Connected Health in Action: An IoT-Driven Web Dashboard for Real-Time HRV and Stress Monitoring in a Private Cloud
Resumo
Stress is one of the main factors associated with the worsening of cardiovascular diseases and psychological disorders, with Heart Rate Variability (HRV) being one of the most widely used physiological indicators for its detection and monitoring. This work proposes the development of a continuous stress monitoring architecture based on the Internet of Things (IoT), using the Polar H9 heart rate sensor connected via Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) to an embedded processing unit based on the Raspberry Pi 4. The system performs real-time acquisition and transmission of heart signals through Python-based scripts. Communication with the private cloud is handled via the RabbitMQ, and data visualization is implemented through a web dashboard accessible via WebSocket, enabling continuous and multiplatform monitoring. The architecture was designed to extract classical HRV metrics, such as RMSSD, SDNN, and pNN50, which are collected from the R-R intervals transmitted by the system. The results obtained demonstrate that the architecture is capable of capturing, processing, and transmitting these metrics with high stability, providing a solid foundation for applications in HRV analysis and stress indicators. Future work will focus on integrating machine learning models for automatic stress classification and conducting clinical validation with multiple participants to enhance the system’s reliability and applicability.
Palavras-chave:
Heart Rate Variability, Stress, IoT, Raspberry Pi, Python, RabbitMQ, Web Dashboard, Private Cloud, Connected Health
Referências
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Sheldon Cohen, Denise Janicki-Deverts, and Gregory E. Miller. 2007. Psychological Stress and Disease. JAMA 298, 14 (Oct. 2007), 1685–1687. DOI: 10.1001/jama.298.14.1685
Yasser-Ali Daraghmi, Emad Y. Daraghmi, Rania Daraghma, Hadi Fouchal, and Mohamed Ayaida. 2022. Edge–Fog–Cloud Computing Hierarchy for Improving Performance and Security of NB-IoT-Based Health Monitoring Systems. Sensors 22, 22 (2022), 8646. DOI: 10.3390/s22228646
Helmy Yusuf Darmawan, Agung Sanubari, Nur Saida, Rahmat Noor Fauzi, Nadia Ristiani, Prihatin Oktivasari, Rika Novita Wardhani, and Riandini. 2022. Non-Invasive IoT Home Medical Check-up Programming to Monitor Blood Sugar, Cholesterol, Uric Acid, and Body Temperature. In 2022 5th International Conference of Computer and Informatics Engineering (IC2IE). 236–240. DOI: 10.1109/IC2IE56416.2022.9970087
Liliam Mendes de Araújo, Cláudia Maria Sousa de Carvalho, Marcello Magri Amaral, and Laurita dos Santos. 2020. Variability of Heart Rate as a biomarker of stress: integrative review. Research, Society and Development 9 (12 2020), e34991211125–e34991211125. Issue 12. DOI: 10.33448/RSD-V9I12.11125
Firdaus S. Dhabhar. 2014. Effects of stress on immune function: The good, the bad, and the beautiful. Immunologic Research 58 (2014), 193–210. Issue 2-3. DOI: 10.1007/s12026-014-8517-0
Alireza Farrokhi, Reza Farahbakhsh, Javad Rezazadeh, and Roberto Minerva. 2021. Application of Internet of Things and artificial intelligence for smart fitness: A survey. Computer Networks 189 (2021), 107859. DOI: 10.1016/j.comnet.2021.107859
Syed M. R. Islam, Dongsoo Kwak, Mohammad H. Kabir, Mehedi Hossain, and Kyung-Sup Kwak. 2015. The Internet of Things for health care: A comprehensive survey. IEEE Access 3 (2015), 678–708. DOI: 10.1109/ACCESS.2015.2437951
Sharanyanivasini J S, Nirmalprithivraj M, Tharanipriya S, Pradeepkumar G, Arun Prasath M M, and Saravanakumar R. 2023. Sports Applications of Biomechanics Wearable Sensors using IoT. In 2023 Second International Conference on Electronics and Renewable Systems (ICEARS). 613–618. DOI: 10.1109/ICEARS56392.2023.10085068
Ravinder Jerath, Mohammad Syam, and Shajia Ahmed. 2023. The Future of Stress Management: Integration of Smartwatches and HRV Technology. Sensors 23, 17 (2023). DOI: 10.3390/s23177314
Sylvain Laborde, Emma Mosley, and Julian F. Thayer. 2017. Heart rate variability and cardiac vagal tone in psychophysiological research – Recommendations for experiment planning, data analysis, and data reporting. Frontiers in Psychology 8 (2017), 213. DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00213
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Agnese Mariotti. 2015. The effects of chronic stress on health: new insights into the molecular mechanisms of brain–body communication. Future Science OA 1 (11 2015), FSO23. Issue 3. DOI: 10.4155/FSO.15.21
Veronica Mattioli, Luca Davoli, Laura Belli, Sara Gambetta, Luca Carnevali, Andrea Sgoifo, Riccardo Raheli, and Gianluigi Ferrari. 2024. IoT-Based Assessment of a Driver’s Stress Level. Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) 24 (9 2024), 5479. Issue 17. DOI: 10.3390/S24175479
Bruce S. McEwen. 1998. Protective and Damaging Effects of Stress Mediators. New England Journal of Medicine 338, 3 (1998), 171–179. DOI: 10.1056/NEJM199801153380307
Mohsen Mozafari, Farshad Firouzi, and Bahar Farahani. 2020. Towards IoTenabled multimodal mental stress monitoring. In 2020 International Conference on Omni-layer Intelligent Systems (COINS). IEEE, 1–8. DOI: 10.1109/COINS49042.2020.9191392
Safia Naveed.S, Nabeena Ameen, and Nulin Jeriba J. 2024. Enhanced IoT System for Real-Time Detection and Monitoring of Cardiac Events Using Machine Learning Algorithms. In 2024 3rd Edition of IEEE Delhi Section Flagship Conference (DELCON). 1–6. DOI: 10.1109/DELCON64804.2024.10866172
Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology, the North American Society of Pacing, and Electrophysiology. 1996. Heart rate variability: standards of measurement, physiological interpretation and clinical use. Circulation 93, 5 (1996), 1043–1065.
World Health Organization. 2022. Mental Health and COVID-19: Early evidence of the pandemic’s impact. Technical Report. World Health Organization. [link]
Polar Electro Oy. 2020. Polar H9 User Manual. [link]. pdf Accessed: July 13, 2025.
Selena R. Pasadyn, Mohamad Soudan, Marc Gillinov, Penny Houghtaling, Dermot Phelan, Nicole Gillinov, Barbara Bittel, and Milind Y. Desai. 2019. Accuracy of commercially available heart rate monitors in athletes: a prospective study. Cardiovascular Diagnosis and Therapy 9, 4 (2019). [link]
Constantinos S. Pattichis and Andreas S. Panayides. 2019. Connected Health. Frontiers in Digital Health Volume 1 - 2019 (2019). DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2019.00001
Jeril V. Raj and T.V. Sarath. 2019. An IoT based Real-Time Stress Detection System for Fire-Fighters. In 2019 International Conference on Intelligent Computing and Control Systems (ICCS). 354–360. DOI: 10.1109/ICCS45141.2019.9065866
Lizawati Salahuddin, Myeong Gi Jeong, Desok Kim, Seong-Kyeon Lim, Kim Won, and Jong-Min Woo. 2007. Dependence of Heart Rate Variability on Stress Factors of Stress Response Inventory. In 2007 9th International Conference on e-Health Networking, Application and Services. 236–239. DOI: 10.1109/HEALTH.2007.381638
Francesco Scardulla, Leonardo D’Acquisto, Raffaele Colombarini, Sijung Hu, Salvatore Pasta, and Diego Bellavia. 2020. A Study on the Effect of Contact Pressure during Physical Activity on Photoplethysmographic Heart Rate Measurements. Sensors 20, 18 (2020). DOI: 10.3390/s20185052
Suzanne C. Segerstrom and Gregory E. Miller. 2004. Psychological Stress and the Human Immune System: A Meta-Analytic Study of 30 Years of Inquiry. Psychological Bulletin 130, 4 (2004), 601–630. DOI: 10.1037/0033-2909.130.4.601 Place: US Publisher: American Psychological Association.
Fred Shaffer and J. P. Ginsberg. 2017. An overview of heart rate variability metrics and norms. Frontiers in Public Health 5 (2017), 258. DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2017.00258
Aleksandar Sic, Marko Bogicevic, Nebojsa Brezic, Clara Nemr, and Nebojsa Nick Knezevic. 2025. Chronic Stress and Headaches: The Role of the HPA Axis and Autonomic Nervous System. Biomedicines 13 (2 2025), 463. Issue 2. DOI: 10.3390/BIOMEDICINES13020463
Matthew Smuck, Charles A. Odonkor, Jonathan K. Wilt, Nicolas Schmidt, and Michael A. Swiernik. 2021. The emerging clinical role of wearables: factors for successful implementation in healthcare. npj Digital Medicine 4 (12 2021), 1–8. Issue 1. DOI: 10.1038/s41746-021-00418-3
Luiz Carlos Marques Vanderlei, Carlos Marcelo Pastre, Rosângela Akemi Hoshi, Tatiana Dias de Carvalho, and Moacir Fernandes de Godoy. 2009. Noções básicas de variabilidade da frequência cardíaca e sua aplicabilidade clínica. Brazilian Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery 24, 2 (Apr 2009), 205–217. DOI: 10.1590/S0102-76382009000200018
M. SaiKiran Yadav, M. Mahaboob Basha, B. Akhil Kumar, and V. Aravindh Goud. 2021. IoT Based Secluded HRV System for Monitoring Hypertensive Patients. In 2021 International Conference on Recent Trends on Electronics, Information, Communication & Technology (RTEICT). 880–883. DOI: 10.1109/RTEICT52294.2021. 9573768
M. Ijaz Younas, Muhammad J. Iqbal, Asif Aziz, and A. H. Sodhro. 2023. Toward QoS Monitoring in IoT Edge Devices Driven Healthcare—A Systematic Literature Review. Sensors 23, 21 (2023), 8885. DOI: 10.3390/s23218885
Atheer Awad, Sarah J. Trenfield, Thomas D. Pollard, Jun Jie Ong, Moe Elbadawi, Laura E. McCoubrey, Alvaro Goyanes, Simon Gaisford, and Abdul W. Basit. 2021. Connected healthcare: Improving patient care using digital health technologies. Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews 178 (2021), 113958. DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.113958
Marc Jayson Baucas and Petros Spachos. 2020. Fog and IoT-based Remote Patient Monitoring Architecture Using Speech Recognition. In 2020 IEEE Symposium on Computers and Communications (ISCC). 1–6. DOI: 10.1109/ISCC50000.2020.9219649
Sheldon Cohen, Denise Janicki-Deverts, and Gregory E. Miller. 2007. Psychological Stress and Disease. JAMA 298, 14 (Oct. 2007), 1685–1687. DOI: 10.1001/jama.298.14.1685
Yasser-Ali Daraghmi, Emad Y. Daraghmi, Rania Daraghma, Hadi Fouchal, and Mohamed Ayaida. 2022. Edge–Fog–Cloud Computing Hierarchy for Improving Performance and Security of NB-IoT-Based Health Monitoring Systems. Sensors 22, 22 (2022), 8646. DOI: 10.3390/s22228646
Helmy Yusuf Darmawan, Agung Sanubari, Nur Saida, Rahmat Noor Fauzi, Nadia Ristiani, Prihatin Oktivasari, Rika Novita Wardhani, and Riandini. 2022. Non-Invasive IoT Home Medical Check-up Programming to Monitor Blood Sugar, Cholesterol, Uric Acid, and Body Temperature. In 2022 5th International Conference of Computer and Informatics Engineering (IC2IE). 236–240. DOI: 10.1109/IC2IE56416.2022.9970087
Liliam Mendes de Araújo, Cláudia Maria Sousa de Carvalho, Marcello Magri Amaral, and Laurita dos Santos. 2020. Variability of Heart Rate as a biomarker of stress: integrative review. Research, Society and Development 9 (12 2020), e34991211125–e34991211125. Issue 12. DOI: 10.33448/RSD-V9I12.11125
Firdaus S. Dhabhar. 2014. Effects of stress on immune function: The good, the bad, and the beautiful. Immunologic Research 58 (2014), 193–210. Issue 2-3. DOI: 10.1007/s12026-014-8517-0
Alireza Farrokhi, Reza Farahbakhsh, Javad Rezazadeh, and Roberto Minerva. 2021. Application of Internet of Things and artificial intelligence for smart fitness: A survey. Computer Networks 189 (2021), 107859. DOI: 10.1016/j.comnet.2021.107859
Syed M. R. Islam, Dongsoo Kwak, Mohammad H. Kabir, Mehedi Hossain, and Kyung-Sup Kwak. 2015. The Internet of Things for health care: A comprehensive survey. IEEE Access 3 (2015), 678–708. DOI: 10.1109/ACCESS.2015.2437951
Sharanyanivasini J S, Nirmalprithivraj M, Tharanipriya S, Pradeepkumar G, Arun Prasath M M, and Saravanakumar R. 2023. Sports Applications of Biomechanics Wearable Sensors using IoT. In 2023 Second International Conference on Electronics and Renewable Systems (ICEARS). 613–618. DOI: 10.1109/ICEARS56392.2023.10085068
Ravinder Jerath, Mohammad Syam, and Shajia Ahmed. 2023. The Future of Stress Management: Integration of Smartwatches and HRV Technology. Sensors 23, 17 (2023). DOI: 10.3390/s23177314
Sylvain Laborde, Emma Mosley, and Julian F. Thayer. 2017. Heart rate variability and cardiac vagal tone in psychophysiological research – Recommendations for experiment planning, data analysis, and data reporting. Frontiers in Psychology 8 (2017), 213. DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00213
Redowan Mahmud, Ramamohanarao Kotagiri, and Rajkumar Buyya. 2025. A hybrid fog-edge computing architecture for real-time health monitoring in IoMT systems with optimized latency and threat resilience. Scientific Reports 15 (2025), 25655. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-09696-3
Agnese Mariotti. 2015. The effects of chronic stress on health: new insights into the molecular mechanisms of brain–body communication. Future Science OA 1 (11 2015), FSO23. Issue 3. DOI: 10.4155/FSO.15.21
Veronica Mattioli, Luca Davoli, Laura Belli, Sara Gambetta, Luca Carnevali, Andrea Sgoifo, Riccardo Raheli, and Gianluigi Ferrari. 2024. IoT-Based Assessment of a Driver’s Stress Level. Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) 24 (9 2024), 5479. Issue 17. DOI: 10.3390/S24175479
Bruce S. McEwen. 1998. Protective and Damaging Effects of Stress Mediators. New England Journal of Medicine 338, 3 (1998), 171–179. DOI: 10.1056/NEJM199801153380307
Mohsen Mozafari, Farshad Firouzi, and Bahar Farahani. 2020. Towards IoTenabled multimodal mental stress monitoring. In 2020 International Conference on Omni-layer Intelligent Systems (COINS). IEEE, 1–8. DOI: 10.1109/COINS49042.2020.9191392
Safia Naveed.S, Nabeena Ameen, and Nulin Jeriba J. 2024. Enhanced IoT System for Real-Time Detection and Monitoring of Cardiac Events Using Machine Learning Algorithms. In 2024 3rd Edition of IEEE Delhi Section Flagship Conference (DELCON). 1–6. DOI: 10.1109/DELCON64804.2024.10866172
Task Force of the European Society of Cardiology, the North American Society of Pacing, and Electrophysiology. 1996. Heart rate variability: standards of measurement, physiological interpretation and clinical use. Circulation 93, 5 (1996), 1043–1065.
World Health Organization. 2022. Mental Health and COVID-19: Early evidence of the pandemic’s impact. Technical Report. World Health Organization. [link]
Polar Electro Oy. 2020. Polar H9 User Manual. [link]. pdf Accessed: July 13, 2025.
Selena R. Pasadyn, Mohamad Soudan, Marc Gillinov, Penny Houghtaling, Dermot Phelan, Nicole Gillinov, Barbara Bittel, and Milind Y. Desai. 2019. Accuracy of commercially available heart rate monitors in athletes: a prospective study. Cardiovascular Diagnosis and Therapy 9, 4 (2019). [link]
Constantinos S. Pattichis and Andreas S. Panayides. 2019. Connected Health. Frontiers in Digital Health Volume 1 - 2019 (2019). DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2019.00001
Jeril V. Raj and T.V. Sarath. 2019. An IoT based Real-Time Stress Detection System for Fire-Fighters. In 2019 International Conference on Intelligent Computing and Control Systems (ICCS). 354–360. DOI: 10.1109/ICCS45141.2019.9065866
Lizawati Salahuddin, Myeong Gi Jeong, Desok Kim, Seong-Kyeon Lim, Kim Won, and Jong-Min Woo. 2007. Dependence of Heart Rate Variability on Stress Factors of Stress Response Inventory. In 2007 9th International Conference on e-Health Networking, Application and Services. 236–239. DOI: 10.1109/HEALTH.2007.381638
Francesco Scardulla, Leonardo D’Acquisto, Raffaele Colombarini, Sijung Hu, Salvatore Pasta, and Diego Bellavia. 2020. A Study on the Effect of Contact Pressure during Physical Activity on Photoplethysmographic Heart Rate Measurements. Sensors 20, 18 (2020). DOI: 10.3390/s20185052
Suzanne C. Segerstrom and Gregory E. Miller. 2004. Psychological Stress and the Human Immune System: A Meta-Analytic Study of 30 Years of Inquiry. Psychological Bulletin 130, 4 (2004), 601–630. DOI: 10.1037/0033-2909.130.4.601 Place: US Publisher: American Psychological Association.
Fred Shaffer and J. P. Ginsberg. 2017. An overview of heart rate variability metrics and norms. Frontiers in Public Health 5 (2017), 258. DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2017.00258
Aleksandar Sic, Marko Bogicevic, Nebojsa Brezic, Clara Nemr, and Nebojsa Nick Knezevic. 2025. Chronic Stress and Headaches: The Role of the HPA Axis and Autonomic Nervous System. Biomedicines 13 (2 2025), 463. Issue 2. DOI: 10.3390/BIOMEDICINES13020463
Matthew Smuck, Charles A. Odonkor, Jonathan K. Wilt, Nicolas Schmidt, and Michael A. Swiernik. 2021. The emerging clinical role of wearables: factors for successful implementation in healthcare. npj Digital Medicine 4 (12 2021), 1–8. Issue 1. DOI: 10.1038/s41746-021-00418-3
Luiz Carlos Marques Vanderlei, Carlos Marcelo Pastre, Rosângela Akemi Hoshi, Tatiana Dias de Carvalho, and Moacir Fernandes de Godoy. 2009. Noções básicas de variabilidade da frequência cardíaca e sua aplicabilidade clínica. Brazilian Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery 24, 2 (Apr 2009), 205–217. DOI: 10.1590/S0102-76382009000200018
M. SaiKiran Yadav, M. Mahaboob Basha, B. Akhil Kumar, and V. Aravindh Goud. 2021. IoT Based Secluded HRV System for Monitoring Hypertensive Patients. In 2021 International Conference on Recent Trends on Electronics, Information, Communication & Technology (RTEICT). 880–883. DOI: 10.1109/RTEICT52294.2021. 9573768
M. Ijaz Younas, Muhammad J. Iqbal, Asif Aziz, and A. H. Sodhro. 2023. Toward QoS Monitoring in IoT Edge Devices Driven Healthcare—A Systematic Literature Review. Sensors 23, 21 (2023), 8885. DOI: 10.3390/s23218885
Publicado
10/11/2025
Como Citar
JOSÉ, Moser Zeferino Vicente; MUTTER, Pedro de Almeida; ESTRELLA, Julio Cezar.
Connected Health in Action: An IoT-Driven Web Dashboard for Real-Time HRV and Stress Monitoring in a Private Cloud. In: BRAZILIAN SYMPOSIUM ON MULTIMEDIA AND THE WEB (WEBMEDIA), 31. , 2025, Rio de Janeiro/RJ.
Anais [...].
Porto Alegre: Sociedade Brasileira de Computação,
2025
.
p. 149-157.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5753/webmedia.2025.16161.
