Assistive technologies to assist the visually impaired in creating and reading graphic content: a systematic review of the literature

• Leonardo Zamprogno UFPA
• Bruno Merlin UFPA
• João Ferreira IFPA
• Heleno Fülber UFPA
• Allan Veras UFPA

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5753/wei.2019.6635

Abstract

Graphic contents are key resources to display certain informations. People with visual impairments do not have an easy access to this resource because of their impairment. Assistive technologies have been developed to help them access graphic content. This article presents a systematic review of the literature that aims at conducting a survey about assistive technologies developed to assist visual impaired people in reading and interpreting graphic contents. The review followed the proposed guidelines for this kind of research and, as a result, presents 51 studies about technologies that help visual impairment peoples in the creation and reading of graphic contents. We observed that, in this field of research, it is possible to improve technologies that will help to reduce the limitations found by the visually impaired individuals in accessing graphic contents and thus to reach higher levels of accessibility.

References

Baker, Catherine M et al. Tactile Graphics with a Voice. ACM Transactions on AccessibleComputing, v. 8, n. 1, p. 1–22, 2016.

Bau, Olivier et al. TeslaTouch: Electrovibration for Touch Surfaces. In: Proceedings of the 23nd annual ACM Symposium on user interface software and technology - UIST ’10 2010, Anais. New York, USA: ACM Press, 2010.
Disponível em:

Bornschein, Jens; Bornschein, Denise; Weber, Gerhard. (2018) Blind Pictionary: Drawing Application for Blind Users. In: 2018 CHI Conf. Human Factors Comput. Systems. New York, NY, USA.

Brasil. Subsecretaria Nacional de Promoção dos Direitos da Pessoa com Deficiência. Comitê de Ajudas Técnicas. Tec. Assistiva (CAT). – Brasília: CORDE, 2009. 138 p.

Brown, Craig; Hurst, Amy. (2012) Viztouch: Automatically Generated Tactile Visualizations of Coordinate Spaces. Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Tangible, Embedded and Embodied Interaction - TEI ’12.

Costa, Laisa C. P. Et al. (2015) Accessible educational digital book on tablets for people with visual impairment. IEEE Trans. Consum. Electron., v. 61, n. 3, p. 271–278.

Fusco, Giovanni; Morash, Valerie S. (2015) The Tactile Graphics Helper: Providing Audio Clarification for Tactile Graphics Using Machine Vision. In: Proc. 17TH Int. ACM SIGACCESS Conf. Comput. & Access. New York, NY, USA.

Gardner, John; Bulatov, Vladimir. (2006) Scientific Diagrams Made Easy with IVEO. ICCHP – Inter. Conf. On Computers Helping People with Special Needs.

Giudice, Nicholas A. Et al. (2012) Learning Non-visual Graphical Information Using a Touch-based Vibro-audio Interface. In: Proc. Of 14 th International ACM Conference on Computers and Accessibility 2012, New York, NY, USA.

Goncu, Cagatay; Marriott, Kim. (2008) Tactile Chart Generation Tool. In: Proc. Of the 10 th International Conference on Computer and Accessibility 2008, New York, USA.

Goncu, Cagatay; Marriott, Kim. (2011) Gravvitas: Generic Multi-touch Presentation of Accessible Graphics. In: Proc. of the 13 th IFIP International Conference on Human- Computer Interaction – Vol Part I 2011, Berlin, Heidelberg. Springer-Verlag.

Goncu, C.; Marriott, K. Creating ebooks with Accessible Graphics Content. In: Proc. of the 2015 ACM Symposium on Document Engineering. 2015a, New York, NY, USA.

Goncu, Cagatay; Marriott, Kim. Gracalc: An Accessible Graphing Calculator. In: Proc. of the 17 th Intern. Conf. on Computer and Accessibility. 2015b, New York, USA.

Goncu, Cagatay; Marriott, Kim; Hurst, John. (2010) Usability of Accessible Bar Charts. In: Proc. of the 6 th International Conference on Diagrammatic Representation and Inference 2010, Berlin, Heidelberg.

He, Liang et al. (2017) Tactile: A Preliminary Toolchain for Creating Accessible Graphics with 3D-Printed Overlays and Auditory Annotations. In: Proc of the 19 th Conference on Computers and Accessibility 2017, New York, NY, USA.

Hribar, Victoria E.; Deal, Laura G.; Pawluk, Dianne T. V. Displaying braille and graphics with a “tactile mouse”. In: Proceedings of the 14 th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference On Computers And Accessibility - ASSETS ’12 2012, New York, New York, USA. Anais. 2012. Disponível em:

Jayant, Chandrika et al. (2007) Automated tactile graphics translation. Proc. Of the 9th intern. ACM SIGACCESS conf. On Computers and accessibility - Assets 07.

Kitchenham, Barbara; Charters, Stuart. Guidelines for performing Systematic Literature Reviews in Software Engineering Version 2.3. EBSE Techinal Report. Keele, UK: Keele University, 2007.

Krufka, S. E.; Barner, K. E. (2005) Automatic production of tactile graphics from scalable vector graphics. In: ASSETS 2005 – 7th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility 2005.

Landau, Steven et al. (2008) Demonstration of a universally accessible audio-haptic transit map built on a digital pen-based platform. 3rd International Haptic and Auditory Interaction Design Workshop.

Landau, Steven; Russel, Michael; Erin, Jane N. (2007) Using the Talking Tactile Tablet as a Testing Accommodation. Review: Rehabilitation and Educ. for Blindness and Visual Impairment.

Maucher, Thorsten; Schemmel, Johannes; Meier, Karlheinz. (2000) The Heidelberg Tactile Vision Substitution System. International Conference on Computers Helping People with Special Needs (ICCHP2000).

Mcgookin, David K.; Brewster, Stephen a. (2006) Multivis: improving access to visualisations for visually impaired people. Proc. of ACM CHI 2006 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems.

Mcgookin, David; Brewster, Stephen; Jiang, Weiwei. Investigating touchscreen accessibility for people with visual impairments. In: Proceedings of the 5th nordic conference on human-computer interaction building bridges, New York: USA, 2008.

Petit, Grégory et al. Refreshable Tactile Graphics Applied to Schoolbook Illustrations for Students with Visual Impairment. In: Proceedings of the 10 th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility 2008, New York, NY, USA. Anais... New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2008. Disponível em:

Pupo, Deise T.; Melo, Amanda Meincke; Ferrés, Sofia Pérez. Acessibilidade: Discurso e Prática no Cotidiano das Bibliotecas. Campinas - SP: UNICAMP/Biblioteca. 2006.

Silva, Chirley C. M. da; Turatto, Jaqueline; Machado, Lizete Helena. Os deficientes visuais e o acesso à informação Rev. Biblioteconomia em Santa Catarina, 2002.

Suzuki, Ryo et al. Fluxmarker: Enhancing Tactile Graphics with Dynamic Tactile Markers. In: Proc. of the 19th International Conference on Computers and Accessibility 2017, New York, USA.

Yu, Wai; Brewster, Stephen. (2002) Comparing two haptic interfaces for multimodal graph rendering. Proceedings - 10th Symposium on Haptic Interfaces for Virtual Environment and Teleoperator Systems, HAPTICS 2002, p. 3–9.

Zebehazy, Kim T.; Wilton, Adam P. (2014) Straight from the Source: Perceptions of Students with Visual Impair. about Graphic Use. Journal of Visual Impair. & Blindness.