A Cost-Aware Blockchain–IPFS Architecture for Provenance of Open Educational Resources in K–12 Education

• Daniel Ribeiro dos Santos Universidade de Brasília (UnB)
• Leticia Lopes Leite Universidade de Brasília (UnB)

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5753/sbie.2026.27519

Resumo

The reuse, adaptation, and remixing of Open Educational Resources (OER) require mechanisms that preserve attribution, licensing, and derivation history across repositories, schools, and informal sharing channels. This paper proposes a cost-aware blockchain–IPFS architecture for traceable OER publication in K-12 education contexts. In the proposed design, OER packages and provenance-rich manifests are stored in IPFS, while the blockchain records only a compact verification anchor derived from the package identifier. This separation allows authorship, licensing, revision, and remix relationships to remain bundled with the resource without moving descriptive metadata into smart-contract state. A prototype was implemented and evaluated through controlled blockchain and IPFS experiments, comparing the proposed minimal-anchor strategy with a literature-aligned metadata-on-chain baseline. The results show that the proposed architecture keeps blockchain registration cost predictable as the number of co-authors increases, while IPFS supports publication, revision, remixing, retrieval, and provenance reconstruction at the package layer. These findings indicate the use of blockchain as a compact trust layer and IPFS as a provenance-rich storage layer for collaborative OER ecosystems.

Palavras-chave: Blockchain, IPFS, Open Educational Resources

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