Quality Requirements and the Requirements Quality: The indications from Requirements Smells in a Financial Institution Systems
Resumo
Systems quality requirements are defined by ISO/IEC 25000 series. In specifying these requirements, using Natural Language, it is possible that there are symptoms of low quality, Requirements Smells (RSs). The present work has the objective of confirming and analyzing the presence of Requirements Smells in specifications of quality requirements classified by ISO/IEC 25010. The specifications of 26 systems of a large public financial organization were analyzed. Content analysis and Nvivo software were used and 870 quality requirements were categorized and analyzed. As a result, it was verified that 44% of the analyzed requirements present Requirements Smells which signals the importance of the inspection of the requirements with this bias. It was also identified that the most representative RSs are related to Subjective Language (34.6%), Incomplete Reference (22%) and Non verifiable terms (16%). The RSs less found in the specifications are of the Superlative, Loopholes and Comparative categories.
Palavras-chave:
Requirements Inspection, Software Quality, Natural Language, ISO/IEC 25000, Requirements Smells
Referências
Chetan Arora, Mehrdad Sabetzadeh, Lionel C. Briand, and Frank Zimmer. 2015. Automated Checking of Conformance to Requirements Templates Using Natural Language Processing. IEEE Trans. Software Eng. 41, 10 (2015), 944--968.
Jørgen Bøegh. 2008. A new standard for quality requirements. IEEE Software 2 (2008), 57--63.
Angélica Toffano Seidel Calazans, Eloisa Toffano Seidel Masson, Roberto Avila Paldês, Fernando de A. Guimarães, Kiane Mabel Rezende, and Ricardo Ajax Kosloski. 2018. Requisitos de Qualidade de Usabilidade: Análise da Utilização em Sistemas de uma Instituição Financeira. In WER.
Lawrence Chung and Julio Cesar Sampaio do Prado Leite. 2009. On Non-Functional Requirements in Software Engineering. In Conceptual Modeling: Foundations and Applications (Lecture Notes in Computer Science), Vol. 5600. Springer, 363--379.
Beata Czarnacka-Chrobot. 2009. The ISO/IEC Standards for the Software Processes and Products Measurement.. In SoMeT. 187--200.
Hugo Sica de Andrade, Eduardo Santana de Almeida, and Ivica Crnkovic. 2014. Architectural bad smells in software product lines: an exploratory study. In WICSA Companion. ACM, 12:1--12.6.
Glauco de Figueiredo Carneiro, Marcos Silva, Leandra Mara, Eduardo Figueiredo, Cláudio Sant'Anna, Alessandro F. Garcia, and Manoel G. Mendonça. 2010. Identifying Code Smells with Multiple Concern Views. In SBES. IEEE Computer Society, 128--137.
Jonas Eckhardt, Andreas Vogelsang, and Daniel Méndez Fernández. 2016. Are "non-functional" requirements really non-functional?: an investigation of nonfunctional requirements in practice. In ICSE. ACM, 832--842.
Henning Femmer. 2013. Reviewing Natural Language Requirements with Requirements Smells-AResearch Proposal-. Research Gate (2013), 1--8.
Henning Femmer, Daniel Méndez Fernández, Elmar Jürgens, Michael Klose, Ilona Zimmer, and Jörg Zimmer. 2014. Rapid requirements checks with requirements smells: two case studies. In RCoSE. ACM, 10--19.
ISO/IEC International Organization for Standardization and International Electrotechnical Commission. 2011. ISO25010 System and Software Engineering - Systems and software Quality Requirements and Evaluation (SQuaRE) -- System and software quality models.
ISO/IEC International Organization for Standardization and International Electrotechnical Commission. 2014. ISO/IEC 25000: Software Engineering - Software product Quality Requirementes and Evaluation (SQuaRE) - Guide to SQuaRE.
Martin Fowler. 1997. Refactoring: Improving the design of existing code. In 11th European Conference. Jyväskylä, Finland.
Eduard C. Groen, Sylwia Kopczynska, Marc P. Hauer, Tobias D. Krafft, and Jörg Dörr. 2017. Users - The Hidden Software Product Quality Experts?: A Study on How App Users Report Quality Aspects in Online Reviews. In RE. IEEE Computer Society, 80--89.
Benedikt Hauptmann, Maximilian Junker, Sebastian Eder, Lars Heinemann, Rudolf Vaas, and Peter Braun. 2013. Hunting for smells in natural language tests. In ICSE. IEEE Computer Society, 1217--1220.
IEC ISO. 2011. ISO/IEC/IEEE 29148:2018 Systems and software engineering - Life cycle processes - Requirements engineering. Technical Report. Technical report.
Marcos Kalinowski, Gleison Santos, Rafael Prikladnicki, Ana Regina Rocha, Kival Chaves Weber, and José Antonio Antonioni. 2011. From Software Engineering Research to Brazilian Software Quality Improvement. In SBES. IEEE Computer Society, 120--125.
Sylwia Kopczynska, Jerzy R. Nawrocki, and Miroslaw Ochodek. 2018. An empirical study on catalog of non-functional requirement templates: Usefulness and maintenance issues. Information &Software Technology 103 (2018), 75--91.
Per Kroll and Philippe Kruchten. 2003. The rational unified process made easy: a practitioner's guide to the RUP. Addison-Wesley Professional.
Zijad Kurtanovic and Walid Maalej. 2017. Automatically Classifying Functional and Non-functional Requirements Using Supervised Machine Learning. In RE. IEEE Computer Society, 490--495.
Rafael Nascimento, Eduardo Aranha, Uirá Kulesza, and Márcia Lucena. 2018. Requirements Smells como indicadores de má qualidade na especificação de requisitos: Um Mapeamento Sistemático da Literatura. In WER.
Margaret Phillips and Jing Lu. 2018. A quick look at NVivo. Journal of Electronic Resources Librarianship 30, 2 (2018), 104--106.
Roger S Pressman. 2005. Software engineering: a practitioner's approach. Palgrave Macmillan.
Frank Salger. 2013. Requirements reviews revisited: Residual challenges and open research questions. In RE. IEEE Computer Society, 250--255.
Jørgen Bøegh. 2008. A new standard for quality requirements. IEEE Software 2 (2008), 57--63.
Angélica Toffano Seidel Calazans, Eloisa Toffano Seidel Masson, Roberto Avila Paldês, Fernando de A. Guimarães, Kiane Mabel Rezende, and Ricardo Ajax Kosloski. 2018. Requisitos de Qualidade de Usabilidade: Análise da Utilização em Sistemas de uma Instituição Financeira. In WER.
Lawrence Chung and Julio Cesar Sampaio do Prado Leite. 2009. On Non-Functional Requirements in Software Engineering. In Conceptual Modeling: Foundations and Applications (Lecture Notes in Computer Science), Vol. 5600. Springer, 363--379.
Beata Czarnacka-Chrobot. 2009. The ISO/IEC Standards for the Software Processes and Products Measurement.. In SoMeT. 187--200.
Hugo Sica de Andrade, Eduardo Santana de Almeida, and Ivica Crnkovic. 2014. Architectural bad smells in software product lines: an exploratory study. In WICSA Companion. ACM, 12:1--12.6.
Glauco de Figueiredo Carneiro, Marcos Silva, Leandra Mara, Eduardo Figueiredo, Cláudio Sant'Anna, Alessandro F. Garcia, and Manoel G. Mendonça. 2010. Identifying Code Smells with Multiple Concern Views. In SBES. IEEE Computer Society, 128--137.
Jonas Eckhardt, Andreas Vogelsang, and Daniel Méndez Fernández. 2016. Are "non-functional" requirements really non-functional?: an investigation of nonfunctional requirements in practice. In ICSE. ACM, 832--842.
Henning Femmer. 2013. Reviewing Natural Language Requirements with Requirements Smells-AResearch Proposal-. Research Gate (2013), 1--8.
Henning Femmer, Daniel Méndez Fernández, Elmar Jürgens, Michael Klose, Ilona Zimmer, and Jörg Zimmer. 2014. Rapid requirements checks with requirements smells: two case studies. In RCoSE. ACM, 10--19.
ISO/IEC International Organization for Standardization and International Electrotechnical Commission. 2011. ISO25010 System and Software Engineering - Systems and software Quality Requirements and Evaluation (SQuaRE) -- System and software quality models.
ISO/IEC International Organization for Standardization and International Electrotechnical Commission. 2014. ISO/IEC 25000: Software Engineering - Software product Quality Requirementes and Evaluation (SQuaRE) - Guide to SQuaRE.
Martin Fowler. 1997. Refactoring: Improving the design of existing code. In 11th European Conference. Jyväskylä, Finland.
Eduard C. Groen, Sylwia Kopczynska, Marc P. Hauer, Tobias D. Krafft, and Jörg Dörr. 2017. Users - The Hidden Software Product Quality Experts?: A Study on How App Users Report Quality Aspects in Online Reviews. In RE. IEEE Computer Society, 80--89.
Benedikt Hauptmann, Maximilian Junker, Sebastian Eder, Lars Heinemann, Rudolf Vaas, and Peter Braun. 2013. Hunting for smells in natural language tests. In ICSE. IEEE Computer Society, 1217--1220.
IEC ISO. 2011. ISO/IEC/IEEE 29148:2018 Systems and software engineering - Life cycle processes - Requirements engineering. Technical Report. Technical report.
Marcos Kalinowski, Gleison Santos, Rafael Prikladnicki, Ana Regina Rocha, Kival Chaves Weber, and José Antonio Antonioni. 2011. From Software Engineering Research to Brazilian Software Quality Improvement. In SBES. IEEE Computer Society, 120--125.
Sylwia Kopczynska, Jerzy R. Nawrocki, and Miroslaw Ochodek. 2018. An empirical study on catalog of non-functional requirement templates: Usefulness and maintenance issues. Information &Software Technology 103 (2018), 75--91.
Per Kroll and Philippe Kruchten. 2003. The rational unified process made easy: a practitioner's guide to the RUP. Addison-Wesley Professional.
Zijad Kurtanovic and Walid Maalej. 2017. Automatically Classifying Functional and Non-functional Requirements Using Supervised Machine Learning. In RE. IEEE Computer Society, 490--495.
Rafael Nascimento, Eduardo Aranha, Uirá Kulesza, and Márcia Lucena. 2018. Requirements Smells como indicadores de má qualidade na especificação de requisitos: Um Mapeamento Sistemático da Literatura. In WER.
Margaret Phillips and Jing Lu. 2018. A quick look at NVivo. Journal of Electronic Resources Librarianship 30, 2 (2018), 104--106.
Roger S Pressman. 2005. Software engineering: a practitioner's approach. Palgrave Macmillan.
Frank Salger. 2013. Requirements reviews revisited: Residual challenges and open research questions. In RE. IEEE Computer Society, 250--255.
Publicado
23/09/2019
Como Citar
CALAZANS, Angelica Toffano Seidel; PALDÊS, Roberto Ávila; CANEDO, Edna Dias; MASSON, Eloisa Toffano Seidel; GUIMARÃES, Fernando de Albuquerque; REZENDE, Kiane Mabel Fialho; GONÇALVES, Fábio de Souza; MARIANO, Ari Melo.
Quality Requirements and the Requirements Quality: The indications from Requirements Smells in a Financial Institution Systems. In: SIMPÓSIO BRASILEIRO DE ENGENHARIA DE SOFTWARE (SBES), 33. , 2019, Salvador.
Anais [...].
Porto Alegre: Sociedade Brasileira de Computação,
2019
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