I. De Bourdeaudhuij, J. Ryan, and C. Maher, “”Active Team” a social and gamified appbased physical activity intervention: Randomised controlled trial study protocol,” BMC Public Health, vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 859–859, 2017, publisher: BioMed Central Ltd.
J. F. Hunter, M. S. Olah, A. L. Williams, A. C. Parks, and S. D. Pressman, “Effect of Brief Biofeedback via a Smartphone App on Stress Recovery: Randomized Experimental Study.” JMIR Serious Games, vol. 7, no. 4, pp. e15 974–e15 974, Nov. 2019, publisher: JMIR Publications Inc. [Online]. Available: https://dx.doi.org/10.2196/15974.
S. Yoon, H. Goh, G. D. Nadarajan, S. Sung, I. Teo, J. Lee, M. E. Ong, N. Graves, and T. L. Teo, “Perceptions of mHealth applications and features to support psychosocial wellbeing among frontline healthcare workers involved in the COVID-19 pandemic response.” J. med. internet res, May 2021. [Online]. Available: https://dx.doi.org/10.2196/26282.
N. Katule, U. Rivett, and M. Densmore, “A family health app: Engaging children to manage wellness of adults,” in Proceedings of the 7th Annual Symposium on Computing for Development, ACM DEV-7 2016. Association for Computing Machinery, Inc, 2016.
M. H. Lim, J. F. M. Gleeson, T. L. Rodebaugh, R. Eres, K. M. Long, K. Casey, J.-A. M. Abbott, N. Thomas, and D. L. Penn, “A pilot digital intervention targeting loneliness in young people with psychosis.” Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol, vol. 55, no. 7, pp. 877–889, 2020, publisher: Springer. [Online]. Available: https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00127-019-01681-2.
J. Bayuk and S. A. Altobello, “Can gamification improve financial behavior? The moderating role of app expertise,” International Journal of Bank Marketing, vol. 37, no. 4, pp. 951–975, 2019.
C. Ryff, “Happiness is everything, or is it? Explorations on the meaning of psychological well-being,” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, vol. 57, no. 6, pp. 1069–1081, 1989, place: US Publisher: American Psychological Association.
A. C. T. Klock, I. Gasparini, M. S. Pimenta, and J. Hamari, “Tailored gamification: A review of literature,” International Journal of Human- Computer Studies, vol. 144, p. 102495, 2020.
J. Koivisto and J. Hamari, “The rise of motivational information systems: A review of gamification research,” International Journal of Information Management, vol. 45, pp. 191–210, Apr. 2019. [Online]. Available: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0268401217305169.
Publicado
18/10/2021
Como Citar
MARTINS, Marcos Vinnicius; CONEJO, Gabriel Guebarra; HOUNSELL, Marcelo da Silva; GASPARINI, Isabela.
A gamificação em aplicativos mHealth para o bem-estar: Um mapeamento sistemático da literatura. In: TRILHA DE SAÚDE – ARTIGOS COMPLETOS - SIMPÓSIO BRASILEIRO DE JOGOS E ENTRETENIMENTO DIGITAL (SBGAMES), 20. , 2021, Online.
Anais [...].
Porto Alegre: Sociedade Brasileira de Computação,
2021
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p. 830-839.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5753/sbgames_estendido.2021.19721.
