Análise de PRNGs em Hardware para Otimização de Memória na Amplificação de Privacidade em CV-QKD
Resumo
A Distribuição Quântica de Chaves com variáveis contínuas (CVQKD) é uma tecnologia promissora para redes quânticas metropolitanas, mas a amplificação de privacidade baseada em matrizes de Toeplitz impõe um gargalo de memória que limita a escalabilidade dos nós. Este trabalho propõe uma arquitetura em que o vetor definidor da matriz é gerado dinamicamente (on-the-fly) por geradores pseudoaleatórios (PRNGs) em hardware, eliminando o armazenamento externo massivo. A análise comparativa de PRNGs selecionados pela suíte NIST SP 800-22 e por métricas de hardware (LUTs/FFs em FPGA; área em ASIC) identifica soluções com vazão superior a 13 Gbps (FPGA) e até 39 Gbps (ASIC) e baixo consumo de recursos. Discute-se o impacto no plano de controle e na latência fim-a-fim, mostrando que a geração dinâmica simplifica a sinalização e viabiliza nós CV-QKD.
Referências
Abbassi, N., Gafsi, M., Hajjaji, M. A., and Mtibaa, A. (2022). Hardware design and implementation of a lightweight stream-cipher cryptosystem: A chaotic/reversible cellular automata approach. In 2022 IEEE 21st international Ccnference on Sciences and Techniques of Automatic Control and Computer Engineering (STA), pages 255–260.
Akter, S., Khalil, K., and Bayoumi, M. (2025). A high performance and efficient method for enhancing randomness in linear feedback shift registers(lfsr). In 2025 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS), pages 1–5.
Allahverdi, A. and Mooney, V. J. (2025). A hardware-efficient aead stream cipher based on a hybrid nonlinear feedback register structure. In 2025 IEEE International Conference on Cyber Security and Resilience (CSR), pages 1016–1023.
Crocetti, L. (2023). Can the sha-3 algorithm be used for the construction of efficient and robust hardware cryptographic random number generators? In 2023 IEEE 2nd Industrial Electronics Society Annual On-Line Conference (ONCON), pages 1–6.
Crocetti, L., Di Matteo, S., Nannipieri, P., Fanucci, L., and Saponara, S. (2022). Design and test of an integrated random number generator with all-digital entropy source. Entropy, 24(2):139.
Dwivedi, A., Saini, G. K., Musa, U. I., and Kunal (2023). Cybersecurity and prevention in the quantum era. In 2023 2nd International Conference for Innovation in Technology (INOCON), pages 1–6.
Krawczyk, H. (1994). Lfsr-based hashing and authentication. In Advances in Cryptology — CRYPTO ’94, pages 129–139. Springer.
Kuon, I. and Rose, J. (2007). Measuring the gap between fpgas and asics. IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems, 26(2):203–215.
Ma, X., Fung, C.-H. F., and Lo, H.-K. (2007). Quantum key distribution with entangled photon sources. Physical Review A, 76:012307.
Renner, R. (2005). Security of Quantum Key Distribution. PhD thesis, ETH Zurich.
Souza, C. E. C., Moreno, D., Figueiredo, R. B. D., Chaves, D. P. B., and Pimentel, C. (2023). q-analogs over finite fields: Definition, algebraic properties, and application in pseudo-random number generators. IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs, 70(8):3064–3068.
Souza, C. E. C., Moreno, D., Sousa, M. H. S., Chaves, D. P. B., and Pimentel, C. (2025). High-throughput pseudo-random number generators over discrete chaos. IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs, 72(9):1303–1307.
Van Assche, G. (2006). Quantum Cryptography and Secret-Key Distillation. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
Wang, X., Zhang, Y., Yu, S., and Guo, H. (2018). High-speed implementation of length-compatible privacy amplification in continuous-variable quantum key distribution. IEEE Photonics Journal, 10(3):1–9.
Weste, N. and Harris, D. (2015). CMOS VLSI Design: A Circuits and Systems Perspective. Addison-Wesley, 4 edition.
Yan, B., Li, Q., Mao, H., and Chen, N. (2022). An efficient hybrid hash based privacy amplification algorithm for quantum key distribution. Quantum Information Processing, 21(4):130.
Zhang, Y., Bian, Y., Li, Z., Yu, S., and Guo, H. (2024). Continuous-variable quantum key distribution system: Past, present, and future. Applied Physics Reviews, 11(1).
Akter, S., Khalil, K., and Bayoumi, M. (2025). A high performance and efficient method for enhancing randomness in linear feedback shift registers(lfsr). In 2025 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS), pages 1–5.
Allahverdi, A. and Mooney, V. J. (2025). A hardware-efficient aead stream cipher based on a hybrid nonlinear feedback register structure. In 2025 IEEE International Conference on Cyber Security and Resilience (CSR), pages 1016–1023.
Crocetti, L. (2023). Can the sha-3 algorithm be used for the construction of efficient and robust hardware cryptographic random number generators? In 2023 IEEE 2nd Industrial Electronics Society Annual On-Line Conference (ONCON), pages 1–6.
Crocetti, L., Di Matteo, S., Nannipieri, P., Fanucci, L., and Saponara, S. (2022). Design and test of an integrated random number generator with all-digital entropy source. Entropy, 24(2):139.
Dwivedi, A., Saini, G. K., Musa, U. I., and Kunal (2023). Cybersecurity and prevention in the quantum era. In 2023 2nd International Conference for Innovation in Technology (INOCON), pages 1–6.
Krawczyk, H. (1994). Lfsr-based hashing and authentication. In Advances in Cryptology — CRYPTO ’94, pages 129–139. Springer.
Kuon, I. and Rose, J. (2007). Measuring the gap between fpgas and asics. IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems, 26(2):203–215.
Ma, X., Fung, C.-H. F., and Lo, H.-K. (2007). Quantum key distribution with entangled photon sources. Physical Review A, 76:012307.
Renner, R. (2005). Security of Quantum Key Distribution. PhD thesis, ETH Zurich.
Souza, C. E. C., Moreno, D., Figueiredo, R. B. D., Chaves, D. P. B., and Pimentel, C. (2023). q-analogs over finite fields: Definition, algebraic properties, and application in pseudo-random number generators. IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs, 70(8):3064–3068.
Souza, C. E. C., Moreno, D., Sousa, M. H. S., Chaves, D. P. B., and Pimentel, C. (2025). High-throughput pseudo-random number generators over discrete chaos. IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs, 72(9):1303–1307.
Van Assche, G. (2006). Quantum Cryptography and Secret-Key Distillation. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
Wang, X., Zhang, Y., Yu, S., and Guo, H. (2018). High-speed implementation of length-compatible privacy amplification in continuous-variable quantum key distribution. IEEE Photonics Journal, 10(3):1–9.
Weste, N. and Harris, D. (2015). CMOS VLSI Design: A Circuits and Systems Perspective. Addison-Wesley, 4 edition.
Yan, B., Li, Q., Mao, H., and Chen, N. (2022). An efficient hybrid hash based privacy amplification algorithm for quantum key distribution. Quantum Information Processing, 21(4):130.
Zhang, Y., Bian, Y., Li, Z., Yu, S., and Guo, H. (2024). Continuous-variable quantum key distribution system: Past, present, and future. Applied Physics Reviews, 11(1).
Publicado
25/05/2026
Como Citar
SOUZA JÚNIOR, José B. de; BEZERRA, Ramylla L. B. G.; TEIXEIRA, Henrique N.; BESSA, Hugo S. C.; ESTEVES, Linton T. C.; SILVA, Valéria L.; F. NETO, Nelson A..
Análise de PRNGs em Hardware para Otimização de Memória na Amplificação de Privacidade em CV-QKD. In: WORKSHOP DE REDES QUÂNTICAS (WQUNETS), 3. , 2026, Praia do Forte/BA.
Anais [...].
Porto Alegre: Sociedade Brasileira de Computação,
2026
.
p. 1-6.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5753/wqunets.2026.23788.
