Características da adoção de software de código aberto: Um estudo sobre o setor de tecnologia da informação de Minas Gerais
Resumo
Apesar da crescente importância estratégica das tecnologias envolvendo software de código aberto (SCA), as empresas enfrentam dificuldades e desafios no desenvolvimento de estratégias para adoção, pois são diversos os fatores que devem ser tratados. O arcabouço TOE-Technology, Organization and Environment foi utilizado na elaboração de um modelo para estudar a influência dos fatores considerados pelas empresas de TI de Minas Gerais na adoção de SCA, especificamente na forma de adoção e modelo de negócio. A coleta dos dados foi feita por questionário, aplicado como survey eletrônico junto aos profissionais de empresas de TI em Minas Gerais. A partir dos dados coletados o modelo proposto foi validado com auxílio da modelagem de equa- ções estruturais. O resultado indicou que os três grupos de fatores exercem influência significativa na forma de adoção, sendo que os organizacionais e tecnológicos apresentaram maior efeito. Para os modelos de negócio, somente os fatores ambientais apresentaram influência. O fator tecnológico apontado como maior influenciador foi "Redução de custos de hardware e software com a implantação da tecnologia". Já entre os fatores organizacionais, o maior influenciador foi "Flexibilidade da atual infraestrutura de TI". Por fim, entre os fatores ambientais o item que exerce maior influência foi "Relatos de histórias de sucesso do uso da tecnologia". No cenário das empresas de TI de MG, verificou-se a adoção de SCA para o desenvolvimento de softwares, seja pelo uso de componentes de SCA em produtos de software ou pelo uso de ferramentas de desenvolvimento que são SCA.
Palavras-chave:
Software de código aberto, Adoção de tecnologia, Arcabouço TOE, Empresa de tecnologia da informação
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S. Rusovan, M. Lawford, and D. L. Parnas. Open source software development: future or fad? Perspectives on Free and Open Source Software, pages 107–122, 2005.
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T. Wichmann. Use of open source software in firms and public institutions evidence from Germany, Sweden and UK. Technical Report July, Berlecon Research, Berlin, Germany, 2002.
W. H. M. Theunissen, A. Boake, and D. G. Kourie. A preliminary investigation of the impact of open source software on telecommunication software development. In Proceedings of the Southern African
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A. Røsdal. A survey of industrial involvement in open source. Master of science in computer science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 2006.
B. Fitzgerald. The Transformation of Open Source Software. MIS Quarterly, 30(3):587–598, 2006.
C. Ayala, D. S. Cruzes, O. y. Hauge, and R. Conradi. Five Facts on the Adoption of Open Source Software. Software, 28(2):95–99, 2011.
C. May. The FLOSS alternative: TRIPs, non-proprietary software and development. Knowledge, Technology & Policy, 18(4):142–163, dez 2006.
C. Taurion. Open Source Software: evolução e tendências, 2011.
D. Spinellis and V. Giannikas. Organizational adoption of open source software. The Journal of Systems and Software, 85(3):666–682, 2012.
E. Glynn, B. Fitzgerald, and C. Exton. Commercial adoption of open source software: an empirical study. In International Symposium on Empirical Software Engineering, pages 225–234, Noosa Heads, 2005. IEEE.
E. S. Raymond. The Magic Cauldron. O’Reilly Media, Sebastopol, CA, 1999.
E. W. Bernroider and P. Schmöllerl. A technological, organisational, and environmental analysis of decision making methodologies and satisfaction in the context of IT induced business transformations. European Journal of Operational Research, 224(1):141–153, Jan. 2013.
F. J. Mata, W. L. Fuerst, and J. B. Barney. Information technology and sustained competitive advantage: a resource-based analysis. MIS Quarterly, pages 487–505, December 1995.
F. V. D. Linden, B. Lundell, and P. Marttiin. Commodification of Industrial Software: a case for open source. IEEE Software, pages 77–83, 2009.
G. Camara and F. Fonseca. Information policies and open source software in developing countries. Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, 58(1):121–132, 2007.
G. F. Lichand, E. H. Diniz, and T. P. Christopoulos. A catedral, o bazar e o condomínio: Um ensaio sobre o modelo de negócio do software livre. Revista de Gestão USP, 15(1):99–113, 2008.
G. Miscione and K. Johnston. Free and Open Source Software in developing contexts: From open in principle to open in the consequences. Journal of Information, Communication and Ethics in Society, 8(1):42–56, 2010.
I. Chengalur-Smith, S. Nevo, and P. Demertzoglou. An empirical analysis of the business value of open source infrastructure technologies. Journal of the Association for Information Systems, 11(11):708–729, 2010.
J. Ellis and J.-P. V. Belle. Open source software adoption by South African MSEs: barriers and enablers. In Proceedings of the 2009 Annual Conference of the Southern African Computer Lecturers’ Association, pages 41–49, New York, 2009. ACM.
J. Holck, M. Pedersen, and M. Larsens. Open source software acquisition: Beyond the business case. In European Conference on Information Systems, Regensburg, 2005. AIS.
J. S. F. d. Silva. Modelagem de equações estruturais: Apresentação de uma metodologia. Mestrado em engenharia de produ cão, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Escola de Engenharia. Programa de Pós-Gradua cão em Engenharia de Produ cão., 2006.
J. West, J. Dedrick, and B. Place. The effect of computerization movements upon organizational adoption of open source. In Social Informatics Workshop, pages 1–30, Irvine, California, 2005.
J. West. How open is open enough? Research Policy, 32(7):1259–1285, July 2003.
K. X. Zhu and Z. Z. Zhou. Lock-In Strategy in Software Competition: Open-Source Software vs. Proprietary Software. Information Systems Research, 23(2):536–545, June 2011.
L. G. Carvalho and F. S. Parreiras. Adoção de software de código aberto: uma revisão sistemática da literatura. In X Simpósio Brasileiro de Sistemas de Informação, pages 518–529, Londrina, 2014. UEL.
L. G. Tornatzky and M. Fleischer. The processes of technological innovation. Lexington Books, New York, 1990.
L. Moolman. A characterisation of Open Source Software adoption decisions in South African organisations. Masters of business administration, University of Stellenbosch, 2011.
M. Bosch-Rekveldt, Y. Jongkind, H. Mooi, H. Bakker, and A. Verbraeck. Grasping project complexity in large engineering projects: The TOE (Technical, Organizational and Environmental) framework. International Journal of Project Management, 29(6):728–739, Aug. 2011.
M. Driver and et al. Hype Cycle for Open-Source Software. Technical Report July, Stamford, CT:Gartner, 2009.
N. K. Malhotra. Pesquisa de marketing: uma orienta cão aplicada. Bookman, Porto Alegre, 6 edition, 2012.
Ø. Hauge, C.-F. Sørensen, and R. Conradi. Adoption of open source in the software industry. In Open Source Development, Communities and Quality, pages 211–221. Springer, New York, 2008.
Ø. Hauge. Open Source Software in Software Intensive Industry - A Survey. Master of science in computer science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 2007.
R. Stallman. The GNU Operating System and the Free Software Movement. In Open Sources: Voices from the Open Source Revolution, page 280. O’Reilly & Associates Inc, 1 edition, 1999.
S. A. Ajila and D. Wu. Empirical study of the effects of open source adoption on software development economics. Journal of Systems and Software, 80(9):1517–1529, 2007.
S. Goode. Something for nothing: management rejection of open source software in Australia’s top firms. Information & Management, 42(5):669–681, July 2005.
S. Nauta. Investigating Project Complexity at NXP Semiconductors B.V. An exploratory study based on the TOE framework. Management of technology, Delft University of Technology, 2011.
S. Rusovan, M. Lawford, and D. L. Parnas. Open source software development: future or fad? Perspectives on Free and Open Source Software, pages 107–122, 2005.
S. Ziemer, Ø. Hauge, T. Østerlie, and J. Lindman. Understanding Open Source in an Industrial Context. In IEEE International Conference on Signal Image Technology and Internet Based Systems, number 7491, pages 539–546, Los Alamitos, CA, Nov. 2008. IEEE Computer Society.
Softex. O impacto do software livre de código aberto na indústria de software do brasil, 2005.
Softex. Tic brasileira: Ibss em nível regional, 2014.
T. E. Yoon and J. F. George. Why aren’t organizations adopting virtual worlds? Computers in Human Behavior, 29(3):772–790, May 2013.
T. Wichmann. Use of open source software in firms and public institutions evidence from Germany, Sweden and UK. Technical Report July, Berlecon Research, Berlin, Germany, 2002.
W. H. M. Theunissen, A. Boake, and D. G. Kourie. A preliminary investigation of the impact of open source software on telecommunication software development. In Proceedings of the Southern African
Telecommunication Networks and Applications Conference, Western Cape, South Africa, 2004. SATNAC.
X. Franch, A. Susi, M. C. Annosi, C. Ayala, R. Glott, D. Gross, R. Kenett, F. Mancinelli, C. T. Pop Ramsamy, D. Ameller, et al. Managing risk in open source software adoption. In 8th International Joint Conference on Software Technologies, pages 258–264, Reykjavík, Iceland, 2013. SciTePress.
Publicado
26/05/2015
Como Citar
CARVALHO, Luciana; GOMES, Orlando; PARREIRAS, Fernando.
Características da adoção de software de código aberto: Um estudo sobre o setor de tecnologia da informação de Minas Gerais. In: SIMPÓSIO BRASILEIRO DE SISTEMAS DE INFORMAÇÃO (SBSI), 11. , 2015, Goiânia.
Anais [...].
Porto Alegre: Sociedade Brasileira de Computação,
2015
.
p. 371-378.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5753/sbsi.2015.5839.
