KBEL: An Extensible Framework for Entity Linking over Heterogeneous Knowledge Bases
Resumo
Entity Linking (EL) resolves textual mentions to entities in a knowledge base (KB) and is a key component of many natural language processing applications. However, most EL systems are tightly coupled to specific KBs and retrieval or disambiguation strategies. This paper presents KBEL, an open-source Python library for constructing and comparing EL approaches. KBEL leverages the Knowledge Integration Framework (KIF) to support different KBs through a unified interface. Its modular architecture enables the creation of custom disambiguation strategies reusing built-in methods for ranking-based, embedding-based, and LLM-based EL. We demonstrate KBEL in a knowledge extraction task, exploring different combinations of KBs and disambiguation strategies.
Palavras-chave:
Entity Linking, Disambiguation, Information Extraction
Referências
João Campos, Marcelo Machado, Guilherme Lima, and Viviane Silva. 2025. Uma Ferramenta Web Baseada em LLMs para Respostas a Perguntas Simples sobre Bases de Conhecimento Heterogêneas. In Anais Estendidos do XXXI WebMedia - WFA. SBC.
Antonin Delpeuch. 2020. OpenTapioca: Lightweight Entity Linking for Wikidata. In Proc. 1st Wikidata Workshop co-located with the ISWC 2020, Vol. 2773. CEUR-WS.org.
Imane Guellil, Antonio Garcia-Dominguez, Peter R Lewis, Shakeel Hussain, and Geoffrey Smith. 2024. Entity linking for English and other languages: a survey. Knowl. Inf. Syst. 66, 7 (2024).
Guilherme Lima, João Rodrigues, Marcelo Machado, Elton Soares, Sandro R Fiorini, Raphael Thiago, Leonardo G Azevedo, Viviane T. da Silva, and Renato Cerqueira. 2024. KIF: A Wikidata-based framework for integrating heterogeneous knowledge sources. arXiv:2403.10304 (2024).
Xukai Liu, Ye Liu, Kai Zhang, Kehang Wang, Qi Liu, and Enhong Chen. [n. d.]. OneNet: A Fine-Tuning Free Framework for Few-Shot Entity Linking via Large Language Model Prompting. In Proc. Conf. EMNLP.
Pablo N. Mendes, Max Jakob, Andrés García-Silva, and Christian Bizer. 2011. DBpedia Spotlight: Shedding Light on the Web of Documents. In Proc. 7th Int. Conf. Semantic Systems.
Gabriele Picco, Marcos Martinez Galindo, Alberto Purpura, Leopold Fuchs, Vanessa Lopez, and Thanh Lam Hoang. 2023. Zshot: An Open-source Framework for Zero-Shot Named Entity Recognition and Relation Extraction. In Proc. 61st Annual Meeting of the ACL (Volume 3: System Demonstrations).
Ahmad Sakor, Kuldeep Singh, Anery Patel, and Maria-Esther Vidal. 2020. Falcon 2.0: An entity and relation linking tool over wikidata. In Proceedings of the 29th ACM International Conference on Information & Knowledge Management.
Yuya Sawada, Tsuyoshi Fujita, Yusuke Sakai, and Taro Watanabe. 2026. ENTITY-LINKINGS: A Unified Library for Entity Linking. In Proc. 19th Conf. European Chapter of the ACL (Volume 3: System Demonstrations). 591–601.
Philipp Scharpf, Corinna Breitinger, Andreas Spitz, Norman Meuschke, André Greiner-Petter, Moritz Schubotz, and Bela Gipp. 2026. Entity linking with Wikidata: A systematic literature review. ACM Comput. Surv. 58, 9 (2026).
Özge Sevgili, Artem Shelmanov, Mikhail Arkhipov, Alexander Panchenko, and Chris Biemann. 2022. Neural entity linking: A survey of models based on deep learning. Semant. Web 13, 3 (2022).
Wei Shen, Jianyong Wang, and Jiawei Han. 2014. Entity linking with a knowledge base: Issues, techniques, and solutions. IEEE Trans. Knowl. Data Eng. 27, 2 (2014), 443–460.
Johannes M Van Hulst, Faegheh Hasibi, Koen Dercksen, Krisztian Balog, and Arjen P De Vries. 2020. REL: An Entity Linker Standing on the Shoulders of Giants. In Proc. 43rd Int. Conf. Research and Development in Information Retrieval.
Denny Vrandečić and Markus Krötzsch. 2014. Wikidata: a free collaborative knowledgebase. Commun. ACM 57, 10 (2014).
Christophe Ye and Cassie S Mitchell. 2025. LLM as entity disambiguator for biomedical entity-linking. In Proc. 63rd Annual Meeting of the ACL (Volume 2: Short Papers). 301–312.
Stefan Zwicklbauer, Christin Seifert, and Michael Granitzer. 2016. DoSeR: A Knowledge-Base-Agnostic Framework for Entity Disambiguation Using Semantic Embeddings. In ESWC 2016. Springer.
Antonin Delpeuch. 2020. OpenTapioca: Lightweight Entity Linking for Wikidata. In Proc. 1st Wikidata Workshop co-located with the ISWC 2020, Vol. 2773. CEUR-WS.org.
Imane Guellil, Antonio Garcia-Dominguez, Peter R Lewis, Shakeel Hussain, and Geoffrey Smith. 2024. Entity linking for English and other languages: a survey. Knowl. Inf. Syst. 66, 7 (2024).
Guilherme Lima, João Rodrigues, Marcelo Machado, Elton Soares, Sandro R Fiorini, Raphael Thiago, Leonardo G Azevedo, Viviane T. da Silva, and Renato Cerqueira. 2024. KIF: A Wikidata-based framework for integrating heterogeneous knowledge sources. arXiv:2403.10304 (2024).
Xukai Liu, Ye Liu, Kai Zhang, Kehang Wang, Qi Liu, and Enhong Chen. [n. d.]. OneNet: A Fine-Tuning Free Framework for Few-Shot Entity Linking via Large Language Model Prompting. In Proc. Conf. EMNLP.
Pablo N. Mendes, Max Jakob, Andrés García-Silva, and Christian Bizer. 2011. DBpedia Spotlight: Shedding Light on the Web of Documents. In Proc. 7th Int. Conf. Semantic Systems.
Gabriele Picco, Marcos Martinez Galindo, Alberto Purpura, Leopold Fuchs, Vanessa Lopez, and Thanh Lam Hoang. 2023. Zshot: An Open-source Framework for Zero-Shot Named Entity Recognition and Relation Extraction. In Proc. 61st Annual Meeting of the ACL (Volume 3: System Demonstrations).
Ahmad Sakor, Kuldeep Singh, Anery Patel, and Maria-Esther Vidal. 2020. Falcon 2.0: An entity and relation linking tool over wikidata. In Proceedings of the 29th ACM International Conference on Information & Knowledge Management.
Yuya Sawada, Tsuyoshi Fujita, Yusuke Sakai, and Taro Watanabe. 2026. ENTITY-LINKINGS: A Unified Library for Entity Linking. In Proc. 19th Conf. European Chapter of the ACL (Volume 3: System Demonstrations). 591–601.
Philipp Scharpf, Corinna Breitinger, Andreas Spitz, Norman Meuschke, André Greiner-Petter, Moritz Schubotz, and Bela Gipp. 2026. Entity linking with Wikidata: A systematic literature review. ACM Comput. Surv. 58, 9 (2026).
Özge Sevgili, Artem Shelmanov, Mikhail Arkhipov, Alexander Panchenko, and Chris Biemann. 2022. Neural entity linking: A survey of models based on deep learning. Semant. Web 13, 3 (2022).
Wei Shen, Jianyong Wang, and Jiawei Han. 2014. Entity linking with a knowledge base: Issues, techniques, and solutions. IEEE Trans. Knowl. Data Eng. 27, 2 (2014), 443–460.
Johannes M Van Hulst, Faegheh Hasibi, Koen Dercksen, Krisztian Balog, and Arjen P De Vries. 2020. REL: An Entity Linker Standing on the Shoulders of Giants. In Proc. 43rd Int. Conf. Research and Development in Information Retrieval.
Denny Vrandečić and Markus Krötzsch. 2014. Wikidata: a free collaborative knowledgebase. Commun. ACM 57, 10 (2014).
Christophe Ye and Cassie S Mitchell. 2025. LLM as entity disambiguator for biomedical entity-linking. In Proc. 63rd Annual Meeting of the ACL (Volume 2: Short Papers). 301–312.
Stefan Zwicklbauer, Christin Seifert, and Michael Granitzer. 2016. DoSeR: A Knowledge-Base-Agnostic Framework for Entity Disambiguation Using Semantic Embeddings. In ESWC 2016. Springer.
Publicado
27/10/2026
Como Citar
MACHADO, Marcelo; JESUS, Alexya; CAMPOS, João Pedro Porto; LIMA, Guilherme; BANAGGIA, Gabriel.
KBEL: An Extensible Framework for Entity Linking over Heterogeneous Knowledge Bases. In: WORKSHOP DE FERRAMENTAS E APLICAÇÕES - SIMPÓSIO BRASILEIRO DE SISTEMAS MULTIMÍDIA E WEB (WEBMEDIA), 32. , 2026, Lavras/MG.
Anais [...].
Porto Alegre: Sociedade Brasileira de Computação,
2026
.
p. 134-137.
ISSN 2596-1683.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5753/webmedia_estendido.2026.34274.
