Diretrizes de Design para Tours Virtuais de Museus: Um Estudo da Experiência do Usuário
Resumo
Este artigo apresenta um conjunto de estratégias de design para otimizar a experiência em tours virtuais de museus. Fundamentado em um experimento com 30 participantes em três instituições pernambucanas, por meio de observações, questionários e entrevistas, o estudo analisou o impacto do design, interatividade e narrativa na imersão, acessibilidade e engajamento. Os resultados revelaram que, apesar do alto valor cultural dos tours, existem barreiras de usabilidade que comprometem a experiência; mas também destacaram o potencial de elementos sensoriais e narrativos para aprimorar a imersão. As descobertas foram sintetizadas em diretrizes que oferecem um roteiro para o desenvolvimento de tours mais inclusivos, envolventes e eficazes na mediação cultural contemporânea.
Palavras-chave:
Tour virtual, museu, design de interação, experiência do usuário, acessibilidade, imersão, engajamento
Referências
R. Muchacho, “O museu virtual: as novas tecnologias e a reinvenção do espaço museológico,” Actas do III sopcom, VI Lusocom e II Ibérico, vol. 1, 2005.
F. O. Cavalieri, “Tour virtual 360: mídia acessível para o turismo,” 2024.
R. S. de Almeida Prado, “Museus nunca foram (tão) digitais,” Revista V! RUS, vol. 1, no. 21, 2020.
M. Ghani and S. Shamsuddin, “A systematic literature review: User experience (ux) elements in digital application for virtua lmuseum,” International Journal, vol. 9, no. 3, 2020.
J. Williams, “Day or night at the museum: A ux analysis of virtual exhibits,” Journal of Technical Writing and Communication, vol. 52, no. 2, pp. 166–181, 2022.
T. C. Scheiner, “Repensando o museu integral: do conceito às práticas,” Boletim do Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi. Ciências Humanas, vol. 7, pp. 15–30, 2012.
R. Tori, C. Kirner, and R. A. Siscoutto, “Fundamentos e tecnologia de realidade virtual e aumentada,” 2006.
P. Morville, “User experience design,” Semantic studios, vol. 21, 2004.
J. Nielsen, Usability engineering. Morgan Kaufmann, 1994.
C. Rusu, V. Z. Rusu, P. Muñoz, V. Rusu, S. Roncagliolo, and D. Quiñones, “On user experience in virtual museums,” in International Conference on Social Computing and Social Media. Springer, 2017, pp. 127–136.
B. Dawson, P. Joseph, and E. Champion, “Evaluating user experience of a multimedia storyteller panorama tour: the story of the markham car collection,” Collections, vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 251–278, 2020.
D. Petousi, A. Katifori, M. Boile, L. Kougioumtzian, C. Lougiakis, M. Roussou, and Y. Ioannidis, “Revealing unknown aspects: sparking curiosity and engagement with a tourist destination through a 360-degree virtual tour,” Multimodal Technologies and Interaction, vol. 7, no. 5, p. 51, 2023.
K. Kabassi, A. Amelio, V. Komianos, and K. Oikonomou, “Evaluating museum virtual tours: the case study of italy,” Information, vol. 10, no. 11, p. 351, 2019.
M. K. Othman, A. Nogoibaeva, L. S. Leong, and M. H. Barawi, “Usability evaluation of a virtual reality smartphone app for a living museum,” Universal Access in the Information Society, vol. 21, no. 4, pp. 995–1012, 2022.
R. Angeloni, “Digitization and virtual experience of museum collections. the virtual tour of the civic art gallery of ancona,” SCIRES-IT-SCIentific RESearch and Information Technology, vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 29–42, 2023.
L.-K. Cheng and H.-L. Huang, “Virtual tourism atmospheres: The effects of pleasure, arousal, and dominance on the acceptance of virtual tourism,” Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, vol. 53, pp. 143–152, 2022.
S. Sylaiou, P. Dafiotis, C. Fidas, E. Vlachou, and V. Nomikou, “Evaluating the impact of xr on user experience in the tomato industrial museum “d. nomikos”,” Heritage, vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 1754–1768, 2024.
M. K. Othman, N. Norman Anuar, M. H. Barawi, A. S. A.-H. Yahya, and A. A. Abdul Manaf, “A comprehensive user experience analysis of cultural heritage progressive web app using a hybrid ueq-ipa approach,” ACM Journal on Computing and Cultural Heritage, vol. 17, no. 2, pp. 1–19, 2024.
X. Wu and I. K. W. Lai, “Identifying the response factors in the formation of a sense of presence and a destination image from a 360-degree virtual tour,” Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, vol. 21, p. 100640, 2021.
J. J. S. da Fonseca, Apostila de metodologia da pesquisa científica. João José Saraiva da Fonseca, 2002.
A. d. Santos et al., “Seleção do método de pesquisa: guia para pósgraduando em design e áreas afins,” Curitiba: Insight, vol. 201, 2018.
J. Lazar, J. H. Feng, and H. Hochheiser, Research methods in humancomputer interaction. Morgan Kaufmann, 2017.
M. Economou and E. Meintani, “Promising beginning? evaluating museum mobile phone apps,” 2011.
M. Schrepp, “User experience questionnaire handbook,” All you need to know to apply the UEQ successfully in your project, vol. 10, 2015.
M. Schrepp, A. Hinderks, and J. Thomaschewski, “Construction of a benchmark for the user experience questionnaire (ueq),” International Journal of Interactive Multimedia and Artificial Intelligence, vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 40–44, 2017.
C. Wilson, “Semi-structured interviews,” Interview techniques for UX practitioners, vol. 1, pp. 23–41, 2014.
S. E. T. Barros, G. Camossi, S. A. B. G. Vidotti, and C. M. Rodas, “Técnicas de coleta de dados em pesquisas de user experience (ux) no contexto da ciência da informação,” Brazilian Journal of Information Science, no. 18, p. 12, 2024.
Ergonomics of human-system interaction – Part 210: Humancentred design for interactive systems, International Organization for Standardization Std. ISO 9241-210:2019, 2019. [Online]. Available: [link]
World Wide Web Consortium, “Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.1,” W3C Recommendation, jun 2018. [Online]. Available: [link]
B. Shneiderman, Designing the user interface: strategies for effective human-computer interaction. Pearson Education India, 2010.
Y. Rogers, H. Sharp, and J. Preece, Design de interação. Bookman Editora, 2013.
D. Vom Lehn, C. Heath, and J. Hindmarsh, “Video based field studies in museums and galleries,” Visitor Studies Today, vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 15–23, 2002.
D. Saffer, Microinteractions: designing with details. ”O’Reilly Media, Inc.”, 2013.
P. Morville and L. Rosenfeld, Information architecture for the World Wide Web: Designing large-scale web sites. ”O’Reilly Media, Inc.”, 2006.
E. Ch’Ng, Y. Li, S. Cai, and F.-T. Leow, “The effects of vr environments on the acceptance, experience, and expectations of cultural heritage learning,” Journal on computing and cultural heritage (JOCCH), vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 1–21, 2020.
Y. Zeng, L. Liu, and R. Xu, “The effects of a virtual reality tourism experience on tourist’s cultural dissemination behavior,” Tourism and Hospitality, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 314–329, 2022.
J. Li and C. Lv, “Exploring user acceptance of online virtual reality exhibition technologies: A case study of liangzhu museum,” PLoS One, vol. 19, no. 8, p. e0308267, 2024.
C. Abras, D. Maloney-Krichmar, J. Preece et al., “User-centered design,” Bainbridge, W. Encyclopedia of Human-Computer Interaction. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications, vol. 37, no. 4, pp. 445–456, 2004.
X. Xu, J. Kang, I. Yasin et al., “Effect of music tempo on duration of stay in exhibition spaces,” Applied Acoustics, vol. 207, p. 109353, 2023.
C. Lee, J. Kim, H. Yi, and W. Lee, “Viewer2explorer: designing a map interface for spatial navigation in linear 360 museum exhibition video,” in Proceedings of the 2024 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 2024, pp. 1–15.
L. Scalco, M. L. Sant’Anna, G. C. De Almeida, R. d. V. Martins Jr, and V. C. De Souza, “A comparative user study of two virtual tour strategies at the ruins of são miguel das missões,” in Proceedings of the 25th Symposium on Virtual and Augmented Reality, 2023, pp. 141–148.
G. Arrighi, Z. S. See, and D. Jones, “Victoria theatre virtual reality: A digital heritage case study and user experience design,” Digital applications in archaeology and cultural heritage, vol. 21, p. e00176, 2021.
Z. Wang, L.-P. Yuan, L. Wang, B. Jiang, and W. Zeng, “Virtuwander: Enhancing multi-modal interaction for virtual tour guidance through large language models,” in Proceedings of the 2024 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 2024, pp. 1–20.
P. Boffi, M. Clerici, A. Gallace, and P. L. Lanzi, “An educational experience in ancient rome to evaluate the impact of virtual reality on human learning processes,” Computers & Education: X Reality, vol. 2, p. 100014, 2023.
L. T. De Paolis, S. Chiarello, C. Gatto, S. Liaci, and V. De Luca, “Virtual reality for the enhancement of cultural tangible and intangible heritage: The case study of the castle of corsano,” Digital Applications in Archaeology and Cultural Heritage, vol. 27, p. e00238, 2022.
S. Chernbumroong, P. Worragin, N. Wongwan, K. Intawong, P. Homla, and K. Puritat, “Digitization of myth: The himmapanvr project’s role in cultural preservation,” Heliyon, vol. 10, no. 9, 2024.
C. C. de Araújo and J. M. X. Teixeira, “Explorando o tour virtual nos museus de pernambuco: Impacto, desafios e a experiência do visitante,” in Simpósio de Realidade Virtual e Aumentada (SVR). SBC, 2024, pp. 1–4.
C. C. de Araújo and J. M. X. N. Teixeira, “A proof of concept on enhancing virtual museum experience through real-time audio communication,” in Congresso Latino-Americano de Software Livre e Tecnologias Abertas (Latinoware). SBC, 2023, pp. 88–96.
F. O. Cavalieri, “Tour virtual 360: mídia acessível para o turismo,” 2024.
R. S. de Almeida Prado, “Museus nunca foram (tão) digitais,” Revista V! RUS, vol. 1, no. 21, 2020.
M. Ghani and S. Shamsuddin, “A systematic literature review: User experience (ux) elements in digital application for virtua lmuseum,” International Journal, vol. 9, no. 3, 2020.
J. Williams, “Day or night at the museum: A ux analysis of virtual exhibits,” Journal of Technical Writing and Communication, vol. 52, no. 2, pp. 166–181, 2022.
T. C. Scheiner, “Repensando o museu integral: do conceito às práticas,” Boletim do Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi. Ciências Humanas, vol. 7, pp. 15–30, 2012.
R. Tori, C. Kirner, and R. A. Siscoutto, “Fundamentos e tecnologia de realidade virtual e aumentada,” 2006.
P. Morville, “User experience design,” Semantic studios, vol. 21, 2004.
J. Nielsen, Usability engineering. Morgan Kaufmann, 1994.
C. Rusu, V. Z. Rusu, P. Muñoz, V. Rusu, S. Roncagliolo, and D. Quiñones, “On user experience in virtual museums,” in International Conference on Social Computing and Social Media. Springer, 2017, pp. 127–136.
B. Dawson, P. Joseph, and E. Champion, “Evaluating user experience of a multimedia storyteller panorama tour: the story of the markham car collection,” Collections, vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 251–278, 2020.
D. Petousi, A. Katifori, M. Boile, L. Kougioumtzian, C. Lougiakis, M. Roussou, and Y. Ioannidis, “Revealing unknown aspects: sparking curiosity and engagement with a tourist destination through a 360-degree virtual tour,” Multimodal Technologies and Interaction, vol. 7, no. 5, p. 51, 2023.
K. Kabassi, A. Amelio, V. Komianos, and K. Oikonomou, “Evaluating museum virtual tours: the case study of italy,” Information, vol. 10, no. 11, p. 351, 2019.
M. K. Othman, A. Nogoibaeva, L. S. Leong, and M. H. Barawi, “Usability evaluation of a virtual reality smartphone app for a living museum,” Universal Access in the Information Society, vol. 21, no. 4, pp. 995–1012, 2022.
R. Angeloni, “Digitization and virtual experience of museum collections. the virtual tour of the civic art gallery of ancona,” SCIRES-IT-SCIentific RESearch and Information Technology, vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 29–42, 2023.
L.-K. Cheng and H.-L. Huang, “Virtual tourism atmospheres: The effects of pleasure, arousal, and dominance on the acceptance of virtual tourism,” Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, vol. 53, pp. 143–152, 2022.
S. Sylaiou, P. Dafiotis, C. Fidas, E. Vlachou, and V. Nomikou, “Evaluating the impact of xr on user experience in the tomato industrial museum “d. nomikos”,” Heritage, vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 1754–1768, 2024.
M. K. Othman, N. Norman Anuar, M. H. Barawi, A. S. A.-H. Yahya, and A. A. Abdul Manaf, “A comprehensive user experience analysis of cultural heritage progressive web app using a hybrid ueq-ipa approach,” ACM Journal on Computing and Cultural Heritage, vol. 17, no. 2, pp. 1–19, 2024.
X. Wu and I. K. W. Lai, “Identifying the response factors in the formation of a sense of presence and a destination image from a 360-degree virtual tour,” Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, vol. 21, p. 100640, 2021.
J. J. S. da Fonseca, Apostila de metodologia da pesquisa científica. João José Saraiva da Fonseca, 2002.
A. d. Santos et al., “Seleção do método de pesquisa: guia para pósgraduando em design e áreas afins,” Curitiba: Insight, vol. 201, 2018.
J. Lazar, J. H. Feng, and H. Hochheiser, Research methods in humancomputer interaction. Morgan Kaufmann, 2017.
M. Economou and E. Meintani, “Promising beginning? evaluating museum mobile phone apps,” 2011.
M. Schrepp, “User experience questionnaire handbook,” All you need to know to apply the UEQ successfully in your project, vol. 10, 2015.
M. Schrepp, A. Hinderks, and J. Thomaschewski, “Construction of a benchmark for the user experience questionnaire (ueq),” International Journal of Interactive Multimedia and Artificial Intelligence, vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 40–44, 2017.
C. Wilson, “Semi-structured interviews,” Interview techniques for UX practitioners, vol. 1, pp. 23–41, 2014.
S. E. T. Barros, G. Camossi, S. A. B. G. Vidotti, and C. M. Rodas, “Técnicas de coleta de dados em pesquisas de user experience (ux) no contexto da ciência da informação,” Brazilian Journal of Information Science, no. 18, p. 12, 2024.
Ergonomics of human-system interaction – Part 210: Humancentred design for interactive systems, International Organization for Standardization Std. ISO 9241-210:2019, 2019. [Online]. Available: [link]
World Wide Web Consortium, “Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.1,” W3C Recommendation, jun 2018. [Online]. Available: [link]
B. Shneiderman, Designing the user interface: strategies for effective human-computer interaction. Pearson Education India, 2010.
Y. Rogers, H. Sharp, and J. Preece, Design de interação. Bookman Editora, 2013.
D. Vom Lehn, C. Heath, and J. Hindmarsh, “Video based field studies in museums and galleries,” Visitor Studies Today, vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 15–23, 2002.
D. Saffer, Microinteractions: designing with details. ”O’Reilly Media, Inc.”, 2013.
P. Morville and L. Rosenfeld, Information architecture for the World Wide Web: Designing large-scale web sites. ”O’Reilly Media, Inc.”, 2006.
E. Ch’Ng, Y. Li, S. Cai, and F.-T. Leow, “The effects of vr environments on the acceptance, experience, and expectations of cultural heritage learning,” Journal on computing and cultural heritage (JOCCH), vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 1–21, 2020.
Y. Zeng, L. Liu, and R. Xu, “The effects of a virtual reality tourism experience on tourist’s cultural dissemination behavior,” Tourism and Hospitality, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 314–329, 2022.
J. Li and C. Lv, “Exploring user acceptance of online virtual reality exhibition technologies: A case study of liangzhu museum,” PLoS One, vol. 19, no. 8, p. e0308267, 2024.
C. Abras, D. Maloney-Krichmar, J. Preece et al., “User-centered design,” Bainbridge, W. Encyclopedia of Human-Computer Interaction. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications, vol. 37, no. 4, pp. 445–456, 2004.
X. Xu, J. Kang, I. Yasin et al., “Effect of music tempo on duration of stay in exhibition spaces,” Applied Acoustics, vol. 207, p. 109353, 2023.
C. Lee, J. Kim, H. Yi, and W. Lee, “Viewer2explorer: designing a map interface for spatial navigation in linear 360 museum exhibition video,” in Proceedings of the 2024 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 2024, pp. 1–15.
L. Scalco, M. L. Sant’Anna, G. C. De Almeida, R. d. V. Martins Jr, and V. C. De Souza, “A comparative user study of two virtual tour strategies at the ruins of são miguel das missões,” in Proceedings of the 25th Symposium on Virtual and Augmented Reality, 2023, pp. 141–148.
G. Arrighi, Z. S. See, and D. Jones, “Victoria theatre virtual reality: A digital heritage case study and user experience design,” Digital applications in archaeology and cultural heritage, vol. 21, p. e00176, 2021.
Z. Wang, L.-P. Yuan, L. Wang, B. Jiang, and W. Zeng, “Virtuwander: Enhancing multi-modal interaction for virtual tour guidance through large language models,” in Proceedings of the 2024 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 2024, pp. 1–20.
P. Boffi, M. Clerici, A. Gallace, and P. L. Lanzi, “An educational experience in ancient rome to evaluate the impact of virtual reality on human learning processes,” Computers & Education: X Reality, vol. 2, p. 100014, 2023.
L. T. De Paolis, S. Chiarello, C. Gatto, S. Liaci, and V. De Luca, “Virtual reality for the enhancement of cultural tangible and intangible heritage: The case study of the castle of corsano,” Digital Applications in Archaeology and Cultural Heritage, vol. 27, p. e00238, 2022.
S. Chernbumroong, P. Worragin, N. Wongwan, K. Intawong, P. Homla, and K. Puritat, “Digitization of myth: The himmapanvr project’s role in cultural preservation,” Heliyon, vol. 10, no. 9, 2024.
C. C. de Araújo and J. M. X. Teixeira, “Explorando o tour virtual nos museus de pernambuco: Impacto, desafios e a experiência do visitante,” in Simpósio de Realidade Virtual e Aumentada (SVR). SBC, 2024, pp. 1–4.
C. C. de Araújo and J. M. X. N. Teixeira, “A proof of concept on enhancing virtual museum experience through real-time audio communication,” in Congresso Latino-Americano de Software Livre e Tecnologias Abertas (Latinoware). SBC, 2023, pp. 88–96.
Publicado
22/10/2025
Como Citar
ARAÚJO, Calíope Corrêa de; TEIXEIRA, João Marcelo Xavier Natário; CASTILLO, Leonardo Augusto Gómez.
Diretrizes de Design para Tours Virtuais de Museus: Um Estudo da Experiência do Usuário. In: CONGRESSO LATINO-AMERICANO DE SOFTWARE LIVRE E TECNOLOGIAS ABERTAS (LATINOWARE), 22. , 2025, Foz do Iguaçu/PR.
Anais [...].
Porto Alegre: Sociedade Brasileira de Computação,
2025
.
p. 490-499.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5753/latinoware.2025.16487.
