Face Recognition Using LBP on an Image Transformation Based on Complex Network Degrees
Resumo
Automated visual face recognition involves acquiring descriptive features from the image. Local Binary Patterns (LBP) is a powerful method to that end, capably characterizing local features. An crucial limitation of LBP, however, is that the feature vector's size becomes unmanageable when the method employed on even moderately large regions. In order to describe larger scale features, this work proposes a descriptor based on applying the LBP histogram applied to an image transformation based on node degree data derived from a complex network representation of the original image. The complex network generation heuristic and parameters are discussed. The complex network representation is shown to be able to condense larger scale image patterns into a local value that can be handled by LBP. LBP applied to this image transformation yields results that outperform LBP. We validate our proposed approach by applying our method to a face recognition task using three challenging databases. Results demonstrate that, for a large enough complex network generation radius, our method consistently outperforms LBP, while using a feature vector of the same size.
Palavras-chave:
texture recognition, local binary patterns, complex networks
Referências
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L. N. Couto A. R. Backes C. A. Barcelos "Texture characterization via deterministic walks direction histogram applied to a complex network-based image transformation" Pattern Recognition Letters vol. 97 pp. 77-83 2017.
A. R. Backes O. M. Bruno "Shape classification using complex network and multi-scale fractal dimension" Pattern Recognition Letters vol. 31 no. 1 pp. 44-51 2010.
A. B. de Oliveira P. R. da Silva D. A. C. Barone "A novel 2d shape signature method based on complex network spectrum" Pattern Recognition Letters vol. 63 pp. 43-49 2015.
T. Ojala M. Pietikäinen T. Maenpaa "Multiresolution gray-scale and rotation invariant texture classification with local binary patterns" Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence IEEE Transactions on vol. 24 no. 7 pp. 971-987 2002.
X. Li W. Hu Z. Zhang H. Wang "Heat kernel based local binary pattern for face representation" IEEE Signal Processing Letters vol. 17 no. 3 pp. 308-2009.
X. Tan W. Triggs "Enhanced local texture feature sets for face recognition under difficult lighting conditions" IEEE transactions on image processing vol. 19 no. 6 pp. 1635-12010.
L. Ji Y. Ren X. Pu G. Liu "Median local ternary patterns optimized with rotation-invariant uniform-three mapping for noisy texture classification" Pattern Recognition vol. 79 pp. 387-2018.
A. R. Backes D. Casanova O. M. Bruno "Texture analysis and classification: A complex network-based approach" Inf. Sci. vol. pp. 168-2013.
M. Newman A.-L. Barabasi D. J. Watts The structure and dynamics of networks Princeton University Press vol. 12 2011.
H. Tamura S. Mori T. Yamawaki "Textural features corresponding to visual perception" Systems Man and Cybernetics IEEE Transactions on vol. 8 no. 6 pp. 460-1978.
M. Hájek "Texture analysis for magnetic resonance imaging" Texture Analysis Magn Resona 2006.
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M. Lyons S. Akamatsu M. Kamachi J. Gyoba "Coding facial expressions with gabor wavelets" Proceedings Third IEEE international conference on automatic face and gesture recognition pp. 200-1998.
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M. Rosvall C. T. Bergstrom "Maps of random walks on complex networks reveal community structure" Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences vol. no. 4 pp. 1118-12008.
R. Milo S. Shen-Orr S. Itzkovitz N. Kashtan D. Chklovskii U. Alon "Network motifs: simple building blocks of complex networks" Science vol. no. 5pp. 824-2002.
G. V. de Lima T. R. Castilho P. H. Bugatti P. T. Saito F. M. Lopes "A complex network-based approach to the analysis and classification of images" in Iberoamerican Congress on Pattern Recognition Springer pp. 322-2015.
L. Nanni A. Lumini S. Brahnam "Survey on lbp based texture descriptors for image classification" Expert Systems with Applications vol. 39 no. 3 pp. 3634-32012.
T. Ahonen A. Hadid M. Pietikainen "Face description with local binary patterns: Application to face recognition" IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis & Machine Intelligence no. 12 pp. 2037-2041 2006.
D. Huang C. Shan M. Ardabilian Y. Wang L. Chen "Local binary patterns and its application to facial image analysis: a survey" IEEE Transactions on Systems Man and Cybernetics Part C (Applications and Reviews) vol. 41 no. 6 pp. 765-2011.
M. Pietikäinen G. Zhao "Two decades of local binary patterns: A survey" Advances in independent component analysis and learning machines. Elsevier pp. 175-2015.
S. Liao X. Zhu Z. Lei L. Zhang S. Z. Li "Learning multiscale block local binary patterns for face recognition" International Conference on Biometrics pp. 828-2007.
L. F. Costa F. A. Rodrigues G. Travieso P. R. V. Boas "Charac-terization of complex networks: A survey of measurements" Advances in Physics vol. 56 no. 1 pp. 167-2007.
A. R. Backes O. M. Bruno M. G. Campiteli A. S. Martinez "Deterministic tourist walks as an image analysis methodology based" Progress in Pattern Recognition Image Analysis and Applications ser. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer Berlin Heidelberg vol. 4pp. 784-2006.
A. R. Backes A. S. Martinez O. M. Bruno "Texture analysis based on maximum contrast walker" Pattern Recognition Letters vol. 31 no. 12 pp. 1701-12010.
A. R. Backes A. S. Martinez O. M. Bruno "Texture analysis based on maximum contrast walker" Pattern Recognition Letters vol. 31 no. 12 pp. 1701-12010.
L. N. Couto T. P. Ribeiro A. R. Backes C. A. Z. Barcelos "Texture characterization via improved deterministic walks on image-generated complex network" Image Processing (ICIP) 2015 IEEE International Conference on pp. 4416-42015.
L. N. Couto A. R. Backes C. A. Barcelos "Texture characterization via deterministic walks direction histogram applied to a complex network-based image transformation" Pattern Recognition Letters vol. 97 pp. 77-83 2017.
A. R. Backes O. M. Bruno "Shape classification using complex network and multi-scale fractal dimension" Pattern Recognition Letters vol. 31 no. 1 pp. 44-51 2010.
A. B. de Oliveira P. R. da Silva D. A. C. Barone "A novel 2d shape signature method based on complex network spectrum" Pattern Recognition Letters vol. 63 pp. 43-49 2015.
T. Ojala M. Pietikäinen T. Maenpaa "Multiresolution gray-scale and rotation invariant texture classification with local binary patterns" Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence IEEE Transactions on vol. 24 no. 7 pp. 971-987 2002.
X. Li W. Hu Z. Zhang H. Wang "Heat kernel based local binary pattern for face representation" IEEE Signal Processing Letters vol. 17 no. 3 pp. 308-2009.
X. Tan W. Triggs "Enhanced local texture feature sets for face recognition under difficult lighting conditions" IEEE transactions on image processing vol. 19 no. 6 pp. 1635-12010.
L. Ji Y. Ren X. Pu G. Liu "Median local ternary patterns optimized with rotation-invariant uniform-three mapping for noisy texture classification" Pattern Recognition vol. 79 pp. 387-2018.
A. R. Backes D. Casanova O. M. Bruno "Texture analysis and classification: A complex network-based approach" Inf. Sci. vol. pp. 168-2013.
M. Newman A.-L. Barabasi D. J. Watts The structure and dynamics of networks Princeton University Press vol. 12 2011.
H. Tamura S. Mori T. Yamawaki "Textural features corresponding to visual perception" Systems Man and Cybernetics IEEE Transactions on vol. 8 no. 6 pp. 460-1978.
M. Hájek "Texture analysis for magnetic resonance imaging" Texture Analysis Magn Resona 2006.
K. I. Laws Textured image segmentation 1980.
M. Lyons S. Akamatsu M. Kamachi J. Gyoba "Coding facial expressions with gabor wavelets" Proceedings Third IEEE international conference on automatic face and gesture recognition pp. 200-1998.
P. N. Belhumeur J. P. Hespanha D. J. Kriegman "Eigenfaces vs. fisherfaces: Recognition using class specific linear projection" IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis & Machine Intelligence no. 7 pp. 711-1997.
L. Liu S. Lao P. W. Fieguth Y. Guo X. Wang M. Pietikäinen "Median robust extended local binary pattern for texture classification" IEEE Transactions on Image Processing vol. 25 no. 3 pp. 1368-12016.
M. Rosvall C. T. Bergstrom "Maps of random walks on complex networks reveal community structure" Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences vol. no. 4 pp. 1118-12008.
R. Milo S. Shen-Orr S. Itzkovitz N. Kashtan D. Chklovskii U. Alon "Network motifs: simple building blocks of complex networks" Science vol. no. 5pp. 824-2002.
G. V. de Lima T. R. Castilho P. H. Bugatti P. T. Saito F. M. Lopes "A complex network-based approach to the analysis and classification of images" in Iberoamerican Congress on Pattern Recognition Springer pp. 322-2015.
Publicado
28/10/2019
Como Citar
DA COSTA, Murilo; COUTO, Cynthia; COUTO, Leandro N. .
Face Recognition Using LBP on an Image Transformation Based on Complex Network Degrees. In: CONFERENCE ON GRAPHICS, PATTERNS AND IMAGES (SIBGRAPI), 32. , 2019, Rio de Janeiro.
Anais [...].
Porto Alegre: Sociedade Brasileira de Computação,
2019
.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5753/sibgrapi.2019.9807.
