Performance Analysis and Capacity Planning in MQTT Architectures for IoT Applications

• Melissa Alves UFPI
• José Wanderlei UFPI
• Luiz Nelson Lima UFPI
• Arthur Sabino UFPI
• Vandirleya Barbosa UFPI
• Luis Guilherme Silva UFPI
• Leonel Feitosa UFPI
• Rodrigo Righi Unisinos
• Francisco Airton Silva UFPI

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5753/wperformance.2025.8397

Abstract

The MQTT (Message Queuing Telemetry Transport) protocol is widely adopted in Internet of Things (IoT) applications due to its lightness, which makes it suitable for devices with limited resources. However, in complex environments, challenges arise related to the configuration of brokers and the management of message traffic, which can compromise the performance of architectures. This article presents a model based on Stochastic Petri Nets (SPN) for capacity analysis and planning in MQTT architectures, allowing the system’s behavior to be evaluated under different traffic levels and broker configurations. The results indicate that response time and throughput are directly affected by traffic intensity. This analysis provides a solid basis for strategic decisions on the configuration and expansion of MQTT systems in critical scenarios.

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