Gamificação como Estratégia no Engajamento de Estudantes do Ensino Fundamental
Resumo
Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo avaliar a efetividade da utilização de Gamificação como estratégia sobre o engajamento de alunos do 9º ano do ensino fundamental. Para tanto, foi realizado um estudo de campo com 61 alunos de uma escola pública. Foram utilizadas duas plataformas de recompensa – ClassDojo e ClassBadges – no intuito de analisar os efeitos da gamificação. Para a coleta de dados utilizou-se técnicas como: observação, entrevista semiestruturada e questionário. Os resultados foram tratados estatisticamente pela técnica multivariada conhecida como Análise de Conglomerados (Cluster). Foi possível classificar os alunos em 4 grupos e concluir que os alunos que obtiveram as melhores médias nos indicadores foram os que receberam mais recompensas do professor.
Palavras-chave:
Gamificação, Engajamento, Ensino Fundamental
Referências
Akey, T. M. School context, student attitudes and behavior, and academic achievement: An exploratory analysis. 2006. New York: MDRC.
Barnes, T.; Powell, E.; Chaffin, A.; Lipford, H. Game2Learn: improving the motivation of CS1 students. In Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Game Development in Computer Science Education (GDCSE '08). 2008. ACM, New York, NY, USA, 1-5.
Beer C.; Clark K.; Jones D. (2010) Indicators of engagement. In Curriculum, technology and transformation for an unknown future. Proceedings of ASCILITE Sydney 2010.
Bulger, M. E., Mayer, R. E., Almeroth, K. C., & Blau, S. D. (2008). Measuring Learner Engagement in Computer-Equipped College Classrooms. Journal of Educational Multimedia and Hypermedia, 17(2), 129-143.
Deterding, S; Dixon, D.; Khaled, R.; Nacke, L. From Game Design Elements to Gamefulness: Defining “Gamification”. MindTrek’11.2011.
Domínguez, A.; Saenz-de-Navarrete, J.; de-Marcos, L.; Fernández-Sanz, L.; Pagés, C.; Martínez-Herráiz, J.Gamifying learning experiences: Practical implications and outcomes, Computers & Education, Volume 63, April 2013, Pages 380-392.
Fredricks, J. A.; Blumenfeld P. C.; Paris A. H.School Engagement: Potential of the Concept, State of the Evidence. Review of Educational Research. Spring 2004, Vol. 74, No. 1, pp. 59-109.
Gibbs R.; Poskitt J. Student Engagement in the Middle Years of Schooling (Years 7-10): A Literature Review. 2010. Report to the Ministry of Education.
Hair, J. F.; Anderson, R. E.; Tatham, R. L.; Black, W. C. Análise Multivariada de Dados. trad. Adonai Schlup Sant'Anna e Anselmo Chaves Neto. - 5ªed. Porto Alegre: Bookman, 2005.
Hakulinen, L.; Auvinen, T.; Korhonen, A., Empirical Study on the Effect of Achievement Badges in TRAKLA2 Online Learning Environment. Learning and Teaching in Computing and Engineering (LaTiCE), 2013.
Johnson, W. L. Lessons learned from games for education. In ACM SIGGRAPH 2005 Educators program (SIGGRAPH '05), Patricia Beckmann-Wells (Ed.). ACM, New York, NY, USA, , Article 31.
Kapp, K. The Gamification of Learning and Instruction: Game-Based Methods and Strategies for Training and Education. 2012. San Francisco: Pfeiffer. ISBN: 978-1-118-09634-5.
LaNasa, S.M., Cabrera, A.F., & Trangsrud, H. (2009). The construct validity of student engagement: A confirmatory factor analysis approach. Research in Higher Education, 50, 315-332.
Lazzaro, N. Why We Play Games: Four Keys to More Emotion Without Story. Technical Report, XEODesign, Inc (2005).
Lee, J. J. ; Hammer, J. Gamification in Education: What, How, Why Bother? . 2011.
Libbey, H. P. Measuring Student Relationships to School: Attachment, Bonding, Connectedness, and Engagement. Journal of School Health. 2004. 74: 274–283
McGonigal, J. Reality Is Broken: Why Games Make Us Better and How They Can Change the World. Penguin, London, 2011.
Prensky, M. The motivation of gameplay: The real twenty-first century learning revolution. On the Horizon, Vol. 10. (2002) Iss: 1, pp.5 – 11.
Sagayadevan, V; Jeyaraj, S. The role of emotional engagement in lecturer-student interaction and the impact on academic outcomes of student achievement and learning. Journal of the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning, Vol. 12, No. 3, September 2012, pp. 1 – 30.
Sullivan P.; Mornane, A.; Prain, V.; Campbell, C.; Deed, C.; Drane, S.; Faulkner, M.; McDonough A.; Smith, C. (2009) Junior Secondary Students' Perceptions of Influences on Their Engagement with Schooling. Australian Journal of Education. 2009.
Zepke N.; Leach L.; Butler P. Student Engagement: What Is It and What Influences It?. Teaching & Learning Research Initiative. 2010.
Zichermann, G. ; Cunningham, C. Gamification by Design: Implementing Game Mechanics in Web and Mobile Apps. O’Reilly, Sebastopol, 2011.
Barnes, T.; Powell, E.; Chaffin, A.; Lipford, H. Game2Learn: improving the motivation of CS1 students. In Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Game Development in Computer Science Education (GDCSE '08). 2008. ACM, New York, NY, USA, 1-5.
Beer C.; Clark K.; Jones D. (2010) Indicators of engagement. In Curriculum, technology and transformation for an unknown future. Proceedings of ASCILITE Sydney 2010.
Bulger, M. E., Mayer, R. E., Almeroth, K. C., & Blau, S. D. (2008). Measuring Learner Engagement in Computer-Equipped College Classrooms. Journal of Educational Multimedia and Hypermedia, 17(2), 129-143.
Deterding, S; Dixon, D.; Khaled, R.; Nacke, L. From Game Design Elements to Gamefulness: Defining “Gamification”. MindTrek’11.2011.
Domínguez, A.; Saenz-de-Navarrete, J.; de-Marcos, L.; Fernández-Sanz, L.; Pagés, C.; Martínez-Herráiz, J.Gamifying learning experiences: Practical implications and outcomes, Computers & Education, Volume 63, April 2013, Pages 380-392.
Fredricks, J. A.; Blumenfeld P. C.; Paris A. H.School Engagement: Potential of the Concept, State of the Evidence. Review of Educational Research. Spring 2004, Vol. 74, No. 1, pp. 59-109.
Gibbs R.; Poskitt J. Student Engagement in the Middle Years of Schooling (Years 7-10): A Literature Review. 2010. Report to the Ministry of Education.
Hair, J. F.; Anderson, R. E.; Tatham, R. L.; Black, W. C. Análise Multivariada de Dados. trad. Adonai Schlup Sant'Anna e Anselmo Chaves Neto. - 5ªed. Porto Alegre: Bookman, 2005.
Hakulinen, L.; Auvinen, T.; Korhonen, A., Empirical Study on the Effect of Achievement Badges in TRAKLA2 Online Learning Environment. Learning and Teaching in Computing and Engineering (LaTiCE), 2013.
Johnson, W. L. Lessons learned from games for education. In ACM SIGGRAPH 2005 Educators program (SIGGRAPH '05), Patricia Beckmann-Wells (Ed.). ACM, New York, NY, USA, , Article 31.
Kapp, K. The Gamification of Learning and Instruction: Game-Based Methods and Strategies for Training and Education. 2012. San Francisco: Pfeiffer. ISBN: 978-1-118-09634-5.
LaNasa, S.M., Cabrera, A.F., & Trangsrud, H. (2009). The construct validity of student engagement: A confirmatory factor analysis approach. Research in Higher Education, 50, 315-332.
Lazzaro, N. Why We Play Games: Four Keys to More Emotion Without Story. Technical Report, XEODesign, Inc (2005).
Lee, J. J. ; Hammer, J. Gamification in Education: What, How, Why Bother? . 2011.
Libbey, H. P. Measuring Student Relationships to School: Attachment, Bonding, Connectedness, and Engagement. Journal of School Health. 2004. 74: 274–283
McGonigal, J. Reality Is Broken: Why Games Make Us Better and How They Can Change the World. Penguin, London, 2011.
Prensky, M. The motivation of gameplay: The real twenty-first century learning revolution. On the Horizon, Vol. 10. (2002) Iss: 1, pp.5 – 11.
Sagayadevan, V; Jeyaraj, S. The role of emotional engagement in lecturer-student interaction and the impact on academic outcomes of student achievement and learning. Journal of the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning, Vol. 12, No. 3, September 2012, pp. 1 – 30.
Sullivan P.; Mornane, A.; Prain, V.; Campbell, C.; Deed, C.; Drane, S.; Faulkner, M.; McDonough A.; Smith, C. (2009) Junior Secondary Students' Perceptions of Influences on Their Engagement with Schooling. Australian Journal of Education. 2009.
Zepke N.; Leach L.; Butler P. Student Engagement: What Is It and What Influences It?. Teaching & Learning Research Initiative. 2010.
Zichermann, G. ; Cunningham, C. Gamification by Design: Implementing Game Mechanics in Web and Mobile Apps. O’Reilly, Sebastopol, 2011.
Publicado
03/11/2014
Como Citar
SEIXAS, Luma da Rocha; GOMES, Alex Sandro; MELO FILHO, Ivanildo J.; RODRIGUES, Rodrigo Lins.
Gamificação como Estratégia no Engajamento de Estudantes do Ensino Fundamental. In: SIMPÓSIO BRASILEIRO DE INFORMÁTICA NA EDUCAÇÃO (SBIE), 25. , 2014, Dourados/MS.
Anais [...].
Porto Alegre: Sociedade Brasileira de Computação,
2014
.
p. 559-568.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5753/cbie.sbie.2014.559.
