Implementation of a Mathematical Model for Synthetic ECG Signal Generation Using Low-Cost Hardware

• Walmer A. Cavalcante UFAL
• Anderson R. G. Barbosa UFAL
• Thiago D. Cordeiro UFAL
• Erick A. Barboza UFAL

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5753/sbcas.2025.7861

Abstract

The generation of synthetic electrocardiographic signals is a promising approach to overcoming challenges in acquiring real signals, such as environmental interference, the scarcity of rare disease records, and ethical restrictions on clinical data usage. This work implements a mathematical model combined with a low-cost digital-to-analog converter, utilizing Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) and a low-pass filter. The model simulates different cardiac conditions, such as atrial fibrillation. The results confirm the fidelity of the synthetic signal, highlighting its applicability in equipment calibration, education, and the enhancement of artificial intelligence algorithms for automated diagnosis.

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