Performance Evaluation of Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks with RSUs and Priority Queues

• Jorge Rafael Loiola de Macêdo UFPI http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4779-1933
• Vandirleya Barbosa UFPI https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3502-9964
• Leonel Feitosa Correia UFPI
• Geraldo Pereira Rocha Filho UESB
• Rodolfo Ipolito Meneguette USP
• Luiz Nelson dos Santos Lima UFPI
• Francisco Airton Silva UFPI

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5753/courb.2025.8029

Abstract

The growth of the vehicle fleet poses significant challenges to the organization and fluidity of traffic, especially in unpredictable scenarios, such as medical emergencies and serious accidents. In these contexts, efficient management of requests with different priority levels is essential to minimize risks and ensure adequate service to critical messages. This work presents a performance analysis of VANETs considering multiple priority queues and circular scheduling. Using Stochastic Petri Nets, the study models the behavior of RSUs and Fog servers under different workloads, evaluating metrics such as response time, resource utilization, and discard probability. The results demonstrate that circular scheduling improves resource distribution, reducing the probability of discarding critical messages and ensuring better average response time for priority requests. In addition, the proposed configuration allows a more balanced use of Fog Computing, avoiding underutilization of servers and optimizing processing allocation. The model provides guidelines for optimizing VANET infrastructure, helping in resource sizing and improving the efficiency and reliability of intelligent traffic systems.

Keywords: VANET, RSU, Stochastic Petri Nets, Priority Queues, Emergency

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