A representação da guerra pela ótica da experiência traumática em Star Wars: Knights of the Old Republic II – The Sith Lords
Resumo
A guerra está presente com frequência em jogos digitais, contextualizando o gameplay e os eventos retratados. Contudo, os jogos de guerra mainstream comumente sanitizam a guerra e a violência, e conflitos são interpretados a partir dos temas do triunfo e heroísmo. Neste artigo, é analisada a abordagem ao trauma e à guerra exercida pelo jogo Star Wars: Knights of the Old Republic II – The Sith Lords (TSL), com o objetivo de apresentar uma interpretação alternativa destes fenômenos entre jogos digitais. TSL traz os traumas da guerra à tona em toda oportunidade, usando de dois conflitos fictícios que antecipam seu enredo – as Guerras Mandalorianas e a Guerra Civil Jedi – para dar vida aos ambientes, personagens, e a própria narrativa. Neste jogo, o passado está fortementepresente e os traumas dos personagens, e até de planetas, são transmitidos a partir da mecânica de diálogo. Portanto, ao dar um protagonismo às experiências traumáticas, TSL abre espaço para a reflexão crítica do fenômeno da guerra, culminando em uma experiência que é mais sobre a superação de traumas do que o triunfo em conflitos armados.
Palavras-chave:
Trauma, Guerra, The Sith Lords, Jogos de Guerra
Referências
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M. Schulzke, “The virtual war on terror: Counterterrorism narratives in video games,” New Political Science, vol. 35, n. 4, pp. 586-603, 2013.
N. Robinson, “Have you won the war on terror? Military videogames and the state of American exceptionalism” Millennium, vol. 43, n. 2, pp. 450-470, 2015.
D. Nieborg, “Training recruits and conditioning youth: The soft power of military games,” In N. Huntemann and M. Payne, Joystick soldiers: the politics of play in military video games, Routledge, pp. 53-66, 2009.
C. King and D. Leonard, “Wargames as a new frontier: Securing american empire in virtual space,” In N. Huntemann and M. Payne, Joystick soldiers: the politics of play in military video games, Routledge, pp. 91-105, 2009.
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G. Hartnett et al., “Operationally relevant artificial training for machine learning: improving the performance of automated target recognition systems,” RAND Corporation, 2020.
R. Ottosen, “Video games as war propaganda: Can peace journalism offer an alternative approach?,” Peace & Policy, vol. 13, 73-85, 2008.
N. Huntemann, “Playing with fear: Catharsis and resistance in militarythemed video games,” In N. Huntemann and M. Payne, Joystick soldiers: the politics of play in military video games, Routledge, pp. 223-236, 2009.
C. Suellentrop, “War games,” New York Times Magazine, vol. 12, 2010.
E. Machado, “Jogos digitais, guerra e identidade: a reprodução de temáticas securitizadas em jogos que envolvem a temática bélica,” Proceedings of SBGames 2015, pp. 926-935, November 2015.
B. Whaley, “Beyond 8-bit: Trauma and social relevance in japanese video games,” Doctoral Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2016.
E. Toma, “Self-reflection and morality in critical games. Who is to be blamed for war?,” Journal of Comparative Research in Anthropology and Sociology, vol. 6, n. 1, pp. 209-224, 2015.
C. Kempshall, “The First World War in computer games,” Palgrave MacMillan, 2015.
F. Ciut?, “Call of Duty: Playing video games with IR,” Millennium, vol. 44, n. 2, pp. 197-215, 2016.
M. Hanuszkiewicz, “The death of language: listening to the echoes (of Georges Bataille) in Star Wars: Knights of the Old Republic II–The Sith Lords,” Text Matters: A Journal of Literature, Theory and Culture, n. 10, pp. 257-273, 2020.
J. Zagal, “War ethics: A framework for analyzing videogames,” Proceedings of DiGRA Conference, 2017.
N. Robinson, “Videogames, persuasion and the war on terror: Escaping or embedding the military-entertainment complex?,” Political Studies, vol. 60, n. 3, pp. 504-522, 2012.
L. Jarvis and N. Robinson, “War, time, and military videogames: Heterogeneities and critical potential,” Critical Military Studies, 2019.
M. Schulzke, “The virtual war on terror: Counterterrorism narratives in video games,” New Political Science, vol. 35, n. 4, pp. 586-603, 2013.
N. Robinson, “Have you won the war on terror? Military videogames and the state of American exceptionalism” Millennium, vol. 43, n. 2, pp. 450-470, 2015.
D. Nieborg, “Training recruits and conditioning youth: The soft power of military games,” In N. Huntemann and M. Payne, Joystick soldiers: the politics of play in military video games, Routledge, pp. 53-66, 2009.
C. King and D. Leonard, “Wargames as a new frontier: Securing american empire in virtual space,” In N. Huntemann and M. Payne, Joystick soldiers: the politics of play in military video games, Routledge, pp. 91-105, 2009.
R. Allen, “Games without tears, wars without frontiers,” In K. Stroeken, War, technology, anthropology, Berghahn Books, pp. 83-93, 2012.
G. Hartnett et al., “Operationally relevant artificial training for machine learning: improving the performance of automated target recognition systems,” RAND Corporation, 2020.
R. Ottosen, “Video games as war propaganda: Can peace journalism offer an alternative approach?,” Peace & Policy, vol. 13, 73-85, 2008.
N. Huntemann, “Playing with fear: Catharsis and resistance in militarythemed video games,” In N. Huntemann and M. Payne, Joystick soldiers: the politics of play in military video games, Routledge, pp. 223-236, 2009.
C. Suellentrop, “War games,” New York Times Magazine, vol. 12, 2010.
E. Machado, “Jogos digitais, guerra e identidade: a reprodução de temáticas securitizadas em jogos que envolvem a temática bélica,” Proceedings of SBGames 2015, pp. 926-935, November 2015.
B. Whaley, “Beyond 8-bit: Trauma and social relevance in japanese video games,” Doctoral Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2016.
E. Toma, “Self-reflection and morality in critical games. Who is to be blamed for war?,” Journal of Comparative Research in Anthropology and Sociology, vol. 6, n. 1, pp. 209-224, 2015.
C. Kempshall, “The First World War in computer games,” Palgrave MacMillan, 2015.
F. Ciut?, “Call of Duty: Playing video games with IR,” Millennium, vol. 44, n. 2, pp. 197-215, 2016.
M. Hanuszkiewicz, “The death of language: listening to the echoes (of Georges Bataille) in Star Wars: Knights of the Old Republic II–The Sith Lords,” Text Matters: A Journal of Literature, Theory and Culture, n. 10, pp. 257-273, 2020.
Publicado
18/10/2021
Como Citar
LEMES, Jorel Musa de Noronha; TAVARES, Rafael Licinio.
A representação da guerra pela ótica da experiência traumática em Star Wars: Knights of the Old Republic II – The Sith Lords. In: TRILHA DE ARTES & DESIGN – ARTIGOS COMPLETOS - SIMPÓSIO BRASILEIRO DE JOGOS E ENTRETENIMENTO DIGITAL (SBGAMES), 20. , 2021, Online.
Anais [...].
Porto Alegre: Sociedade Brasileira de Computação,
2021
.
p. 20-29.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5753/sbgames_estendido.2021.19621.
