O impacto de ataques RoQ em redes 802.11 com controle de potência de transmissão
Resumo
O IEEE 802.11 possui duas funções coordenadoras, denominadas DCF e PCF, responsáveis pelo controle de acesso ao meio. Além disso, técnicas de controle de potência de transmissão (CPT) têm sido utilizadas para assegurar que a rede tenha uma maior economia de energia e uma maior vazão de dados através do reuso espacial. Contudo, tanto o 802.11 quanto as técnicas de CPT são vulneráveis a ataques de redução da qualidade de serviço (RoQ), devido à necessidade das estações manterem um comportamento de transmissão padrão. Os ataques RoQ têm a finalidade de aumentar a vazão do tráfego dos atacantes com o intuito de produzir um dano máximo na rede e evitar mecanismos de detecção ou prevenção. Este trabalho analisa como os ataques RoQ, self-whiper, flooding e round-robin afetam o protocolo IEEE 802.11 padrão e as técnicas de CPT. Resultados mostram que a técnica AEWMA apresentou a maior economia de energia na presença de qualquer ataque. Além disso, o reuso espacial não foi afetado, exceto diante do ataque self-whisper com 30% e 50% de atacantes.
Referências
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Baldo, N., Maguolo, F., Miozzo, M., Rossi, M., and Zorzi, M. (2007). ns2-miracle: a modular framework for multi-technology and cross-layer support in network simulator 2. In Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Performance evaluation methodologies and tools (ValueTools ’07), pages 1–8, ICST, Brussels, Belgium, Belgium.
Bali, T. G. (2003). The generalized extreme value distribution. Economics Letters, 79(3):423–427.
Chen, H.-H., Fan, Z., and Li, J. (2006). Autonomous power control mac protocol for mobile ad hoc networks. EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communication and Networking, 2006(2).
Chen, Y. and Hwang, K. (2007). Spectral analysis of tcp flows for defense against reduction-of-quality attacks. In Proceedings of the 2007 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC ’07), pages 1203–1210.
Correia, L. H. A., Macedo, D. F., dos Santos, A. L., Loureiro, A. A., and Nogueira, J. M. In 24º Simpósio (2006). Ajustando a potência de transmissão em protocolos mac. Brasileiro de Redes de Computadores, pages 589–604.
Gast, M. (2005). 802.11 Wireless Networks: The Definitive Guide, Second Edition (Definitive Guide). O’Reilly Media, Inc.
Guirguis, M., Bestavros, A., and Matta, I. (2004). Exploiting the transients of adaptation for roq attacks on internet resources. In Proceedings of the 12th IEEE International Conference on Network Protocols (ICNP’04), pages 184–195, Washington, DC, USA. IEEE Computer Society.
Guirguis, M., Bestavros, A., and Matta, I. (2006). On the impact of low-rate attacks. Technical report, CS Department, Boston University.
Guirguis, M., Bestavros, A., Matta, I., and Zhang, Y. (2005). Reduction of quality (roq) attacks on internet end-systems. In Proceedings of the 24 th IEEE International Conference on Computer Communication (Infocom’05), pages 1362–1372.
Guirguis, M., Bestavros, A., Matta, I., and Zhang, Y. (2007). Reduction of quality (roq) attacks on dynamic load balancers: Vulnerability assessment and design tradeoffs. In Proceedings of the 26th IEEE International Conference on Computer Communication (Infocom’07).
Hansmann, U., Nicklous, M. S., and Stober, T. (2001). Pervasive computing handbook. Springer-Verlag New York, Inc., New York, NY, USA.
Jung, E.-S. and Vaidya, N. H. (2002). A power control mac protocol for ad hoc networks. In Proceedings of the 8th annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking (MobiCom ’02), pages 36–47, New York, NY, USA. ACM.
Karn, P. (1990). Maca — a new channel access method for packet radio. In Proceedings of the ARRL/CRRL Amateur Radio 9th Computer Networking Conference, pages 134–140.
Khattab, S., Mosse, D., and Melhem, R. (2008). Jamming mitigation in multi-radio wireless networks: reactive or proactive? In Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Security and privacy in communication netowrks (SecureComm ’08), pages 1–10, New York, NY, USA. ACM.
Monks, J. P. (2001). Transmission power control for enhancing the performance of wireless packet data networks. Technical report.
Pires, A. A., Fontes, M. F., and de Rezende, J. F. (2004). Proposta e avaliação de um esquema de controle de potência com memória em redes ad hoc 802.11. In 22º Simpósio Brasileiro de Redes de Computadores.
Ren, W., yan Yeung, D., Jin, H., and Yang, M. (2008). Pulsing roq ddos attack and defense scheme in mobile ad hoc networks.
Su, X. and Boppana, R. V. (2007). On the impact of noise on mobile ad hoc networks. In Proceedings of the 2007 international conference on Wireless communications and mobile computing (IWCMC ’07), pages 208–213, New York, NY, USA. ACM.
Weiser, M. (1999). The computer for the 21st century. ACM SIGMOBILE Mobile Computing and Communications Review, 3(3):3–11.
Publicado
28/09/2009
Como Citar
BARROS, Urlan S. de; FREIRE, Tiago de C.; LIMA, Michele N.; CORREIA, Luiz H. A.; SANTOS, Aldri L. dos.
O impacto de ataques RoQ em redes 802.11 com controle de potência de transmissão. In: SIMPÓSIO BRASILEIRO DE SEGURANÇA DA INFORMAÇÃO E DE SISTEMAS COMPUTACIONAIS (SBSEG), 9. , 2009, Campinas.
Anais [...].
Porto Alegre: Sociedade Brasileira de Computação,
2009
.
p. 57-70.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5753/sbseg.2009.20623.
