Uma proposta para representar graficamente tomadas de decisão éticas
Resumo
O processo pelo qual os agentes chegam aos seus processos de tomada de decisão, éticos ou antiéticos, pode ser formalizado por meio de Modelos de Tomada de Decisão Ética (EDMMs). O interesse pela tomada de decisão ética, tanto da academia quanto dos profissionais de Informática Organizacional, aumentou recentemente devido aos avanços no campo da Inteligência Artificial. A pesquisa está focada em modelos teóricos para explicar a tomada de decisão ética, fatores que a influenciam e ferramentas de medição para avaliá-la. Até onde sabemos, não há recurso gráfico para representar os elementos de um EDMM que extrapole o âmbito textual. Este trabalho é o primeiro passo para se pensar em uma representação gráfica que inclua elementos de EDMM, possibilite um panorama de informações mais completo possível, documente a tomada de decisão ética e facilite a visualização desses ativos de conhecimento.
Palavras-chave:
Ética, Sistemas de Informação, Ética Computacional, Representações Gráficas, MTDE
Referências
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von Engelhardt, Y., Janssen, T. M. V., e Scha, R. J. H. (1996). The visual grammar of information graphics. In Proceedings Workshop on Visual Representation, Reasoning and Interaction in Design, pp. 1–11. AID’96.
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Whittier, N., Williams, S., e Dewett, T. (2006). Evaluating ethical decision-making models: a review and application. Society and Business Review, 1(3):235–247.
Wieringa, R. J. (2014). Design science methodology: For information systems and software engineering. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, London, UK.
Barton, L. (2018). Adopt a black cat – here’s how to make them look great on instagram.accessed: 03/03/2021.
Bioni, B. (2019). Proteção de Dados Pessoais A função e os limites do consentimento. GEN, Barueri, Brasil.
Buolamwini, J. e Gebru, T. (2018). Gender shades: Intersectional accuracy disparities incommercial gender classification. In Friedler, S. A. e Wilson, C., (eds), Proceedings of the 1st Conference on Fairness, Accountability and Transparency, volume 81, pp.77–91, New York, NY, USA. PMLR.
Calma, J. (2020). Apple ditching chargers saves costs but not the planet. accessed:03/03/2021.
Cottone, R. R. e Claus, R. E. (2000). Ethical decision-making models: A review of theliterature. Journal of Counseling & Development, 78(3):275–283.
Dascal, M. (2002). Language as a cognitive technology.International Journal of Cognition and Technology, 1(1):35–61.
Escobar, A. (2018). Designs for the Pluriverse Radical Interdependence, Autonomy, andthe Making of Worlds. Duke University Press, Durham, USA.
Fieser, J. (2020). Ethics. In The Internet encyclopedia of philosophy.
Fung, B. (2021). Facebook bans trump from posting for remainder of his term in office.accessed: 03/03/2021.
Genon, N., Heymans, P., e Amyot, D. (2011). Analysing the cognitive effectiveness of the bpmn 2.0 visual notation. In Malloy, B., Staab, S., e van den Brand, M., (eds), Software Language Engineering, pp. 377–396, Berlin, Heidelberg. Springer.
Glover, J. J. (2017). Ethical health informatics: Challenges and opportunities. In Harman,L. B. e Cornelius, F., (eds),Ethical Health Informatics: Challenges and Opportunities,chapter 2, pp. 51–74. Jones & Bartlett Learning, 3ª edição.
Johnson, D. (2008). Computer Ethics. Pearson, 4ª edição.
Jones, T. (1991). Ethical decision making by individuals in organizations: An issue-contingent model.Academy of Management Review, 16:366–395.
Kemp, S. (2020). Digital 2020: Global digital overview. accessed: 03/03/2021
Laudon, K. e Laudon, J. (2020). Management Information Systems: Managing the Digital Firm. Pearson, New York, NY, 16ª edição.
Lewis, S. (2019). The racial bias built into photography. accessed: 03/03/2021.
Luca Casali, G. e Perano, M. (2020). Forty years of research on factors influencing ethical decision making: Establishing a future research agenda. Journal of Bus. Res.
Moody, D. (2009). The “physics” of notations: Toward a scientific basis for constructing visual notations in software engineering. IEEE Tran. on Soft. Eng., 35(6):756–779.
Nonaka, I., Nishihara, A. H., e Kawada, H. (2018). Knowledge-Based Management Theory, pp. 1–21. Springer International Publishing, Cham.
Rulli, T. (2017). For dog’s sake, adopt! In Overall, C., (ed), Pets and People: The Ethics of Companion Animals, pp. 172–186. Oxford University Press.
Santoro, F. M. e Costa, R. M. (2020). A process to analyze ethical issues of information systems. In Anais do I WICS, pp. 25–36, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil. SBC.
Silva, T. (2020). Comunidades, algoritmos e ativismos digitais: Olhares afrodiaspóricos. LiteraRUA, Sao Paulo, SP.
Simon, H. A. (1979). Rational decision making in business organizations. The American Economic Review, 69(4):493–513.
Stair, R. M. e Reynolds, G. W. (2018). Principles of Information Systems. CENGAGE Learning, Boston, MA, 13ª edição.
Tagiaroli, G. (2021). Tratecov: sistema do governo que sugere cloroquina não explica uso de dados. accessed: 03/03/2021.
Torres, M. (1998). Ethical decision-making models. accessed: 03/03/2021.
Tversky, B. (2001). Spatial schemas in depictions. In SPATIAL SCHEMAS AND ABSTRACT THOUGHT, pp. 79–111. MIT Press.
von Engelhardt, Y., Janssen, T. M. V., e Scha, R. J. H. (1996). The visual grammar of information graphics. In Proceedings Workshop on Visual Representation, Reasoning and Interaction in Design, pp. 1–11. AID’96.
Webb, D. (2021). How to upload high quality photos to instagram. accessed: 03/03/2021.
Whittier, N., Williams, S., e Dewett, T. (2006). Evaluating ethical decision-making models: a review and application. Society and Business Review, 1(3):235–247.
Wieringa, R. J. (2014). Design science methodology: For information systems and software engineering. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, London, UK.
Publicado
19/07/2021
Como Citar
CARVALHO, Luiz Paulo; OLIVEIRA, Jonice; SANTORO, Flávia Maria.
Uma proposta para representar graficamente tomadas de decisão éticas. In: WORKSHOP SOBRE AS IMPLICAÇÕES DA COMPUTAÇÃO NA SOCIEDADE (WICS), 2. , 2021, Evento Online.
Anais [...].
Porto Alegre: Sociedade Brasileira de Computação,
2021
.
p. 13-24.
ISSN 2763-8707.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5753/wics.2021.15960.
