Evaluating a Requirements Engineering Framework for Serious Games for Health
Resumo
The development of Serious Games for Health (SGH) requires balancing playful engagement with clinical effectiveness. However, many approaches rely on ad hoc practices that lack governance, traceability, and integration between clinical knowledge and game design. This paper evaluates a Requirements Engineering (RE) framework designed to support SGH development by translating clinical needs into auditable and traceable technical specifications. The framework is based on the People-Processes-Products triad and integrates RE practices with process maturity. We conducted a case study involving adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) supported by a multidisciplinary team to evaluate the framework in practice. The process employs a Requirements Traceability Matrix (RTM) to connect clinical rules, implementation decisions, and individualized Key Performance Indicators (KPIs). The results indicate that the framework supports the systematic translation of clinical requirements into implemented game mechanics while preserving traceability throughout the development process. The use of structured artifacts, including the RTM and ScriptableObjects, enables traceability across development stages, supports the analysis of implementation decisions in relation to clinical objectives, and facilitates communication among multidisciplinary stakeholders. The findings provide evidence of the framework’s applicability and suggest that traceability mechanisms contribute to a more structured and repeatable development process for serious games.
Palavras-chave:
Requirements Engineering, Serious Games for Health, Case Study, Autism Spectrum Disorder
Referências
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Bruna Barbosa, Carlos Souza, Halleffy Santos, Luciana Berretta, and Sérgio Carvalho. 2026. From Clinical Requirements to Game Mechanics: A Requirements Engineering Framework for Serious Games for Health. In Anais do XXVI Simpósio Brasileiro de Computação Aplicada à Saúde (Ouro Preto/MG). SBC, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil, 705–716. DOI: 10.5753/sbcas.2026.21474
Bruna Barbosa, Carlos Henrique Rorato Souza, Halleffy Santos, Sergio T. Carvalho, and Luciana O. Berretta. 2026. The Role of Software Engineering in the Development of Serious Games for Health: A Systematic Literature Review. In Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Serious Games and Applications for Health (SeGAH). To appear.
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Polona Caserman, Katrin Hoffmann, Philipp Müller, Marcel Schaub, Katharina Straßburg, Josef Wiemeyer, Regina Bruder, and Stefan Göbel. 2020. Quality Criteria for Serious Games: Serious Part, Game Part, and Balance. JMIR Serious Games 8, 3 (July 2020), e19037. DOI: 10.2196/19037
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Michael C Robertson, Tom Baranowski, Debbe Thompson, Karen M Basen-Engquist, Maria Chang Swartz, and Elizabeth J Lyons. 2021. Using the Behaviour Change Wheel Program Planning Model to Design Games for Health: Development Study. JMIR Serious Games 9, 4 (Dec. 2021), e29964. DOI: 10.2196/29964
Bill Roungas. 2021. A Game Design Framework for Alleviating Negative Emotions of Cancer Patients. In 2021 IEEE 9th International Conference on Serious Games and Applications for Health(SeGAH). IEEE, Dubai, United Arab Emirates, 1–8. DOI: 10.1109/SEGAH52098.2021.9551911
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Gary Ushaw, Janet Eyre, and Graham Morgan. 2017. A paradigm for the development of serious games for health as benefit delivery systems. In 2017 IEEE 5th International Conference on Serious Games and Applications for Health (SeGAH). 1–8. DOI: 10.1109/SeGAH.2017.7939264
Marcelo Vasconcellos and Flávia Carvalho. 2023. “GDD-Sério”: uma Proposta de Game Design Document (GDD) para desenvolvimento de jogos sérios. In Anais Estendidos do XXII Simpósio Brasileiro de Jogos e Entretenimento Digital (Rio Grande/RS). SBC, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil, 169–178. DOI: 10.5753/sbgames_estendido.2023.233261
Karl Wiegers and Joy Beatty. 2013. Software Requirements (3rd ed.). Microsoft Press.
Dai-Jie Yang, Meng-Yao Lu, Chi-Wen Chen, Pei-Ching Liu, and I-Ching Hou. 2022. Development of a Therapeutic Video Game With the MDA Framework to Decrease Anxiety in Preschool-Aged Children With Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: Mixed Methods Approach. JMIR Serious Games 10, 3 (2022), e37079. DOI: 10.2196/37079
Zhaoyi Yang, Pengcheng An, Jinchen Yang, Samuel Strojny, Zihui Zhang, Dongsheng Sun, and Jian Zhao. 2021. Designing Mobile EEG Neurofeedback Games for Children with Autism. Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA. DOI: 10.1145/3447527.3477522
Jorge Fernando Ambros-Antemate, María Del Pilar Beristain-Colorado, Marciano Vargas-Treviño, Jaime Gutiérrez-Gutiérrez, Pedro Antonio Hernández-Cruz, Itandehui Belem Gallegos-Velasco, and Adriana Moreno-Rodríguez. 2021. Software Engineering Frameworks Used for Serious Games Development in Physical Rehabilitation: Systematic Review. JMIR Serious Games 9, 4 (11 Nov 2021), e25831. DOI: 10.2196/25831
Bruna Barbosa, Marcos W. Ribeiro, Luciana Berretta, and Sergio Carvalho. 2024. DiagnosTEA: a digital game as a tool for the diagnosis/therapy of Autism Spectrum Disorder. In Anais do XXIII Simpósio Brasileiro de Jogos e Entretenimento Digital (Manaus/AM). SBC, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil, 1707–1718. DOI: 10.5753/sbgames.2024.241241
Bruna Barbosa, Carlos Souza, Halleffy Santos, Luciana Berretta, and Sérgio Carvalho. 2026. From Clinical Requirements to Game Mechanics: A Requirements Engineering Framework for Serious Games for Health. In Anais do XXVI Simpósio Brasileiro de Computação Aplicada à Saúde (Ouro Preto/MG). SBC, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil, 705–716. DOI: 10.5753/sbcas.2026.21474
Bruna Barbosa, Carlos Henrique Rorato Souza, Halleffy Santos, Sergio T. Carvalho, and Luciana O. Berretta. 2026. The Role of Software Engineering in the Development of Serious Games for Health: A Systematic Literature Review. In Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Serious Games and Applications for Health (SeGAH). To appear.
Stéphanie Carlier, Vince Naessens, Femke De Backere, and Filip De Turck. 2023. A Software Engineering Framework for Reusable Design of Personalized Serious Games for Health: Development Study. JMIR Serious Games 11 (March 2023), e40054. DOI: 10.2196/40054
Polona Caserman, Katrin Hoffmann, Philipp Müller, Marcel Schaub, Katharina Straßburg, Josef Wiemeyer, Regina Bruder, and Stefan Göbel. 2020. Quality Criteria for Serious Games: Serious Part, Game Part, and Balance. JMIR Serious Games 8, 3 (July 2020), e19037. DOI: 10.2196/19037
David Fang, Eliana Silva, and Luís Paulo Reis. 2025. Designing Serious Games to Support Teachers’ Emotion Regulation: A Systematic Review. In 2025 IEEE Conference on Serious Games and Applications for Health (SeGAH). IEEE, Manchester, United Kingdom, 1–6. DOI: 10.1109/SeGAH65397.2025.11168429
Raluca Ionela Maxim and Joan Arnedo-Moreno. 2025. Identifying Key Principles and Commonalities in Digital Serious Game Design Frameworks: Scoping Review. JMIR Serious Games 13 (March 2025), e54075. DOI: 10.2196/54075
Bárbara Ramalho, Marta Vicente, Hugo Escobar, Sandra Gama, José Diniz, Vasilis Charisis, Leontios Hajileontiadis, and Sofia Dias. 2024. Developing Sensorimotor Art Games for Psoriatic Arthritis using Agile Storyboarding and Game Co-Design Processes. In Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Software Development and Technologies for Enhancing Accessibility and Fighting Info-exclusion. ACM, Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates, 260–267. DOI: 10.1145/3696593.3696603
Douwe Ravers, Dmitry Alexandrovsky, Mari Naaris, Marco J. Konings, Elegast Monbaliu, Hans Hallez, and Kathrin Gerling. 2025. RollAbility: A Case Study of Aligning the Design of Game-Based Wheelchair Skills Training with Clinical Protocols and Player Experience Goals. Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction 9, 6 (Oct. 2025), 756–785. DOI: 10.1145/3748621
Michael C Robertson, Tom Baranowski, Debbe Thompson, Karen M Basen-Engquist, Maria Chang Swartz, and Elizabeth J Lyons. 2021. Using the Behaviour Change Wheel Program Planning Model to Design Games for Health: Development Study. JMIR Serious Games 9, 4 (Dec. 2021), e29964. DOI: 10.2196/29964
Bill Roungas. 2021. A Game Design Framework for Alleviating Negative Emotions of Cancer Patients. In 2021 IEEE 9th International Conference on Serious Games and Applications for Health(SeGAH). IEEE, Dubai, United Arab Emirates, 1–8. DOI: 10.1109/SEGAH52098.2021.9551911
Emmanuel Gomes De Souza, Tadeu Moreira De Classe, and Ronney Moreira De Castro. 2023. CaSEJ: Game Design Canvas para Brainstorming de Jogos para Saúde. In Anais Estendidos do XXII Simpósio Brasileiro de Jogos e Entretenimento Digital (SBGames Estendido 2023). Sociedade Brasileira de Computação, Brasil, 1223–1234. DOI: 10.5753/sbgames_estendido.2023.233288
André Bonetto Trindade, Gabriel Brunelli Pereira, and Marcelo Da Silva Hounsell. 2022. Requisitos para Jogos Sérios Ativos em Chão Interativo para o Público Autista. In Anais Estendidos do XXI Simpósio Brasileiro de Jogos e Entretenimento Digital (SBGames Estendido 2022). SBC, 542–551. DOI: 10.5753/sbgames_estendido.2022.224921
Gary Ushaw, Janet Eyre, and Graham Morgan. 2017. A paradigm for the development of serious games for health as benefit delivery systems. In 2017 IEEE 5th International Conference on Serious Games and Applications for Health (SeGAH). 1–8. DOI: 10.1109/SeGAH.2017.7939264
Marcelo Vasconcellos and Flávia Carvalho. 2023. “GDD-Sério”: uma Proposta de Game Design Document (GDD) para desenvolvimento de jogos sérios. In Anais Estendidos do XXII Simpósio Brasileiro de Jogos e Entretenimento Digital (Rio Grande/RS). SBC, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil, 169–178. DOI: 10.5753/sbgames_estendido.2023.233261
Karl Wiegers and Joy Beatty. 2013. Software Requirements (3rd ed.). Microsoft Press.
Dai-Jie Yang, Meng-Yao Lu, Chi-Wen Chen, Pei-Ching Liu, and I-Ching Hou. 2022. Development of a Therapeutic Video Game With the MDA Framework to Decrease Anxiety in Preschool-Aged Children With Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: Mixed Methods Approach. JMIR Serious Games 10, 3 (2022), e37079. DOI: 10.2196/37079
Zhaoyi Yang, Pengcheng An, Jinchen Yang, Samuel Strojny, Zihui Zhang, Dongsheng Sun, and Jian Zhao. 2021. Designing Mobile EEG Neurofeedback Games for Children with Autism. Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA. DOI: 10.1145/3447527.3477522
Publicado
08/09/2026
Como Citar
BARBOSA, Bruna M.; SOUZA, Carlos Henrique R.; SANTOS, Halleffy H. Reis; SILVA, Pedro M. R. G.; BERRETTA, Luciana O.; CARVALHO, Sergio T..
Evaluating a Requirements Engineering Framework for Serious Games for Health. In: WORKSHOP SOBRE ENGENHARIA DE SOFTWARE PARA DESENVOLVIMENTO DE JOGOS (SE4GAMES), 2. , 2026, São Paulo/SP.
Anais [...].
Porto Alegre: Sociedade Brasileira de Computação,
2026
.
p. 24-31.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5753/se4games.2026.32898.