Balanceamento de Carga Dinâmico em Ambientes Kubernetes com o Kubernetes Scheduling Extension (KSE)
Resumo
A distribuição ineficiente de pods nos nós de um cluster Kubernetes pode levar a um cenário de desbalanceamento do sistema, afetando sua escalabilidade e disponibilidade. Este artigo propõe o Kubernetes Scheduling Extension (KSE), um arcabouço de software que possibilita a implementação de diferentes algoritmos de balanceamento de carga no Kubernetes. Os resultados obtidos com dois algoritmos de balanceamento de carga mostram que o KSE é capaz de melhorar o balanceamento de carga entre os nós sem afetar significativamente a disponibilidade do sistema.
Referências
Ahmad, I., AlFailakawi, M. G., AlMutawa, A., and Alsalman, L. (2021). Container scheduling techniques: A survey and assessment. Journal of King Saud University - Computer and Information Sciences.
Burns, B., Beda, J., Hightower, K., and Evenson, L. (2022). Kubernetes: up and running. ”O’Reilly Media, Inc.”.
Buyya, R., Srirama, S. N., Casale, G., Calheiros, R., Simmhan, Y., Varghese, B., Gelenbe, E., Javadi, B., Vaquero, L. M., Netto, M. A., et al. (2018). A manifesto for future generation cloud computing: Research directions for the next decade. ACM computing surveys (CSUR), 51(5):1–38.
Candel, J. (2022). Implementing DevSecOps with Docker and Kubernetes: An Experiential Guide to Operate in the DevOps Environment for Securing and Monitoring Container Applications. BPB Publications.
CNCF (2022). Cloud native computing foundation annual survey 2022 - the year cloud native became the new normal. CNCF annual survey 2022.
Jain, S. M., editor (2020). Linux Containers and Virtualization: A Kernel Perspective. Apress, California, USA, 1 edition.
James, A. and Schien, D. (2019). A low carbon kubernetes scheduler. In ICT4S.
Lamouchi, N. (2021). Getting Started with Kubernetes, pages 291–307. Apress, Berkeley, CA.
Lebesbye, T., Mauro, J., Turin, G., and Yu, I. C. (2021). Boreas – a service scheduler for optimal kubernetes deployment. In Service-Oriented Computing, pages 221–237. Springer International Publishing.
Luksa, M. (2017). Kubernetes in action. Simon and Schuster.
Menouer, T. (2020). KCSS: Kubernetes container scheduling strategy. The Journal of Supercomputing, 77(5):4267–4293.
Townend, P., Clement, S., Burdett, D., Yang, R., Shaw, J., Slater, B., and Xu, J. (2019). Invited paper: Improving data center efficiency through holistic scheduling in kubernetes. In 2019 IEEE International Conference on Service-Oriented System Engineering (SOSE). IEEE.
Vohra, D. (2017). Kubernetes Management Design Patterns. Apress, Berkeley, CA.
Zheng, G., Bhatelé, A., Meneses, E., and Kalé, L. V. (2011). Periodic hierarchical load balancing for large supercomputers. The International Journal of High Performance Computing Applications, 25(4):371–385.
Burns, B., Beda, J., Hightower, K., and Evenson, L. (2022). Kubernetes: up and running. ”O’Reilly Media, Inc.”.
Buyya, R., Srirama, S. N., Casale, G., Calheiros, R., Simmhan, Y., Varghese, B., Gelenbe, E., Javadi, B., Vaquero, L. M., Netto, M. A., et al. (2018). A manifesto for future generation cloud computing: Research directions for the next decade. ACM computing surveys (CSUR), 51(5):1–38.
Candel, J. (2022). Implementing DevSecOps with Docker and Kubernetes: An Experiential Guide to Operate in the DevOps Environment for Securing and Monitoring Container Applications. BPB Publications.
CNCF (2022). Cloud native computing foundation annual survey 2022 - the year cloud native became the new normal. CNCF annual survey 2022.
Jain, S. M., editor (2020). Linux Containers and Virtualization: A Kernel Perspective. Apress, California, USA, 1 edition.
James, A. and Schien, D. (2019). A low carbon kubernetes scheduler. In ICT4S.
Lamouchi, N. (2021). Getting Started with Kubernetes, pages 291–307. Apress, Berkeley, CA.
Lebesbye, T., Mauro, J., Turin, G., and Yu, I. C. (2021). Boreas – a service scheduler for optimal kubernetes deployment. In Service-Oriented Computing, pages 221–237. Springer International Publishing.
Luksa, M. (2017). Kubernetes in action. Simon and Schuster.
Menouer, T. (2020). KCSS: Kubernetes container scheduling strategy. The Journal of Supercomputing, 77(5):4267–4293.
Townend, P., Clement, S., Burdett, D., Yang, R., Shaw, J., Slater, B., and Xu, J. (2019). Invited paper: Improving data center efficiency through holistic scheduling in kubernetes. In 2019 IEEE International Conference on Service-Oriented System Engineering (SOSE). IEEE.
Vohra, D. (2017). Kubernetes Management Design Patterns. Apress, Berkeley, CA.
Zheng, G., Bhatelé, A., Meneses, E., and Kalé, L. V. (2011). Periodic hierarchical load balancing for large supercomputers. The International Journal of High Performance Computing Applications, 25(4):371–385.
Publicado
17/10/2023
Como Citar
NETO, Pedro Moritz de Carvalho; CASTRO, Márcio; SIQUEIRA, Frank.
Balanceamento de Carga Dinâmico em Ambientes Kubernetes com o Kubernetes Scheduling Extension (KSE). In: SIMPÓSIO EM SISTEMAS COMPUTACIONAIS DE ALTO DESEMPENHO (SSCAD), 24. , 2023, Porto Alegre/RS.
Anais [...].
Porto Alegre: Sociedade Brasileira de Computação,
2023
.
p. 169-180.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5753/wscad.2023.235073.
