aCMT-UC: Um proposta de distribuição de carga centrada no usuário
Resumo
O CMT (Concurrent Multipath Transfer) usa a característica multihoming do SCTP (Stream Control Transmission Protocol) para transmitir dados através de múltiplos caminhos fim-a-fim simultaneamente. No entanto, o CMT não possui um bom desempenho em redes com diferentes características, principalmente em se tratando de vídeo. Este trabalho apresenta o aCMT-UC (Adaptative CMT-User Centric), uma proposta de distribuição de carga centrada no usuário, tornando o CMT adaptável à dinâmica da rede através da priorização de caminhos e de quadros de vídeo. Foram realizadas avaliações de métricas de QoE (Vídeo) utilizando as tecnologias IEEE 802.11, IEEE 802.16 e 3G/UMTS no simulador ns-2.
Referências
Avelar, L. M. et al (2012) “Modelagem Multihoming em Redes Heterogêneas e Proposta de Distribuição de Carga utilizando o aCMT”, XXX Simpósio Brasileiro de Redes de Computadores e Sistemas Distribuídos, 2012.
Caro, A. et al (2002) “ns-2 SCTP module”, Version 3.5, [link].
Cheng, L. and Marsic, I. Fuzzy Reasoning for Wireless Awareness, International Journal of Wireless Information Networks, Vol. 8, Issue 1, Jan. 2001, pp. 15-26.
Greengrass, J.,Evans, J. and Begen, A. “Not all packets are equal, part 2: The impact of network packet loss on video quality,” IEEE Internet Computing, vol. 13, pp. 74–82, March 2009.
Huang, C. et al (2008) "Partially Reliable-Concurrent Multipath Transfer (PR-CMT) for Multihomed Networks", IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference, 2008. IEEE GLOBECOM 2008, pp.1-5, Nov. 30 2008-Dec. 4 2008.
Iyengar, J. R. et al (2006) "Concurrent Multipath Transfer Using SCTP Multihoming Over Independent End-to-End Paths", IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking, vol.14, no.5, pp.951-964.
Kim, T. et al (2010) "Concurrent Multipath Transfer using SCTP multihoming over heterogeneous network paths", 2010 International Conference on Control Automation and Systems (ICCAS), vol., no., pp.1598-1602, 27-30 Oct. 2010.
Klaue, J. et al (2003) “Evalvid A Framework for Video Transmission and Quality Evaluation,” Proc. of the 13th International Conference on Modelling Techniques and Tools for Computer Performance Evaluation, Urbana, Illinois, USA, Sept. 2003.
Mamdani, E.H. (1974) Application of Fuzzy Algorithms for Control of Simple Dynamic Plant. IEEE (Control and Science), v.121(12), p.1585-1588.
Nguyen, S. C. et al (2011) "Evaluation of multipath TCP load sharing with coupled congestion control option in heterogeneous networks," Global Information Infrastructure Symposium (GIIS), 2011 , vol., no., pp.1-5, 4-6 Aug. 2011.
Nightingale, J. et al (2012) "Removing path switching overhead in multipath mobile video delivery", 2012 IEEE International Conference on Consumer Electronics (ICCE), vol., no., pp.275-276, 13-16 Jan. 2012.
NIST (2011). [Online]. Disponível em: [link]. Acessado em 20 de setembro de 2011 às 15:00h.
NS-2 (2011) “The network simulator ns-2” [Online]. Disponível em: [link]. Acessado em 16 de agosto de 2011 às 8:00h.
Ortega, N. R. S. “Aplicação da teoria de conjuntos fuzzy a problemas da biomedicina”. 2001. 152p. Tese (Doutorado) – Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP.
Rüncos, R. et al (2011) “Avaliação de parâmetros do SCTP para transporte de tráfego VoIP em cenários com perdas”, XXIX Simpósio Brasileiro de Redes de Computadores e Sistemas Distribuídos, 2011.
Schumacher, J.; Dobler, M.; Dillon, E.; Power, G.; Fiedler, M.; Erman, D.; de Vogeleer, K.; Ramos, M.O.; Argente, J.R., "Providing an User Centric Always Best Connection," Evolving Internet (INTERNET), 2010 Second International Conference on , vol., no., pp.80,85, 20-25 Sept. 2010.
Song, W. et al (2012) "Performance Analysis of Probabilistic Multipath Transmission of Video Streaming Traffic over Multi-Radio Wireless Devices", IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, vol.11, no.4, pp.1554-1564, April 2012.
Stewart, R. et al. (2000) “Stream control transmission protocol”. IETF RFC 2960.
Stewart, R. et al (2001) "SCTP: new transport protocol for TCP/IP," Internet Computing, IEEE , vol.5, no.6, pp.64-69, Nov/Dec 2001.
Stewart, R. et al (2004) “RFC 3758: Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP) Partial Reliability Extension”, Request for Comments, IETF, 2004.
Tu, W. (2012) "Efficient Resource Utilization for Multi-Flow Wireless Multicasting Transmissions", IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, vol.30, no.7, pp.1246-1258, August 2012.
Wallace, T.; Shami, A.(2011) “A Review of Multihoming Issues Using the Stream Control Transmission Protocol” Communications Surveys & Tutorials, IEEE, vol.PP, no.99, pp.1-14, 0. DOI: 10.1109/SURV.2011.051111.00096.
Wiegand, T.; Sullivan, G. J.; Bjøntegaard, G. and Luthra, A. “Overview of the H.264/AVC video coding standard,” IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. Video Technol., vol. 13, no. 7, pp. 560–576, Jul. 2003.
Xu, C. et al (2008) “Comparative Study of Real-Time Multimedia Transmission over Multihoming Transport Protocols” Proc. of 11th IFIP/IEEE International Conference on Management of Multimedia and Mobile Networks and Services (MMNS), Springer LNCS, September 2008: 64-76.
Yuan, Y. et al (2010) "Extension of SCTP for Concurrent Multi-Path Transfer with Parallel Subflows", 2010 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC), vol., no., pp.1-6, 18-21 April 2010.
Zhu, X. et al (2009) "Distributed Rate Allocation Policies for Multihomed Video Streaming Over Heterogeneous Access Networks", IEEE Transactions on Multimedia, vol.11, no.4, pp.752-764, June 2009.
Caro, A. et al (2002) “ns-2 SCTP module”, Version 3.5, [link].
Cheng, L. and Marsic, I. Fuzzy Reasoning for Wireless Awareness, International Journal of Wireless Information Networks, Vol. 8, Issue 1, Jan. 2001, pp. 15-26.
Greengrass, J.,Evans, J. and Begen, A. “Not all packets are equal, part 2: The impact of network packet loss on video quality,” IEEE Internet Computing, vol. 13, pp. 74–82, March 2009.
Huang, C. et al (2008) "Partially Reliable-Concurrent Multipath Transfer (PR-CMT) for Multihomed Networks", IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference, 2008. IEEE GLOBECOM 2008, pp.1-5, Nov. 30 2008-Dec. 4 2008.
Iyengar, J. R. et al (2006) "Concurrent Multipath Transfer Using SCTP Multihoming Over Independent End-to-End Paths", IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking, vol.14, no.5, pp.951-964.
Kim, T. et al (2010) "Concurrent Multipath Transfer using SCTP multihoming over heterogeneous network paths", 2010 International Conference on Control Automation and Systems (ICCAS), vol., no., pp.1598-1602, 27-30 Oct. 2010.
Klaue, J. et al (2003) “Evalvid A Framework for Video Transmission and Quality Evaluation,” Proc. of the 13th International Conference on Modelling Techniques and Tools for Computer Performance Evaluation, Urbana, Illinois, USA, Sept. 2003.
Mamdani, E.H. (1974) Application of Fuzzy Algorithms for Control of Simple Dynamic Plant. IEEE (Control and Science), v.121(12), p.1585-1588.
Nguyen, S. C. et al (2011) "Evaluation of multipath TCP load sharing with coupled congestion control option in heterogeneous networks," Global Information Infrastructure Symposium (GIIS), 2011 , vol., no., pp.1-5, 4-6 Aug. 2011.
Nightingale, J. et al (2012) "Removing path switching overhead in multipath mobile video delivery", 2012 IEEE International Conference on Consumer Electronics (ICCE), vol., no., pp.275-276, 13-16 Jan. 2012.
NIST (2011). [Online]. Disponível em: [link]. Acessado em 20 de setembro de 2011 às 15:00h.
NS-2 (2011) “The network simulator ns-2” [Online]. Disponível em: [link]. Acessado em 16 de agosto de 2011 às 8:00h.
Ortega, N. R. S. “Aplicação da teoria de conjuntos fuzzy a problemas da biomedicina”. 2001. 152p. Tese (Doutorado) – Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP.
Rüncos, R. et al (2011) “Avaliação de parâmetros do SCTP para transporte de tráfego VoIP em cenários com perdas”, XXIX Simpósio Brasileiro de Redes de Computadores e Sistemas Distribuídos, 2011.
Schumacher, J.; Dobler, M.; Dillon, E.; Power, G.; Fiedler, M.; Erman, D.; de Vogeleer, K.; Ramos, M.O.; Argente, J.R., "Providing an User Centric Always Best Connection," Evolving Internet (INTERNET), 2010 Second International Conference on , vol., no., pp.80,85, 20-25 Sept. 2010.
Song, W. et al (2012) "Performance Analysis of Probabilistic Multipath Transmission of Video Streaming Traffic over Multi-Radio Wireless Devices", IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, vol.11, no.4, pp.1554-1564, April 2012.
Stewart, R. et al. (2000) “Stream control transmission protocol”. IETF RFC 2960.
Stewart, R. et al (2001) "SCTP: new transport protocol for TCP/IP," Internet Computing, IEEE , vol.5, no.6, pp.64-69, Nov/Dec 2001.
Stewart, R. et al (2004) “RFC 3758: Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP) Partial Reliability Extension”, Request for Comments, IETF, 2004.
Tu, W. (2012) "Efficient Resource Utilization for Multi-Flow Wireless Multicasting Transmissions", IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, vol.30, no.7, pp.1246-1258, August 2012.
Wallace, T.; Shami, A.(2011) “A Review of Multihoming Issues Using the Stream Control Transmission Protocol” Communications Surveys & Tutorials, IEEE, vol.PP, no.99, pp.1-14, 0. DOI: 10.1109/SURV.2011.051111.00096.
Wiegand, T.; Sullivan, G. J.; Bjøntegaard, G. and Luthra, A. “Overview of the H.264/AVC video coding standard,” IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. Video Technol., vol. 13, no. 7, pp. 560–576, Jul. 2003.
Xu, C. et al (2008) “Comparative Study of Real-Time Multimedia Transmission over Multihoming Transport Protocols” Proc. of 11th IFIP/IEEE International Conference on Management of Multimedia and Mobile Networks and Services (MMNS), Springer LNCS, September 2008: 64-76.
Yuan, Y. et al (2010) "Extension of SCTP for Concurrent Multi-Path Transfer with Parallel Subflows", 2010 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC), vol., no., pp.1-6, 18-21 April 2010.
Zhu, X. et al (2009) "Distributed Rate Allocation Policies for Multihomed Video Streaming Over Heterogeneous Access Networks", IEEE Transactions on Multimedia, vol.11, no.4, pp.752-764, June 2009.
Publicado
23/07/2013
Como Citar
AVELAR, Edson Adriano M.; AVELAR, Lorena Marques; DIAS, Kelvin Lopes.
aCMT-UC: Um proposta de distribuição de carga centrada no usuário. In: WORKSHOP EM DESEMPENHO DE SISTEMAS COMPUTACIONAIS E DE COMUNICAÇÃO (WPERFORMANCE), 12. , 2013, Maceió/AL.
Anais [...].
Porto Alegre: Sociedade Brasileira de Computação,
2013
.
p. 848-861.
ISSN 2595-6167.
