A Modular Web-Based Framework for Inclusive Telerehabilitation and Faster Serious Game Development
Resumo
Introduction: Adherence to telerehabilitation is frequently hindered by hardware obsolescence and the lack of diverse therapeutic content, leading to patient boredom and high dropout rates. Objective: This paper proposes a modular, web-based framework designed to decouple kinematic sensing from game logic, fostering a rapid-prototyping ecosystem for diverse serious games. Methodology: The architecture utilizes a "Virtual Sensor" layer that abstracts computer vision data (from MediaPipe/TensorFlow.js) into standardized therapeutic metrics ([0, 1] scale), ensuring inclusive gameplay regardless of the patient’s individual range of motion and processed entirely on the client side to ensure real-time feedback. Results: By enabling the quick development of varied, short-duration games, the framework aims to maintain high adherence levels and empowerment among elderly patients, as reported in clinical exergaming studies, while also facilitating a "zero-install" environment that lowers the barrier to entry for elderly patients and independent game developers.
Palavras-chave:
telerehabilitation, serious games, computer vision, modular architecture, calibration
Referências
Alfieri, F. M., da Silva Dias, C., de Oliveira, N. C., e Battistella, L. R. (2022). Gamification in Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation. Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine, 15(6):629–636.
Bernava, G., Nucita, A., Iannizzotto, G., Caprì, T., e Fabio, R. A. (2021). Proteo: A Framework for Serious Games in Telerehabilitation. Applied Sciences, 11(13):5935.
Bogner, J. e Merkel, M. (2022). To type or not to type? a systematic comparison of the software quality of JavaScript and typescript applications on GitHub. In Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Mining Software Repositories, MSR ’22, pages 658–669, New York, NY, USA. Association for Computing Machinery.
de Medeiros, C. S. P. (2018). Validação do jogo sério VirtuAlter para reabilitação do equilíbrio postural de idosos por meio da realidade virtual.
Gómez-Portes, C., Vallejo, D., Corregidor-Sánchez, A.-I., Rodríguez-Hernández, M., Martín-Conty, J. L., Schez-Sobrino, S., e Polonio-López, B. (2021). A Platform Based on Personalized Exergames and Natural User Interfaces to Promote Remote Physical Activity and Improve Healthy Aging in Elderly People. Sustainability, 13(14):7578.
Haapalainen, A. (2024). A comparative analysis of converting JavaScript to TypeScript in advanced web applications course.
He, Y. et al. (2024). Global, regional, and national burden of stroke and its risk factors, 1990–2021: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021. The Lancet Neurology.
Heiyanthuduwa, T., Amarapala, N., Gunathilaka, K., Ravindu, K., Wickramaratne, C., e Kasthurirathna, D. (2020). VirtualPT: Virtual Reality Based Home Care Physiotherapy Rehabilitation for Elderly.
Paraskevopoulos, I., Tsekleves, E., Warland, A., e Kilbride, C. (2016). Virtual Reality-Based Holistic Framework: A Tool for Participatory Development of Customised Playful Therapy Sessions for Motor Rehabilitation. In 2016 8th International Conference on Games and Virtual Worlds for Serious Applications (VS-GAMES), pages 1–8.
Pardos, A., Menychtas, A., e Maglogiannis, I. (2022). On unifying deep learning and edge computing for human motion analysis in exergames development. Neural Computing and Applications, 34(2):951–967.
Pérez-Medina, J.-L., Jimenes-Vargas, K. B., Leconte, L., Villarreal, S., Rybarczyk, Y., e Vanderdonckt, J. (2019). ePHoRt: Towards a Reference Architecture for Tele-Rehabilitation Systems. IEEE Access, 7:97159–97176.
Reinkensmeyer, D., Pang, C., Nessler, J., e Painter, C. (2002). Web-based telerehabilitation for the upper extremity after stroke. IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering, 10(2):102–108.
Rozevink, S. G., van der Sluis, C. K., Garzo, A., Keller, T., e Hijmans, J. M. (2021). HoMEcare aRm rehabiLItatioN (MERLIN): Telerehabilitation using an unactuated device based on serious games improves the upper limb function in chronic stroke. Journal of Neuroengineering and Rehabilitation, 18(1):48.
Rüth, M., Schmelzer, M., Burtniak, K., e Kaspar, K. (2023). Commercial exergames for rehabilitation of physical health and quality of life: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials with adults in unsupervised home environments. Frontiers in Psychology, 14.
Tannús, J., Valentini, C., e Naves, E. (2026). AI-driven low-cost rehabilitation exergame as a lightweight framework for stroke assessment. npj Digital Medicine, 9(1):196.
Verheijden Klompstra, L., Jaarsma, T., e Strömberg, A. (2014). Exergaming in older adults: A scoping review and implementation potential for patients with heart failure. European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing, 13(5):388–398.
World Stroke Organization (2024). Impact of stroke. [link].
Bernava, G., Nucita, A., Iannizzotto, G., Caprì, T., e Fabio, R. A. (2021). Proteo: A Framework for Serious Games in Telerehabilitation. Applied Sciences, 11(13):5935.
Bogner, J. e Merkel, M. (2022). To type or not to type? a systematic comparison of the software quality of JavaScript and typescript applications on GitHub. In Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Mining Software Repositories, MSR ’22, pages 658–669, New York, NY, USA. Association for Computing Machinery.
de Medeiros, C. S. P. (2018). Validação do jogo sério VirtuAlter para reabilitação do equilíbrio postural de idosos por meio da realidade virtual.
Gómez-Portes, C., Vallejo, D., Corregidor-Sánchez, A.-I., Rodríguez-Hernández, M., Martín-Conty, J. L., Schez-Sobrino, S., e Polonio-López, B. (2021). A Platform Based on Personalized Exergames and Natural User Interfaces to Promote Remote Physical Activity and Improve Healthy Aging in Elderly People. Sustainability, 13(14):7578.
Haapalainen, A. (2024). A comparative analysis of converting JavaScript to TypeScript in advanced web applications course.
He, Y. et al. (2024). Global, regional, and national burden of stroke and its risk factors, 1990–2021: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021. The Lancet Neurology.
Heiyanthuduwa, T., Amarapala, N., Gunathilaka, K., Ravindu, K., Wickramaratne, C., e Kasthurirathna, D. (2020). VirtualPT: Virtual Reality Based Home Care Physiotherapy Rehabilitation for Elderly.
Paraskevopoulos, I., Tsekleves, E., Warland, A., e Kilbride, C. (2016). Virtual Reality-Based Holistic Framework: A Tool for Participatory Development of Customised Playful Therapy Sessions for Motor Rehabilitation. In 2016 8th International Conference on Games and Virtual Worlds for Serious Applications (VS-GAMES), pages 1–8.
Pardos, A., Menychtas, A., e Maglogiannis, I. (2022). On unifying deep learning and edge computing for human motion analysis in exergames development. Neural Computing and Applications, 34(2):951–967.
Pérez-Medina, J.-L., Jimenes-Vargas, K. B., Leconte, L., Villarreal, S., Rybarczyk, Y., e Vanderdonckt, J. (2019). ePHoRt: Towards a Reference Architecture for Tele-Rehabilitation Systems. IEEE Access, 7:97159–97176.
Reinkensmeyer, D., Pang, C., Nessler, J., e Painter, C. (2002). Web-based telerehabilitation for the upper extremity after stroke. IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering, 10(2):102–108.
Rozevink, S. G., van der Sluis, C. K., Garzo, A., Keller, T., e Hijmans, J. M. (2021). HoMEcare aRm rehabiLItatioN (MERLIN): Telerehabilitation using an unactuated device based on serious games improves the upper limb function in chronic stroke. Journal of Neuroengineering and Rehabilitation, 18(1):48.
Rüth, M., Schmelzer, M., Burtniak, K., e Kaspar, K. (2023). Commercial exergames for rehabilitation of physical health and quality of life: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials with adults in unsupervised home environments. Frontiers in Psychology, 14.
Tannús, J., Valentini, C., e Naves, E. (2026). AI-driven low-cost rehabilitation exergame as a lightweight framework for stroke assessment. npj Digital Medicine, 9(1):196.
Verheijden Klompstra, L., Jaarsma, T., e Strömberg, A. (2014). Exergaming in older adults: A scoping review and implementation potential for patients with heart failure. European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing, 13(5):388–398.
World Stroke Organization (2024). Impact of stroke. [link].
Publicado
29/09/2026
Como Citar
CUNHA, Yam Gomes da; DANTAS, Rummenigge Rudson.
A Modular Web-Based Framework for Inclusive Telerehabilitation and Faster Serious Game Development. In: TRILHA DE SAÚDE – ARTIGOS CURTOS - SIMPÓSIO BRASILEIRO DE JOGOS E ENTRETENIMENTO DIGITAL (SBGAMES), 25. , 2026, Goiânia/GO.
Anais [...].
Porto Alegre: Sociedade Brasileira de Computação,
2026
.
p. 518-525.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5753/sbgames_estendido.2026.26396.
