Uma Proposta de Escalonamento Colaborativo de Aplicações em um Ambiente de Computação em Grade
Resumo
A Computação em Grade é cada vez mais utilizada para a execução de aplicações que demandam elevados custos computacionais. A tendência atual é o aumento da utilização das grades computacionais. Neste artigo propomos uma organização de grade descentralizada e um modelo de escalonamento de aplicações. No modelo, as aplicações submetidas à grade deverão estar descritas na forma de grafo orientado acíclico. Este modelo segue uma estrutura descentralizada baseada na tecnologia das redes Par-a-Par (P2P). Alguns modelos de rede P2P possuem características de tolerância a falhas, escalabilidade e dinamicidade. Com o progressivo aumento do compartilhamento de recursos geograficamente distribuídos, estas características se tornarão fundamentais para o sucesso da Computação em Grade. O modelo proposto está sendo integrado ao projeto ISAM na forma de grid broker. O sistema ISAM é um ambiente de Computação Pervasiva que engloba características da Computação em Grade. O modelo será avaliado por simulação com o uso da ferramenta MONARC 2, um simulador de computação distribuída baseado em eventos discretos.
Referências
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R. Buyya, D. Abramson, and J. Giddy. Nirnrod/G: An architecture of a resource management and scheduling system in a global computational grid. In HPC Asia 2000, pages 283-289, Beijing, China, May 2000. Anais WSCAD 2005
H. Casanova, G. Obertelli, F. Bennan, and R. Wolski. The apples parameter sweep template: User-level middleware for the grid. In Proceedings of the Supercomputing 2000, 2000.
D. H. J. Epema, M. Livny, R. van Dantzig, X. Evers, and J. Pruyne. A worldwide flock of condors: load sharing among workstation clusters. Future Gener. Comput. Syst., 12(1):53- 65, 1996.
I. Foster and A. lamnitch. On death, taxes, and the convergence of peer-to-peer and grid computing. In 2nd International Workshop on Peer-to-Peer Systems (IPTPS'03), Berkeley, CA, February 2003.
I. Foster, C. Kesselman. J. M. Nick, and S. Tuecke. The Physiology of the Grid: An Open Grid Services Architecture for Distributed Systems lntegration. http://www.globus.org/research/papers/ogsa.pdf, January 2002.
I. Foster, C. Kesselman, and S. Tuecke. The Anatomy of the Grid: Enabling Scalable Virtual Organizations. International Journal of SuperComputer Applicarions, 15(3), 2001.
L. Gong. Jxta: A network programming environment. IEEE Internet Computing, 5(3):88-95, 2001.
A. S. Grirnshaw, A. Ferrari, F. Knabe, and M. Humphrey. Wide-area computing: Resource sharing on a large scale. IEEE Compmer, 32(5):29-36, May 1999.
K.-i. Kurata. C. Saguez, G. Dine, H. Nakamura. and V. Breton. Evaluation of unique sequences on the European data grid. In Proceedings of the First Asia-Paciftc conference on Bioinformatics 2003, pages 43-52. Australian Computer Society, Inc., 2003.
I. Legrand and H. B. Newman. The MONARC toolset for simulating large network-distributed processing systerns. In Winter Simulation Conference 2000, pages 1794-180 I, 2000.
N. Leibowitz, M. Ripeanu, andA. Wierzbicki. Deconstructing the KaZaA network. In 3rd IEEE Workshop on lmemet Applications (WIAPP'03), San Jose, CA. USA, June 2003.
S. Lynden and O. F. Rana. Coordinated learning to support resource management in computational grids. In P2P '02: Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Peer-to-Peer Computing, page 81, Washington, DC, USA, 2002. IEEE Computer Society.
Models of networked analysis at regional centres for large hadron collider experiments, 1999. http://monarc.web.cern.ch/MONARC/.
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M. Ripeanu, I. Foster, and A. Iamnitchi. Mapping the gnutella network: Properties of large-scale peer-to-peer systems and implications for system design. IEEE Internet Computing Journal, 6(1):50-57, January/February 2002.
H. Shan, L. Oliker, and R. Biswas. Job superscheduler architecture and performance in computational grid environments. In Proceedings of the Supercompwing 2003, 2003.
I. Taylor, M. Shields, I. Wang, and R. Philp. Distributed p2p computing within triana: A galaxy visualization test case. In JPDPS '03: Proceedings of the 17th International Symposium on Parallel and Distributed Processing, page 16.1, Washington, DC, USA, 2003. IEEE Computer Society.
D. Thain, T. Tannenbaum, and M. Livny. Condor and the Grid. In F. BERMAN, G. FOX, and T. HEY. editors, Grid Compwilrg: Making Tire Global lnfrastructuree a Reality. John Wiley, 2003.
P. K. Vargas, I. d. C. Dutra, and C. F. Geyer. Gerenciamento hierárquico de aplicações em ambientes de computação em grade. In Escola Regional de Alto Desempenho (ERAD 2004), Pelotas, RS, 13 a 17 de janeiro 2004.
A. Yamin, I. Augustin, J. Barbosa. and C. F. Geyer. ISAM: a pervasive view in distributed mobile computing. In Proceedings of the JFIP TC6 / WG6.2 & WG6.7 Conference on Network Control and Engineering for QoS, Security and Mobility (NET-CON 2002), pages 431-436, October 23-25 2002.
A. Yamin, I. Augustin, J. Barbosa, L. C. d. Silva, R. A. Real, G. Cavalheiro, and C. F. Geyer. Towards merging contextaware, mobile and grid computing. lnternational Journal of High Performance Computing Applications. J 7(2): J 91-203, June 2003.
B. Yang and H. Garcia-Molina. Designing a super-peer network. Technical Report 2002-13, Stanford University. 2002.
F. Berrnan, A. Chien, K. Cooper, J. Dongarra, I. Foster, D. Gannon, L. Johnsson, K. Kennedy, C. Kesselman, J. Mellor-Crummey, D. Reed, L. Torczon, and R. Wolski. The GrADS Project: Software support for high-level Grid application development. The lnternational Journal of High Perfomance Computing Applications, 15(4):327-344, 2001.
J. J. Bunn and H. B. Newman. Data intensive grids for high energy physics. In F. BERMAN, G. FOX, and T. HEY, editors, Grid Compuring: Making the Global Infrastructure a Reality, pages 859-906. John Wiley & Sons, 2003.
A. R. Butt, R. Zhang, and Y. C. Hu. A self-organizing flock of condors. In SC '03: Proceedings of rhe 2003 ACM/IEEE conference on Supercomputing, page 42, Washington, DC, USA, 2003. IEEE Computer Society.
R. Buyya, D. Abramson, and J. Giddy. Nirnrod/G: An architecture of a resource management and scheduling system in a global computational grid. In HPC Asia 2000, pages 283-289, Beijing, China, May 2000. Anais WSCAD 2005
H. Casanova, G. Obertelli, F. Bennan, and R. Wolski. The apples parameter sweep template: User-level middleware for the grid. In Proceedings of the Supercomputing 2000, 2000.
D. H. J. Epema, M. Livny, R. van Dantzig, X. Evers, and J. Pruyne. A worldwide flock of condors: load sharing among workstation clusters. Future Gener. Comput. Syst., 12(1):53- 65, 1996.
I. Foster and A. lamnitch. On death, taxes, and the convergence of peer-to-peer and grid computing. In 2nd International Workshop on Peer-to-Peer Systems (IPTPS'03), Berkeley, CA, February 2003.
I. Foster, C. Kesselman. J. M. Nick, and S. Tuecke. The Physiology of the Grid: An Open Grid Services Architecture for Distributed Systems lntegration. http://www.globus.org/research/papers/ogsa.pdf, January 2002.
I. Foster, C. Kesselman, and S. Tuecke. The Anatomy of the Grid: Enabling Scalable Virtual Organizations. International Journal of SuperComputer Applicarions, 15(3), 2001.
L. Gong. Jxta: A network programming environment. IEEE Internet Computing, 5(3):88-95, 2001.
A. S. Grirnshaw, A. Ferrari, F. Knabe, and M. Humphrey. Wide-area computing: Resource sharing on a large scale. IEEE Compmer, 32(5):29-36, May 1999.
K.-i. Kurata. C. Saguez, G. Dine, H. Nakamura. and V. Breton. Evaluation of unique sequences on the European data grid. In Proceedings of the First Asia-Paciftc conference on Bioinformatics 2003, pages 43-52. Australian Computer Society, Inc., 2003.
I. Legrand and H. B. Newman. The MONARC toolset for simulating large network-distributed processing systerns. In Winter Simulation Conference 2000, pages 1794-180 I, 2000.
N. Leibowitz, M. Ripeanu, andA. Wierzbicki. Deconstructing the KaZaA network. In 3rd IEEE Workshop on lmemet Applications (WIAPP'03), San Jose, CA. USA, June 2003.
S. Lynden and O. F. Rana. Coordinated learning to support resource management in computational grids. In P2P '02: Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Peer-to-Peer Computing, page 81, Washington, DC, USA, 2002. IEEE Computer Society.
Models of networked analysis at regional centres for large hadron collider experiments, 1999. http://monarc.web.cern.ch/MONARC/.
Models of networked analysis at regional centres for lhe experiments. 2005. http://monarc.cacr.caltech.edu: 8081/.
M. Ripeanu, I. Foster, and A. Iamnitchi. Mapping the gnutella network: Properties of large-scale peer-to-peer systems and implications for system design. IEEE Internet Computing Journal, 6(1):50-57, January/February 2002.
H. Shan, L. Oliker, and R. Biswas. Job superscheduler architecture and performance in computational grid environments. In Proceedings of the Supercompwing 2003, 2003.
I. Taylor, M. Shields, I. Wang, and R. Philp. Distributed p2p computing within triana: A galaxy visualization test case. In JPDPS '03: Proceedings of the 17th International Symposium on Parallel and Distributed Processing, page 16.1, Washington, DC, USA, 2003. IEEE Computer Society.
D. Thain, T. Tannenbaum, and M. Livny. Condor and the Grid. In F. BERMAN, G. FOX, and T. HEY. editors, Grid Compwilrg: Making Tire Global lnfrastructuree a Reality. John Wiley, 2003.
P. K. Vargas, I. d. C. Dutra, and C. F. Geyer. Gerenciamento hierárquico de aplicações em ambientes de computação em grade. In Escola Regional de Alto Desempenho (ERAD 2004), Pelotas, RS, 13 a 17 de janeiro 2004.
A. Yamin, I. Augustin, J. Barbosa. and C. F. Geyer. ISAM: a pervasive view in distributed mobile computing. In Proceedings of the JFIP TC6 / WG6.2 & WG6.7 Conference on Network Control and Engineering for QoS, Security and Mobility (NET-CON 2002), pages 431-436, October 23-25 2002.
A. Yamin, I. Augustin, J. Barbosa, L. C. d. Silva, R. A. Real, G. Cavalheiro, and C. F. Geyer. Towards merging contextaware, mobile and grid computing. lnternational Journal of High Performance Computing Applications. J 7(2): J 91-203, June 2003.
B. Yang and H. Garcia-Molina. Designing a super-peer network. Technical Report 2002-13, Stanford University. 2002.
Publicado
24/10/2005
Como Citar
SANTOS, Lucas Alberto Souza; REBONATTO, Marcelo Trindade; VARGAS, Patrícia Keyser; GEYER, Cláudio F. R..
Uma Proposta de Escalonamento Colaborativo de Aplicações em um Ambiente de Computação em Grade. In: SIMPÓSIO EM SISTEMAS COMPUTACIONAIS DE ALTO DESEMPENHO (SSCAD), 6. , 2005, Rio de Janeiro.
Anais [...].
Porto Alegre: Sociedade Brasileira de Computação,
2005
.
p. 137-144.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5753/wscad.2005.18986.
