Realidade Virtual na Reabilitação Cardíaca: Um Mapeamento Sistemático da Literatura
Resumo
A Realidade Virtual (RV) desponta como uma ferramenta promissora na Reabilitação Cardíaca (RC), capaz de acelerar a recuperação funcional e elevar os níveis de atividade física dos pacientes. Este estudo apresenta um mapeamento sistemático da literatura para investigar esse tema. Os resultados apontam que a RV pode aliviar sintomas dolorosos, tornar o tratamento mais envolvente e eficaz, além de aprimorar a educação do paciente. Contudo, apesar dos achados positivos, persiste uma lacuna na pesquisa quanto à sua aplicação em diversas fases da reabilitação e à carência de protocolos padronizados que viabilizem a adoção ampla e segura dessa abordagem
Palavras-chave:
Realidade Virtual, Reabilitação cardíaca, Recuperação, Pesquisa, Protocolos
Referências
F. da Cruz M. Alves. Uma proposta para utilização dos óculos de realidade virtual no processo de ensino-aprendizagem. PhD thesis. TCC.
A. Berglund, T. Jaarsma, E. Berglund, A. Stromberg, and L. Klompstra. Understanding and assessing gamification in digital healthcare interventions for patients with cardiovascular disease. E. J. of Cardiovascular Nursing, 2022.
A. Berglund, T. Jaarsma, H. Orädd, J. Fallström, A. Strömberg, L. Klompstra, and E. Berglund. The application of a serious game framework to design and develop an exergame for patients with heart failure. JMIR Formative Research, 8, 2024.
H. Bouraghi, A. Mohammadpour, T. Khodaveisi, M. Ghazisaeedi, S. Saeedi, and S. Familgarosian. Virtual reality and cardiac diseases: A systematic review of applications and effects. J. Healthc Eng, 2023.
L. de A. P. Cacau, G. U. Oliveira, L. G. Maynard, A. A. de Araújo Filho, W. M. da Silva Junior, M. L. Cerqueria Neto, A. R. Antoniolli, and V. J. Santana-Filho. The use of the virtual reality as intervention tool in the postoperative of cardiac surgery. B. J. of Cardiovascular Surgery, 28(2):281–289, Apr 2013. ISSN 0102-7638.
T. Carvalho, M Milani, A. S. Ferraz, A. D. Silveira, A. H. Herdy, C. A. C. Hossri, and et al. Diretriz brasileira de reabilitação cardiovascular: Valores e limitações. Arq Bras Cardiol., 114(5):943–987, 2020.
A. dos Santos Costa, C. B. Barbosa, S. Guizilini, V. R. dos Santos, C. R. Miura, M. T. de Oliveira Junior, A. G. da Silva, and R. S. L. Moreira. Virtual reality and physical activity in patients with heart failure: Technology validation and user satisfaction – pilot study. Int. J. of Cardiovascular Sciences, 38, 2025. ISSN 2359-5647.
M. M. A. da Cruz, A. L. Ricci-Vitor, G. L. B. Borges, P. F. da Silva, N. Turri-Silva, C. Takahashi, S. L. Grace, and L. C. M. Vanderlei. A randomized, controlled, crossover trial of virtual reality in maintenance cardiovascular rehabilitation in a low-resource setting: Impact on adherence, motivation, and engagement. Physical Therapy, 101(5): pzab071, 02 2021. ISSN 1538-6724.
M. M. A. da Cruz, I. Grigoletto, A. L. Ricci-Vitor, J. M. da Silva, M. R. Franco, and L. C. M. Vanderlei. Perceptions and preferences of patients with cardiac conditions to the inclusion of virtual reality-based therapy with conventional cardiovascular rehabilitation: A qualitative study. B. J. of Physical Therapy, 26(3), 2022. ISSN 1413-3555.
S. El Mathari, A. Hoekman, R. K. Kharbanda, A. H. Sadeghi, R. L. van Wijngaarden, M. Götte, R. J. M. Klautz, and J. Kluin. Virtual reality for pain and anxiety management in cardiac surgery and interventional cardiology. E. J. of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, 2024.
F. Floresti. Cerca de 400 mil pessoas morreram em 2022 no brasil por problemas cardio-vasculares. Revista Pesquisa FAPESP, 336, jun. 2024.
S. García-Bravo, A. Cuesta-Gómez, R. Campuzano-Ruiz, M. J. López-Navas, J. omínguez Paniagua, Araújo-Narváez. A., E. Barreñada-Copete, C. García-Bravo, M. T. Flórez-García, J. Botas-Rodríguez, and R. Cano-de-la Cuerda. Virtual reality and video games in cardiac rehabilitation programs. a systematic review. Disability and Rehabilitation, 43(4):448–457, 2021.
V. Gulick, D. Graves, S. Ames, and P. P. Krishnamani. Effect of a virtual reality–enhanced exercise and education intervention on patient engagement and learning in cardiac rehabilitation: Randomized controlled trial. J. Med Internet Res, 23, 2021.
D. Kanschik, R.R. Bruno, G. Wolff, and et al. Virtual and augmented reality in intensive care medicine: a systematic review. Intensive Care 13, 81, 2023.
B. Kitchenham and S. Charters. Guidelines for performing systematic literature reviews in software engineering. Technical report, Keele University and Durham University, 2007. Technical Report EBSE 2007-001.
A. B. Peinado-Rubia, A. Verdejo-Herrero, E. Obrero-Gaitán, M. C. Osuna-Pérez, I. Cortés-Pérez, and H. García-López. Non-immersive virtual reality-based therapy applied in cardiac rehabilitation: A systematic review with meta-analysis. Sensors, 24 (3), 2024. ISSN 1424-8220.
A. Raposo, A. Moliterno, J. Silva, R. Fabri, A. Freire, and F. Pacagnelli. Comparison of hemodynamic responses between conventional and virtual reality therapies in patients with heart failure admitted to an emergency room. Fis. e Pesquisa, 29:61–67, 2022.
J. Szczepańska-Gieracha, S. Jóźwik, B. Cieślik, J. Mazurek, and R. Gajda. Immersive virtual reality therapy as a support for cardiac rehabilitation: A pilot randomized-controlled trial. Cyberpsychol Behav Soc Netw, 24, 2021.
A. Valerio Netto, L. dos S. Machado, and M. C. F. Oliveira. Realidade virtual: definições, dispositivos e aplicações. Revista El. de Iniciação Científica, 2, 2002.
A. Vieira, C. Melo, A. Noites, J. Machado, and J. Mendes. Home-based virtual reality exercise program during the maintenance stage of cardiac rehabilitation: A randomized controlled trial. Int. J. Cardiovasc. Sci, 36, 2023.
World Health Organization. Cardiovascular diseases (cvds), 2025. URL [link]. Acesso em: 04 out. 2025.
S. Óźwik, B. Cieślik, R. Gajda, and J. Szczepańska-Gieracha. The use of virtual therapy in cardiac rehabilitation of female patients with heart disease. Medicina (Kaunas), 2021.
A. Berglund, T. Jaarsma, E. Berglund, A. Stromberg, and L. Klompstra. Understanding and assessing gamification in digital healthcare interventions for patients with cardiovascular disease. E. J. of Cardiovascular Nursing, 2022.
A. Berglund, T. Jaarsma, H. Orädd, J. Fallström, A. Strömberg, L. Klompstra, and E. Berglund. The application of a serious game framework to design and develop an exergame for patients with heart failure. JMIR Formative Research, 8, 2024.
H. Bouraghi, A. Mohammadpour, T. Khodaveisi, M. Ghazisaeedi, S. Saeedi, and S. Familgarosian. Virtual reality and cardiac diseases: A systematic review of applications and effects. J. Healthc Eng, 2023.
L. de A. P. Cacau, G. U. Oliveira, L. G. Maynard, A. A. de Araújo Filho, W. M. da Silva Junior, M. L. Cerqueria Neto, A. R. Antoniolli, and V. J. Santana-Filho. The use of the virtual reality as intervention tool in the postoperative of cardiac surgery. B. J. of Cardiovascular Surgery, 28(2):281–289, Apr 2013. ISSN 0102-7638.
T. Carvalho, M Milani, A. S. Ferraz, A. D. Silveira, A. H. Herdy, C. A. C. Hossri, and et al. Diretriz brasileira de reabilitação cardiovascular: Valores e limitações. Arq Bras Cardiol., 114(5):943–987, 2020.
A. dos Santos Costa, C. B. Barbosa, S. Guizilini, V. R. dos Santos, C. R. Miura, M. T. de Oliveira Junior, A. G. da Silva, and R. S. L. Moreira. Virtual reality and physical activity in patients with heart failure: Technology validation and user satisfaction – pilot study. Int. J. of Cardiovascular Sciences, 38, 2025. ISSN 2359-5647.
M. M. A. da Cruz, A. L. Ricci-Vitor, G. L. B. Borges, P. F. da Silva, N. Turri-Silva, C. Takahashi, S. L. Grace, and L. C. M. Vanderlei. A randomized, controlled, crossover trial of virtual reality in maintenance cardiovascular rehabilitation in a low-resource setting: Impact on adherence, motivation, and engagement. Physical Therapy, 101(5): pzab071, 02 2021. ISSN 1538-6724.
M. M. A. da Cruz, I. Grigoletto, A. L. Ricci-Vitor, J. M. da Silva, M. R. Franco, and L. C. M. Vanderlei. Perceptions and preferences of patients with cardiac conditions to the inclusion of virtual reality-based therapy with conventional cardiovascular rehabilitation: A qualitative study. B. J. of Physical Therapy, 26(3), 2022. ISSN 1413-3555.
S. El Mathari, A. Hoekman, R. K. Kharbanda, A. H. Sadeghi, R. L. van Wijngaarden, M. Götte, R. J. M. Klautz, and J. Kluin. Virtual reality for pain and anxiety management in cardiac surgery and interventional cardiology. E. J. of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, 2024.
F. Floresti. Cerca de 400 mil pessoas morreram em 2022 no brasil por problemas cardio-vasculares. Revista Pesquisa FAPESP, 336, jun. 2024.
S. García-Bravo, A. Cuesta-Gómez, R. Campuzano-Ruiz, M. J. López-Navas, J. omínguez Paniagua, Araújo-Narváez. A., E. Barreñada-Copete, C. García-Bravo, M. T. Flórez-García, J. Botas-Rodríguez, and R. Cano-de-la Cuerda. Virtual reality and video games in cardiac rehabilitation programs. a systematic review. Disability and Rehabilitation, 43(4):448–457, 2021.
V. Gulick, D. Graves, S. Ames, and P. P. Krishnamani. Effect of a virtual reality–enhanced exercise and education intervention on patient engagement and learning in cardiac rehabilitation: Randomized controlled trial. J. Med Internet Res, 23, 2021.
D. Kanschik, R.R. Bruno, G. Wolff, and et al. Virtual and augmented reality in intensive care medicine: a systematic review. Intensive Care 13, 81, 2023.
B. Kitchenham and S. Charters. Guidelines for performing systematic literature reviews in software engineering. Technical report, Keele University and Durham University, 2007. Technical Report EBSE 2007-001.
A. B. Peinado-Rubia, A. Verdejo-Herrero, E. Obrero-Gaitán, M. C. Osuna-Pérez, I. Cortés-Pérez, and H. García-López. Non-immersive virtual reality-based therapy applied in cardiac rehabilitation: A systematic review with meta-analysis. Sensors, 24 (3), 2024. ISSN 1424-8220.
A. Raposo, A. Moliterno, J. Silva, R. Fabri, A. Freire, and F. Pacagnelli. Comparison of hemodynamic responses between conventional and virtual reality therapies in patients with heart failure admitted to an emergency room. Fis. e Pesquisa, 29:61–67, 2022.
J. Szczepańska-Gieracha, S. Jóźwik, B. Cieślik, J. Mazurek, and R. Gajda. Immersive virtual reality therapy as a support for cardiac rehabilitation: A pilot randomized-controlled trial. Cyberpsychol Behav Soc Netw, 24, 2021.
A. Valerio Netto, L. dos S. Machado, and M. C. F. Oliveira. Realidade virtual: definições, dispositivos e aplicações. Revista El. de Iniciação Científica, 2, 2002.
A. Vieira, C. Melo, A. Noites, J. Machado, and J. Mendes. Home-based virtual reality exercise program during the maintenance stage of cardiac rehabilitation: A randomized controlled trial. Int. J. Cardiovasc. Sci, 36, 2023.
World Health Organization. Cardiovascular diseases (cvds), 2025. URL [link]. Acesso em: 04 out. 2025.
S. Óźwik, B. Cieślik, R. Gajda, and J. Szczepańska-Gieracha. The use of virtual therapy in cardiac rehabilitation of female patients with heart disease. Medicina (Kaunas), 2021.
Publicado
29/10/2025
Como Citar
KRUGER, Leonardo Dall’Asta; BRITO, Maria Adelina Silva.
Realidade Virtual na Reabilitação Cardíaca: Um Mapeamento Sistemático da Literatura. In: ESCOLA REGIONAL DE ENGENHARIA DE SOFTWARE (ERES), 9. , 2025, Chapecó/SC.
Anais [...].
Porto Alegre: Sociedade Brasileira de Computação,
2025
.
p. 1-10.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5753/eres.2025.16648.
