Domínios, aplicações, desafios e oportunidades sobre Non-Fungible Tokens (NFT): Um mapeamento sistemático da literatura
Resumo
Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs) têm ganhado visibilidade pelo seu uso no mundo das artes digitais e jogos. O padrão ERC-721 permite ter tokens únicos, ou seja, não intercambiáveis no ecossistema Blockchain. Este artigo apresenta resultados de um mapeamento sistemático visando trazer horizontes de pesquisa e potenciais caminhos que podem ser explorados com as tecnologias blockchain e NFT, elencando os principais domínios, aplicações, desafios e oportunidades envolvendo ambas as tecnologias. As principais contribuições deste trabalho são: (1) identificação dos principais domínios e aplicações em que o NFT está sendo empregado; (2) desafios e oportunidades de pesquisa relacionadas a blockchain e NFT. Os principais desafios estão em pontos como a dificuldade de se gerenciar chaves privadas, a propriedade dos dados, propriedade intelectual e legislação com pouca orientação em relação a direitos autorais e ao uso de NFTs. Há ainda desafios e oportunidades no desenvolvimento das soluções de software, em especial quanto à definição de um ciclo de vida de desenvolvimento dos tokens.
Palavras-chave:
contratos inteligentes, blockchain, tokens não fungíveis (NFT), ERC-721, ERC-1155
Referências
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Karapapas, C., Pittaras, I., and Polyzos, G. C. (2021). Fully decentralized trading games with evolvable characters using nfts and ipfs. In 2021 IFIP Networking Conference (IFIP Networking), pages 1–2.
Khan, U., An, Z. Y., and Imran, A. (2020). A blockchain ethereum technology-enabled digital content: Development of trading and sharing economy data. IEEE Access, 8:217045–217056.
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Mofokeng, N. and Fatima, T. (2018). Future tourism trends: Utilizing non-fungible tokens to aid wildlife conservation. African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure, 7(4):1–20.
Muthe, K. B., Sharma, K., and Sri, K. E. N. (2020). A blockchain based decentralized computing and nft infrastructure for game networks. In 2020 Second International Conference on Blockchain Computing and Applications (BCCA), pages 73–77.
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Nakamoto, S. (2008). Bitcoin: A peer-to-peer electronic cash system. Decentralized Business Review, page 21260.
Pirker, D., Fischer, T., Witschnig, H., and Steger, C. (2021). velink a blockchain-based shared mobility platform for private and commercial vehicles utilizing erc-721 tokens. In 2021 IEEE 5th International Conference on Cryptography, Security and Privacy (CSP), pages 62–67.
Talamo, E. and Pennacchi, A. (2020). Idtoken: a new decentralized approach to digital identi-ty. Open Identity Summit 2020.
Wang, Q., Li, R., Wang, Q., and Chen, S. (2021). Non-fungible token (nft): Overview, evaluation, opportunities and challenges. arXiv preprint arXiv:2105.07447.
Watanabe, H., Ishida, T., Ohashi, S., Fujimura, S., Nakadaira, A., Hidaka, K., and Kishigami, J. (2019). Enhancing blockchain traceability with dag-based tokens. In 2019 IEEE International Conference on Blockchain (Blockchain), pages 220–227. IEEE.
Westerkamp, M., Victor, F., and Küpper, A. (2020). Tracing manufacturing processes using blockchain-based token compositions. Digital Communications and Networks, 6(2):167–176.
Wöhrer, M. and Zdun, U. (2018). Design patterns for smart contracts in the ethereum ecosystem. In 2018 IEEE International Conference on Internet of Things (iThings) and IEEE Green Computing and Communications (GreenCom) and IEEE Cyber, Physical and Social Computing (CPSCom) and IEEE Smart Data (SmartData), pages 1513–1520.
Zetzsche, D. A., Buckley, R. P., Arner, D. W., and Fohr, L. (2019). The ico gold rush: It’s a scam, it’s a bubble, it’s a super challenge for regulators. Harv. Int’l LJ, 60:267.
Chalmers, D., Fisch, C., Matthews, R., Quinn, W., and Recker, J. (2022). Beyond the bubble: Will nfts and digital proof of ownership empower creative industry entrepreneurs? Journal of Business Venturing Insights, 17:e00309.
Chirtoaca, D., Ellul, J., and Azzopardi, G. (2020). A framework for creating deployable smart contracts for non-fungible tokens on the ethereum blockchain. In 2020 IEEE International Conference on Decentralized Applications and Infrastructures (DAPPS), pages 100–105.
Cocco, L., Pinna, A., and Meloni, G. (2020). A Blockchain Oriented Software Application in the Revised Payments Service Directive Context, page 762–769. Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA.
Cornelius, K. (2021). Betraying blockchain: Accountability, transparency and document standards for non-fungible tokens (nfts). Information, 12(9):358.
Domingue, J., Third, A., and Ramachandran, M. (2019). The fair trade framework for assessing decentralised data solutions. In Companion Proceedings of The 2019 World Wide Web Conference, WWW ’19, page 866–882, New York, NY, USA. Association for Computing Machinery.
Dos Santos, R. B., Torrisi, N. M., and Pantoni, R. P. (2021). Third party certification of agri-food supply chain using smart contracts and blockchain tokens. Sensors, 21(16):5307.
Dounas, T., Jabi, W., and Lombardi, D. (2021). Topology generated non-fungible tokens: blockchain as infrastructure for a circular economy in architectural design.
Felipe Munoz, M., Zhang, K., Shahzad, A., and Ouhimmou, M. (2021). Loglog: A blockchain solution for tracking and certifying wood volumes. In 2021 IEEE International Conference on Blockchain and Cryptocurrency (ICBC), pages 1–9.
Fowler, A. and Pirker, J. (2021). Tokenfication The Potential of Non-Fungible Tokens (NFT) for Game Development, page 152–157. Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA.
Garcia-Teruel, R. M. and Simón-Moreno, H. (2021). The digital tokenization of property rights. a comparative perspective. Computer Law Security Review, 41:105543.
Hamledari, H. and Fischer, M. (2021). Construction payment automation using blockchain-enabled smart contracts and robotic reality capture technologies. Automation in Construction, 132:103926.
Hasan, M. and Starly, B. (2020). Decentralized cloud manufacturing-as-a-service (cmaas) platform architecture with configurable digital assets. Journal of manufacturing systems, 56:157–174.
Karandikar, N., Chakravorty, A., and Rong, C. (2021). Blockchain based transaction system with fungible and non-fungible tokens for a community-based energy infrastructure. Sensors, 21(11):3822.
Karapapas, C., Pittaras, I., and Polyzos, G. C. (2021). Fully decentralized trading games with evolvable characters using nfts and ipfs. In 2021 IFIP Networking Conference (IFIP Networking), pages 1–2.
Khan, U., An, Z. Y., and Imran, A. (2020). A blockchain ethereum technology-enabled digital content: Development of trading and sharing economy data. IEEE Access, 8:217045–217056.
Kuhn, M., Funk, F., and Franke, J. (2021a). Blockchain architecture for automotive traceability. Procedia CIRP, 97:390–395. 8th CIRP Conference of Assembly Technology and Systems.
Kuhn, M., Funk, F., Zhang, G., and Franke, J. (2021b). Blockchain-based application for the traceability of complex assembly structures. Journal of Manufacturing Systems, 59:617–630.
Lin, I.-C. and Liao, T.-C. (2017). A survey of blockchain security issues and challenges. Int. J. Netw. Secur., 19(5):653–659.
Madhwal, Y., Chistiakov, I., and Yanovich, Y. (2021). Logging multi-component supply chain production in blockchain. In 2021 The 4th International Conference on Computers in Management and Business, ICCMB 2021, page 83–88, New York, NY, USA. Association for Computing Machinery.
Mofokeng, N. and Fatima, T. (2018). Future tourism trends: Utilizing non-fungible tokens to aid wildlife conservation. African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure, 7(4):1–20.
Muthe, K. B., Sharma, K., and Sri, K. E. N. (2020). A blockchain based decentralized computing and nft infrastructure for game networks. In 2020 Second International Conference on Blockchain Computing and Applications (BCCA), pages 73–77.
Nakagawa, E. Y., Scannavino, K. R. F., Fabbri, S. C. P. F., and Ferrari, F. C. (2017). Revisão sistemática da literatura em engenharia de software: teoria e prática.
Nakamoto, S. (2008). Bitcoin: A peer-to-peer electronic cash system. Decentralized Business Review, page 21260.
Pirker, D., Fischer, T., Witschnig, H., and Steger, C. (2021). velink a blockchain-based shared mobility platform for private and commercial vehicles utilizing erc-721 tokens. In 2021 IEEE 5th International Conference on Cryptography, Security and Privacy (CSP), pages 62–67.
Talamo, E. and Pennacchi, A. (2020). Idtoken: a new decentralized approach to digital identi-ty. Open Identity Summit 2020.
Wang, Q., Li, R., Wang, Q., and Chen, S. (2021). Non-fungible token (nft): Overview, evaluation, opportunities and challenges. arXiv preprint arXiv:2105.07447.
Watanabe, H., Ishida, T., Ohashi, S., Fujimura, S., Nakadaira, A., Hidaka, K., and Kishigami, J. (2019). Enhancing blockchain traceability with dag-based tokens. In 2019 IEEE International Conference on Blockchain (Blockchain), pages 220–227. IEEE.
Westerkamp, M., Victor, F., and Küpper, A. (2020). Tracing manufacturing processes using blockchain-based token compositions. Digital Communications and Networks, 6(2):167–176.
Wöhrer, M. and Zdun, U. (2018). Design patterns for smart contracts in the ethereum ecosystem. In 2018 IEEE International Conference on Internet of Things (iThings) and IEEE Green Computing and Communications (GreenCom) and IEEE Cyber, Physical and Social Computing (CPSCom) and IEEE Smart Data (SmartData), pages 1513–1520.
Zetzsche, D. A., Buckley, R. P., Arner, D. W., and Fohr, L. (2019). The ico gold rush: It’s a scam, it’s a bubble, it’s a super challenge for regulators. Harv. Int’l LJ, 60:267.
Publicado
31/07/2022
Como Citar
VELASCO, Gislainy Crisostomo; CARVALHO, Sergio T..
Domínios, aplicações, desafios e oportunidades sobre Non-Fungible Tokens (NFT): Um mapeamento sistemático da literatura. In: WORKSHOP SOBRE ASPECTOS SOCIAIS, HUMANOS E ECONÔMICOS DE SOFTWARE (WASHES), 7. , 2022, Niterói.
Anais [...].
Porto Alegre: Sociedade Brasileira de Computação,
2022
.
p. 41-50.
ISSN 2763-874X.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5753/washes.2022.223284.
