Analisando Trocas Sociais Baseadas em Personalidades Através de Cadeias de Markov Intervalares
Resumo
Neste trabalho analisam-se interações entre pares de agentes baseados em personalidades, entendidas como processos de trocas sociais modelados por Cadeias de Markov com probabilidades imprecisas. Os comportamentos baseados em personalidades que os agentes apresentam são modelados como funções de transição probabilísticas, onde probabilidades intervalares são utilizadas para expressar a incerteza na determinação destas probabilidades. Diversos tipos de traços de personalidades são discutidos e apresenta-se um estudo sobre duas amostras de tais traços: (i) obediência cega ou eventual a, ou total desconsideração de, recomendações dadas por algum mecanismo de regulação das interações; e (ii) fanatismo, tolerância, egoísmo e altruísmo, em conexão com as trocas que os agentes preferem realizar.
Referências
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Campos, M. A. (2000). Interval probabilities, application to discrete ramdom variables. TEMA – Tendências Em Matemática Aplicada e Computacional, 1(2):333–344.
Carbonell, J. G. (1980). Towards a process model of human personality traits. Artificial Intelligence, 15(1,2):49–74.
Castelfranchi, C., Dignum, F., Jonker, C., and Treur, J. (2000). Deliberate normative agents: Principles and architecture. In Jennings, N. R. and Lesperance, Y., editors, Proc. of the 6th Intl. Workshop on Agent Theories, Architectures, and Languages, ATAL’99, Orlando, 1999, number 1757 in LNAI, pages 364–378, Berlin. Springer.
Castelfranchi, C., Rosis, F., Falcone, R., and Pizzutilo, S. (1997). A testbed for investigating personality-based multiagent cooperation. In Proc. of the Symp. on Logical Approaches to Agent Modeling and Design, Aix-en-Provence.
Castelfranchi, C., Rosis, F., Falcone, R., and Pizzutilo, S. (1998). Personality traits and social attitudes in multiagent cooperation. Applied Artificial Intelligence, 12:649–675.
Coelho, F. and Coelho, H. (2003). Towards individual power design: Rediscovering the will of acting agents. In Proc. Encontro Português de Inteligência Artificial, EPIA’03, Beja.
Costa, A. C. R. and Dimuro, G. P. (2004). The case for using exchange values in the modelling of collaborative learning interactions. In Mostow, J. and Tedesco, P., editors, Proc. of II Intl. Work. on Designing Computational Models of Collaborative Learning Interaction (at 7th ITS), pages 19–24, Maceió.
Dimuro, G. P. and Costa, A. C. R. (2005). Qualitative markov decision processes and the coordination of social exchanges in multi-agent systems. In Gmytrasiewicz, P. and Parsons, S., editors, Proc. of the Workshop on Game Theoretic and Decision Theoretic Agents (at IJCAI’05), Edinburgh.
Dimuro, G. P. and Costa, A. C. R. (2006). Exchange values and self-regulation of exchanges in multi-agent systems: the provisory, centralized model. In Brueckner, S., Serugendo, G. M., Hales, D., and Zambonelli, F., editors, Engineering Self-Organising Systems: Revised Selected Papers of the 3rd Intl. Work., ESOA’05, Utrecht, 2005, number 3910 in LNAI, pages 75–89, Berlin. Springer.
Dimuro, G. P., Costa, A. C. R., Gonçalves, L. V., and Hübner, A. (2006a). Centralized regulation of social exchanges between personality-based agents. In Boella, G., Boissier, O., Matson, E., and Vazquez-Salceda, J., editors, Proc. of Work. on Coordination, Organization, Institutions and Norms in Agent Systems, pages 16–23, Riva del Garda.
Dimuro, G. P., Costa, A. C. R., Gonçalves, L. V., and Hübner, A. (2006b). Regulating social exchanges between personality-based non-transparent agents. In Gelbukh, A. and Reyes-Garcia, C. A., editors, Advances in Artificial Intelligence, Proc. of 5th Mexican Intl. Conf. on Artificial Intelligence, MICAI’06, Apizaco, 2006, number 4293 in LNCS, pages 1105–1115, Berlin. Springer.
Dimuro, G. P., Costa, A. C. R., and Palazzo, L. A. M. (2005). Systems of exchange values as tools for multi-agent organizations. Journal of the Brazilian Computer Society, 11(1):31–50. (Special Issue on Agents’ Organizations).
Franco, M. H. I. and Costa, A. C. R. (2007). Towards a protocol for negotiations about exchange values involved in multiagent interactions. In Proc. of CMNA - Work. on Computational Models of Natural Argumentation, at IJCAI 2007, Hyderabad.
Grigoletti, P. S., Dimuro, G. P., and Barboza, L. V. (2006a). Análise intervalar de circuitos elétricos. TEMA – Tendências em Matemática Aplicada e Computacional, 7(2). (in Portuguese, to appear).
Grigoletti, P. S., Dimuro, G. P., and Barboza, L. V. (2006b). Módulo Python para matemática intervalar. In Proc. of XXIX CNMAC – Congresso Nacional de Matemática Aplicada e Computacional, Campinas. (in Portuguese, available at [link]).
Kozine, I. O. and Utkin, L. V. (2002). Interval-valued finite markov chains. Reliable Computing, 8(2):97–113.
Kulisch, U. (1999). Advanced arithmetic for the digital computer, design of arithmetic units. Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science, 24.
Lopes, F., Mamede, N., Novais, A. Q., and Coelho, H. (2004). Negotiation strategies for autonomous computational agents. In Proc. of the of the European Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Valencia.
López, F. L., Luck, M., and d’Inverno, M. (2002). Constraining autonomy through norms. In Proc. of the 1st Intl Joint Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems, AAMAS’02, pages 674–681, Bologna.
Miceli, M. and Castelfranchi, C. (2000). The role of evaluation in cognition and social interaction. In Dautenhahn, K., editor, Human cognition and agent technology, pages 225–262. John Benjamins, Amsterdam.
Moore, R. E. (1979). Methods and Applications of Interval Analysis. SIAM, Philadelphia.
Norris, J. R. (1997). Markov Chains. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Piaget, J. (1995). Sociological Studies. Routlege, London.
Rodrigues, M. R. and Costa, A. C. R. (2004). Using qualitative exchange values to improve the modelling of social interactions. In Hales, D., Edmonds, B., Norling, E., and Rouchier, J., editors, Proc. of IV Work. on Agent Based Simulations, MABS’03, Melbourne, 2003, number 2927 in LNAI, pages 57–72, Berlin. Springer.
Rodrigues, M. R., Costa, A. C. R., and Bordini, R. (2003). A system of exchange values to support social interactions in artificial societes. In Proc. II Intl Conf. on Autonomous Agents and Multiag. Systems, AAMAS’03, pages 81–88, Melbourne. ACM Press.
Rodrigues, M. R. and Luck, M. (2006a). Analysing partner selection through exchange values. In Antunes, L. and Sichman, J., editors, Proc. of VI Work. on Agent Based Simulations, MABS’05, Utrecht, 2005, number 3891 in LNAI, pages 24–40, Berlin. Springer.
Rodrigues, M. R. and Luck, M. (2006b). Cooperative interactions: an exchange values model. In Boella, G., Boissier, O., Matson, E., and Vazquez-Salceda, J., editors, Proc. of the Work. on Coordination, Organization, Institutions and Norms in Agent Systems (at ECAI’06), COIN@ECAI’06, Riva del Garda, 2006, pages 63–70.
Sichman, J., Conte, R., Demazeau, Y., and Castelfranchi, C. (1994). A social reasoning mechanism based on dependence networks. In Proc. of the 12th European Conference on Artificial Intelligence, ECAI’94, Amsterdam.
Walley, P. (1991). Statistical Reasoning with Imprecise Probabilities. Chapman & Hall, London.
Walsh, W. E. and Wellman, M. P. (1998). A market protocol for distributed task allocation. In Proc. III Intl. Conf. on Multiagent Systems, pages 325–332, Paris.
Zadeh, L. (1970). Theory of approximate reasoning. In Hayes, J., Michie, D., and Mikulich, L. I., editors, Machine Intelligence, pages 149–194. Ellis Horwood.
Campos, M. A. (2000). Interval probabilities, application to discrete ramdom variables. TEMA – Tendências Em Matemática Aplicada e Computacional, 1(2):333–344.
Carbonell, J. G. (1980). Towards a process model of human personality traits. Artificial Intelligence, 15(1,2):49–74.
Castelfranchi, C., Dignum, F., Jonker, C., and Treur, J. (2000). Deliberate normative agents: Principles and architecture. In Jennings, N. R. and Lesperance, Y., editors, Proc. of the 6th Intl. Workshop on Agent Theories, Architectures, and Languages, ATAL’99, Orlando, 1999, number 1757 in LNAI, pages 364–378, Berlin. Springer.
Castelfranchi, C., Rosis, F., Falcone, R., and Pizzutilo, S. (1997). A testbed for investigating personality-based multiagent cooperation. In Proc. of the Symp. on Logical Approaches to Agent Modeling and Design, Aix-en-Provence.
Castelfranchi, C., Rosis, F., Falcone, R., and Pizzutilo, S. (1998). Personality traits and social attitudes in multiagent cooperation. Applied Artificial Intelligence, 12:649–675.
Coelho, F. and Coelho, H. (2003). Towards individual power design: Rediscovering the will of acting agents. In Proc. Encontro Português de Inteligência Artificial, EPIA’03, Beja.
Costa, A. C. R. and Dimuro, G. P. (2004). The case for using exchange values in the modelling of collaborative learning interactions. In Mostow, J. and Tedesco, P., editors, Proc. of II Intl. Work. on Designing Computational Models of Collaborative Learning Interaction (at 7th ITS), pages 19–24, Maceió.
Dimuro, G. P. and Costa, A. C. R. (2005). Qualitative markov decision processes and the coordination of social exchanges in multi-agent systems. In Gmytrasiewicz, P. and Parsons, S., editors, Proc. of the Workshop on Game Theoretic and Decision Theoretic Agents (at IJCAI’05), Edinburgh.
Dimuro, G. P. and Costa, A. C. R. (2006). Exchange values and self-regulation of exchanges in multi-agent systems: the provisory, centralized model. In Brueckner, S., Serugendo, G. M., Hales, D., and Zambonelli, F., editors, Engineering Self-Organising Systems: Revised Selected Papers of the 3rd Intl. Work., ESOA’05, Utrecht, 2005, number 3910 in LNAI, pages 75–89, Berlin. Springer.
Dimuro, G. P., Costa, A. C. R., Gonçalves, L. V., and Hübner, A. (2006a). Centralized regulation of social exchanges between personality-based agents. In Boella, G., Boissier, O., Matson, E., and Vazquez-Salceda, J., editors, Proc. of Work. on Coordination, Organization, Institutions and Norms in Agent Systems, pages 16–23, Riva del Garda.
Dimuro, G. P., Costa, A. C. R., Gonçalves, L. V., and Hübner, A. (2006b). Regulating social exchanges between personality-based non-transparent agents. In Gelbukh, A. and Reyes-Garcia, C. A., editors, Advances in Artificial Intelligence, Proc. of 5th Mexican Intl. Conf. on Artificial Intelligence, MICAI’06, Apizaco, 2006, number 4293 in LNCS, pages 1105–1115, Berlin. Springer.
Dimuro, G. P., Costa, A. C. R., and Palazzo, L. A. M. (2005). Systems of exchange values as tools for multi-agent organizations. Journal of the Brazilian Computer Society, 11(1):31–50. (Special Issue on Agents’ Organizations).
Franco, M. H. I. and Costa, A. C. R. (2007). Towards a protocol for negotiations about exchange values involved in multiagent interactions. In Proc. of CMNA - Work. on Computational Models of Natural Argumentation, at IJCAI 2007, Hyderabad.
Grigoletti, P. S., Dimuro, G. P., and Barboza, L. V. (2006a). Análise intervalar de circuitos elétricos. TEMA – Tendências em Matemática Aplicada e Computacional, 7(2). (in Portuguese, to appear).
Grigoletti, P. S., Dimuro, G. P., and Barboza, L. V. (2006b). Módulo Python para matemática intervalar. In Proc. of XXIX CNMAC – Congresso Nacional de Matemática Aplicada e Computacional, Campinas. (in Portuguese, available at [link]).
Kozine, I. O. and Utkin, L. V. (2002). Interval-valued finite markov chains. Reliable Computing, 8(2):97–113.
Kulisch, U. (1999). Advanced arithmetic for the digital computer, design of arithmetic units. Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science, 24.
Lopes, F., Mamede, N., Novais, A. Q., and Coelho, H. (2004). Negotiation strategies for autonomous computational agents. In Proc. of the of the European Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Valencia.
López, F. L., Luck, M., and d’Inverno, M. (2002). Constraining autonomy through norms. In Proc. of the 1st Intl Joint Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems, AAMAS’02, pages 674–681, Bologna.
Miceli, M. and Castelfranchi, C. (2000). The role of evaluation in cognition and social interaction. In Dautenhahn, K., editor, Human cognition and agent technology, pages 225–262. John Benjamins, Amsterdam.
Moore, R. E. (1979). Methods and Applications of Interval Analysis. SIAM, Philadelphia.
Norris, J. R. (1997). Markov Chains. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Piaget, J. (1995). Sociological Studies. Routlege, London.
Rodrigues, M. R. and Costa, A. C. R. (2004). Using qualitative exchange values to improve the modelling of social interactions. In Hales, D., Edmonds, B., Norling, E., and Rouchier, J., editors, Proc. of IV Work. on Agent Based Simulations, MABS’03, Melbourne, 2003, number 2927 in LNAI, pages 57–72, Berlin. Springer.
Rodrigues, M. R., Costa, A. C. R., and Bordini, R. (2003). A system of exchange values to support social interactions in artificial societes. In Proc. II Intl Conf. on Autonomous Agents and Multiag. Systems, AAMAS’03, pages 81–88, Melbourne. ACM Press.
Rodrigues, M. R. and Luck, M. (2006a). Analysing partner selection through exchange values. In Antunes, L. and Sichman, J., editors, Proc. of VI Work. on Agent Based Simulations, MABS’05, Utrecht, 2005, number 3891 in LNAI, pages 24–40, Berlin. Springer.
Rodrigues, M. R. and Luck, M. (2006b). Cooperative interactions: an exchange values model. In Boella, G., Boissier, O., Matson, E., and Vazquez-Salceda, J., editors, Proc. of the Work. on Coordination, Organization, Institutions and Norms in Agent Systems (at ECAI’06), COIN@ECAI’06, Riva del Garda, 2006, pages 63–70.
Sichman, J., Conte, R., Demazeau, Y., and Castelfranchi, C. (1994). A social reasoning mechanism based on dependence networks. In Proc. of the 12th European Conference on Artificial Intelligence, ECAI’94, Amsterdam.
Walley, P. (1991). Statistical Reasoning with Imprecise Probabilities. Chapman & Hall, London.
Walsh, W. E. and Wellman, M. P. (1998). A market protocol for distributed task allocation. In Proc. III Intl. Conf. on Multiagent Systems, pages 325–332, Paris.
Zadeh, L. (1970). Theory of approximate reasoning. In Hayes, J., Michie, D., and Mikulich, L. I., editors, Machine Intelligence, pages 149–194. Ellis Horwood.
Publicado
16/04/2007
Como Citar
FARIAS, Gionavi Parente; DIMURO, Graçaliz Pereira.
Analisando Trocas Sociais Baseadas em Personalidades Através de Cadeias de Markov Intervalares. In: WORKSHOP-ESCOLA DE SISTEMAS DE AGENTES, SEUS AMBIENTES E APLICAÇÕES (WESAAC), 1. , 2007, Pelotas/RS.
Anais [...].
Porto Alegre: Sociedade Brasileira de Computação,
2007
.
p. 14-27.
ISSN 2326-5434.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5753/wesaac.2007.33031.
