Achieving efficient routing in constrained networks with unidirectional links through Software Defined Networking
Resumo
Routing protocols targeting low power wireless networks commonly assume they operate over bidirectional links, ignoring the possibility of routing over unidirectional links. However, experiments show this is not always the case since device heterogeneity and environmental factors can lead to asymmetric links. Our main contribution consists on the design of algorithms that are capable of using unidirectional links to route packets. We took on a Software Defined Networking approach, as its centralized feature allows for a generic and efficient solution to the challenge of routing over unidirectional links. We conducted experiments to investigate the trade-offs between fully using all available links in the network and the additional overhead required in maintaining unidirectional routes. The gist of our findings is that unidirectional links must be considered during protocol design, while actually leveraging such links for routing tends to improve network metrics, especially if the links are long-reaching.
Referências
Alves, R. C. A. and Margi, C. B. (2017). Discovery protocols for SDN-based Wireless In XXXV SBrT, São Pedro SP, Brazil. Sensor Networks with unidirectional links. Sociedade Brasileira de Telecomunicações.
Alves, R. C. A. and Margi, C. B. (2020). Can You Hear Me? A Metric for Link Asymmetry. Open Journal of Internet Of Things (OJIOT), 6(1):82–88.
Alves, R. C. A., Margi, C. B., and Kuipers, F. A. (2019a). No way back? An SDN protocol for directed IoT networks. In 15th WONS, Wengen, Switzerland. IEEE.
Alves, R. C. A., Margi, C. B., and Kuipers, F. A. (2020). Know when to listen: SDN-based protocols for directed IoT networks. Computer Communications, 150:672–686.
Alves, R. C. A., Oliveira, D., Segura, G. N., and Margi, C. B. (2017). IT-SDN: ImIn XXXV SBRC, Belém. Sociedade Brasileira de proved architecture for SDWSN. Computação.
Alves, R. C. A., Oliveira, D. A. G., Segura, G. A. N., and Margi, C. B. (2019b). The cost of software-defining things: A scalability study of software-defined sensor networks. IEEE Access, 7:115093–115108.
Chen, X., Dai, Z., Li, W., and Shi, H. (2013). Performance guaranteed routing protocols for asymmetric sensor networks. IEEE Transactions on Emerging Topics in Computing, 1(1):111–120.
Dunkels, A. (2011). The ContikiMAC Radio Duty Cycling Protocol. Technical Report T2011:13, Swedish Institute of Computer Science.
Karnapke, R. and Nolte, J. (2015). Unidirectional link counter a routing protocol for wireless sensor networks with many unidirectional links. In Ad Hoc Networking Workshop (MED-HOC-NET), 2015 14th Annual Mediterranean, pages 1–7.
Kim, H.-S., Lee, M.-S., Choi, Y.-J., Ko, J., and Bahk, S. (2016). Reliable and energy-efficient downward packet delivery in asymmetric transmission power-based networks. ACM Transaction on Sensor Networks, 12(4):34:1–34:25.
Liu, Q., Cheng, L., Alves, R., Ozcelebi, T., Kuipers, F., Xu, G., Lukkien, J., and Chen, S. (2021). Cluster-based ow control in hybrid software-defined wireless sensor networks. Computer Networks, 187:107788.
Margi, C. B., Alves, R. C. A., Segura, G. A. N., and Oliveira, D. A. G. (2018). Software-defined wireless sensor networks approach: Southbound protocol and its performance evaluation. Open Journal of Internet Of Things (OJIOT), 4(1):99–108.
Ramasubramanian, V. and Mosse, D. (2008). BRA: A Bidirectional Routing Abstraction IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking, for asymmetric mobile ad hoc networks. 16(1):116–129.
