Otimização de Aplicações Paralelas em Aceleradores Vetoriais NEC SX-Aurora
Resumo
Aceleradores vetoriais, por conta do modo que foram projetados, favorecem a execução de um mesmo conjunto de instruções sobre múltiplos dados, aumentando o desempenho de aplicações reais, como previsão do tempo e prospecção de petróleo. Neste trabalho, avaliamos o desempenho de aplicações paralelas executadas na arquitetura NEC SX-Aurora. Para tanto, foram utilizados como estudo de caso, o benchmark NAS e uma aplicação real de migração sísmica, utilizada pela indústria de petróleo e gás. Resultados experimentais mostraram que as técnicas de otimização loop unrolling e inlining, melhoraram o desempenho do benchmark NAS em até 7, 8× e da aplicação real de migração sísmica em até 1, 9×, em comparação com o desempenho das versões originais.Referências
Bailey, D. H., Barszcz, E., Barton, J. T., Browning, D. S., Carter, R. L., Dagum, L., Fatoohi, R. A., Frederickson, P. O., Lasinski, T. A., Schreiber, R. S., et al. (1991). The nas parallel benchmarks. The International Journal of Supercomputing Applications, 5(3):63–73.
Castro, M., Francesquini, E., Dupros, F., Aochi, H., Navaux, P. O., and Mehaut, J.-F. (2016). Seismic wave propagation simulations on low-power and performance-centric manycores. Parallel Computing, 54:108–120.
da Silva, S. A., da Silva Serpa, M., and Schepke, C. (2016). Técnicas de otimização loop unrolling e loop tiling em multiplicações de matrizes utilizando openmp. In Workshop de Iniciação Cientíca do WSCAD, pages 13–18.
Ezell, S. J. and Atkinson, R. D. (2016). The vital importance of high-performance computing to us competitiveness. Information Technology and Innovation Foundation, April, 28.
Fletcher, R. P., Du, X., and Fowler, P. J. (2009). Reverse time migration in tilted transversely isotropic (tti) media. Geophysics, 74(6):WCA179–WCA187.
Fowler, P. J., Du, X., and Fletcher, R. P. (2010). Coupled equations for reverse time migration in transversely isotropic media. Geophysics, 75(1):S11–S22.
Jacquelin, M., Marchal, L., and Robert, Y. (2009). Complexity analysis and performance evaluation of matrix product on multicore architectures. In 2009 International Conference on Parallel Processing, pages 196–203. IEEE.
Komatsu, K., Momose, S., Isobe, Y., Watanabe, O., Musa, A., Yokokawa, M., Aoyama, T., Sato, M., and Kobayashi, H. (2018). Performance evaluation of a vector supercomputer sx-aurora tsubasa. In SC18: International Conference for High Performance Computing, Networking, Storage and Analysis, pages 685–696. IEEE.
Kowarschik, M. and Weiß, C. (2003). An overview of cache optimization techniques and cache-aware numerical algorithms. In Algorithms for memory hierarchies, pages 213–232. Springer.
Mittal, S. and Vetter, J. S. (2015). A survey of cpu-gpu heterogeneous computing techniques. ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR), 47(4):1–35.
NEC (2020a). How to use c/c++ compiler for vector engine. https://www.hpc. nec/api/v1/forum/file/download?id=pgNh9b. Acessado em: 08/2020.
NEC (2020b). How to use fortran compiler for vector engine. https://www.hpc. nec/api/v1/forum/file/download?id=pRdhmv. Acessado em: 08/2020.
NEC (2020c). Proginf/ftrace user's guide. https://www.hpc.nec/documents/ sdk/pdfs/g2at03e-PROGINF_FTRACE_User_Guide_en.pdf. Acessado em: 08/2020.
NEC (2020d). Sx-aurora tsubasa a100-1 series user's guide. https://www.hpc. nec/documents/guide/pdfs/A100-1_series_users_guide.pdf. Acessado em: 08/2020.
Serpa, M. S., Cruz, E. H., Diener, M., Krause, A. M., Farrés, A., Rosas, C., Panetta, J., Hanzich, M., and Navaux, P. O. (2017). Strategies to improve the performance of a geophysics model for different manycore systems. In 2017 International Symposium on Computer Architecture and High Performance Computing Workshops (SBAC-PADW), pages 49–54. IEEE.
Yokokawa, M., Nakai, A., Komatsu, K., Watanabe, Y., Masaoka, Y., Isobe, Y., and Kobayashi, H. (2020). I/o performance of the sx-aurora tsubasa. In 2020 IEEE International Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium Workshops (IPDPSW), pages 27–35. IEEE.
Zhou, H.-W., Hu, H., Zou, Z., Wo, Y., and Youn, O. (2018). Reverse time migration: A prospect of seismic imaging methodology. Earth-Science Reviews, 179:207–227.
Castro, M., Francesquini, E., Dupros, F., Aochi, H., Navaux, P. O., and Mehaut, J.-F. (2016). Seismic wave propagation simulations on low-power and performance-centric manycores. Parallel Computing, 54:108–120.
da Silva, S. A., da Silva Serpa, M., and Schepke, C. (2016). Técnicas de otimização loop unrolling e loop tiling em multiplicações de matrizes utilizando openmp. In Workshop de Iniciação Cientíca do WSCAD, pages 13–18.
Ezell, S. J. and Atkinson, R. D. (2016). The vital importance of high-performance computing to us competitiveness. Information Technology and Innovation Foundation, April, 28.
Fletcher, R. P., Du, X., and Fowler, P. J. (2009). Reverse time migration in tilted transversely isotropic (tti) media. Geophysics, 74(6):WCA179–WCA187.
Fowler, P. J., Du, X., and Fletcher, R. P. (2010). Coupled equations for reverse time migration in transversely isotropic media. Geophysics, 75(1):S11–S22.
Jacquelin, M., Marchal, L., and Robert, Y. (2009). Complexity analysis and performance evaluation of matrix product on multicore architectures. In 2009 International Conference on Parallel Processing, pages 196–203. IEEE.
Komatsu, K., Momose, S., Isobe, Y., Watanabe, O., Musa, A., Yokokawa, M., Aoyama, T., Sato, M., and Kobayashi, H. (2018). Performance evaluation of a vector supercomputer sx-aurora tsubasa. In SC18: International Conference for High Performance Computing, Networking, Storage and Analysis, pages 685–696. IEEE.
Kowarschik, M. and Weiß, C. (2003). An overview of cache optimization techniques and cache-aware numerical algorithms. In Algorithms for memory hierarchies, pages 213–232. Springer.
Mittal, S. and Vetter, J. S. (2015). A survey of cpu-gpu heterogeneous computing techniques. ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR), 47(4):1–35.
NEC (2020a). How to use c/c++ compiler for vector engine. https://www.hpc. nec/api/v1/forum/file/download?id=pgNh9b. Acessado em: 08/2020.
NEC (2020b). How to use fortran compiler for vector engine. https://www.hpc. nec/api/v1/forum/file/download?id=pRdhmv. Acessado em: 08/2020.
NEC (2020c). Proginf/ftrace user's guide. https://www.hpc.nec/documents/ sdk/pdfs/g2at03e-PROGINF_FTRACE_User_Guide_en.pdf. Acessado em: 08/2020.
NEC (2020d). Sx-aurora tsubasa a100-1 series user's guide. https://www.hpc. nec/documents/guide/pdfs/A100-1_series_users_guide.pdf. Acessado em: 08/2020.
Serpa, M. S., Cruz, E. H., Diener, M., Krause, A. M., Farrés, A., Rosas, C., Panetta, J., Hanzich, M., and Navaux, P. O. (2017). Strategies to improve the performance of a geophysics model for different manycore systems. In 2017 International Symposium on Computer Architecture and High Performance Computing Workshops (SBAC-PADW), pages 49–54. IEEE.
Yokokawa, M., Nakai, A., Komatsu, K., Watanabe, Y., Masaoka, Y., Isobe, Y., and Kobayashi, H. (2020). I/o performance of the sx-aurora tsubasa. In 2020 IEEE International Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium Workshops (IPDPSW), pages 27–35. IEEE.
Zhou, H.-W., Hu, H., Zou, Z., Wo, Y., and Youn, O. (2018). Reverse time migration: A prospect of seismic imaging methodology. Earth-Science Reviews, 179:207–227.
Publicado
21/10/2020
Como Citar
MICHELS, Félix; SERPA, Matheus; CARASTAN-SANTOS, Danilo; SCHNORR, Lucas; NAVAUX, Philippe.
Otimização de Aplicações Paralelas em Aceleradores Vetoriais NEC SX-Aurora. In: SIMPÓSIO EM SISTEMAS COMPUTACIONAIS DE ALTO DESEMPENHO (SSCAD), 21. , 2020, Online.
Anais [...].
Porto Alegre: Sociedade Brasileira de Computação,
2020
.
p. 311-322.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5753/wscad.2020.14079.
