Automatic Annotation of Enhanced Universal Dependencies for Brazilian Portuguese

• Elvis A. de Souza USP http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9373-7412
• Magali S. Duran USP https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3843-4600
• Maria das Graças V. Nunes USP https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2776-6140
• Gustavo Sampaio USP https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9067-8400
• Giovanna Belasco USP https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1737-3312
• Thiago A. S. Pardo USP https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2111-1319

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5753/stil.2024.245342

Resumo

This paper presents the first attempt to automatically annotate Enhanced Universal Dependencies for Brazilian Portuguese. We use a symbolic annotation system, based on graph rewriting rules, and modify its original rules to better suit the linguistic characteristics of Portuguese using a manually annotated sample from the journalistic portion of Porttinari treebank as ground truth. Our objective is to assess the performance of the automatic annotation for a novel language and to determine the extent of possible improvements through rule modifications. Results demonstrate significant performance enhancements, where linguistic-driven rule adjustments improved the annotation accuracy 11.38 points, achieving 96.05% F1-score.

Palavras-chave: Enhanced Dependencies, Universal Dependencies, syntactic annotation, corpus annotation, graph rewriting

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