Arquitetura de Escalonamento Ortogonal de Tempo-Real para garantias de QoS em Servidores Web
Resumo
Em relação aos significativos resultados em Qualidade de Serviço (QoS) para servidores Web, existem ainda muitos problemas não resolvidos. Enquanto as abordagens atuais se limitam a prover QoS relativa através de diferenciação de serviço, este projeto apresenta e compara três modelos que têm por objetivo prover QoS absoluta para um array de servidores Web heterogêneos por meio de uma arquitetura de escalonamento ortogonal. A avaliação de desempenho da arquitetura ortogonal demonstra que a mesma obtém um bom desempenho na provisão de QoS absoluta com relação a mudanças instantâneas das cargas de trabalho no ambiente Web. Os resultados demonstram que a combinação da EBS na política de fila com a disciplina de recurso proposta neste trabalho é superior às outras combinações examinadas.Referências
Abdelzaher, T., Stankovic, J., Lu, C., Zhang, R., and Lu, Y. (2003). Feedback performance control in software services. IEEE Control Systems.
Almeida, J., Dabu, M., Manikutty, A., and Cao, P. (1998). Providing differentiated levels of service in web content hosting. Technical Report CS-TR-1998-1364, University of Wisconsin-Madison.
Bampis, E. and Kononov, A. (2001). On the approximability of scheduling multiprocessor tasks with time-dependent processor and time requirements. In IPDPS ’01: Proceedings of the 15th International Parallel & Distributed Processing Symposium, page 200. IEEE Computer Society.
Barbato, A. K., Traldi, O., Santana, R. H. C., Santana, M. J., and Teixeira, M. M. (2006). Algoritmo de escalonamento para servidores web baseado em sessão. XII Simpósio Brasileiro de Sistemas Multimídia e Web (WebMedia). Natal, RN.
Casagrande, L. S., Monaco, F. J., de Mello, R. F., Bertagna, R., and Filho, J. A. A. (2007). Exigency-based real-time scheduling policy to provide absolute QoS for web services. In SBAC-PAD ’07: Proceedings of the 19th International Symposium on Computer Architecture and High Performance Computing, [link]. IEEE Computer Society.
Eggert, L. and Heidemann, J. (1999). Application-level differentiated services for web servers. World Wide Web, 2(3):133–142.
Franklin, G. F. (1993). Feedback Control of Dynamic Systems. Addison-Wesley Longman Publishing Co., Inc., Boston, MA, USA.
Henriksson, D., Lu, Y., and Abdelzaher, T. (2004). Improved prediction for web server delay control. In ECRTS ’04: Proceedings of the 16th Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems (ECRTS’04), pages 61–68. IEEE Computer Society.
Kang, K.-D., Son, S. H., and Stankovic, J. A. (2003). Differentiated real-time data services for e-commerce applications. Electronic Commerce Research, 3(1-2):113–142.
Lee, W. Y., Hong, S. J., and Kim, J. (2003). On-line scheduling of scalable real-time tasks on multiprocessor systems. J. Parallel Distrib. Comput., 63(12):1315–1324.
Liebeherr, J., Burchard, A., Oh, Y., and Son, S. H. (1995). New strategies for assigning real-time tasks to multiprocessor systems. IEEE Trans. Comput., 44(12):1429–1442.
Liu, C. L. and Layland, J. W. (1973). Scheduling algorithms for multiprogramming in a hard-real-time environment. Journal of ACM, 20(1):46–61.
Lu, C., Abdelzaher, T. F., Stankovic, J. A., and Son, S. H. (2001). A feedback control approach for guaranteeing relative delays in web servers. In RTAS ’01: Proceedings of the Seventh Real-Time Technology and Applications Symposium (RTAS ’01), page 51. IEEE Computer Society.
MacDougall, M. H. (1989). Simulating Computer Systems. Computer Systems. MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts London, England, 2 edition.
Mok, A. K. (1983). Fundamental design problems of distributed systems for the hard real-time environment. MIT, Cambridge, Mass.
Peixoto, M. L. M., Tott, R. F., and Monaco, F. J. (2007). Política de escalonamento de tempo-real para garantia de QoS absoluta em cluster de servidores web heterogêneos. In WebMedia ’07: XIII Simpósio Brasileiro de Multimídia e da Web, Gramado, RS, Brazil. ACM Digital Library.
Ramamritham, K., Stankovic, J. A., and Shiah, P. F. (1990). Efficient scheduling algorithms for real-time multiprocessor systems. IEEE Trans. Parallel Distrib. Syst., 1(2):184–194.
Rashid, M. M., Alfa, A. S., Hossain, E., and Maheswaran, M. (2005). An analytical approach to providing controllable differentiated quality of service in web servers. IEEE Trans. Parallel Distrib. Syst., 16(11):1022–1033.
Stankovic, J. A., Lu, C., and Son, S. H. (1998). The case for feedback control real-time scheduling. Technical report, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
Stankovic, J. A., Spuri, M., Natale, M. D., and Buttazzo, G. C. (1995). Implications of classical scheduling results for real-time systems. Computer, 28(6):16–25.
Teixeira, M. A. M., Santana, M. J., and Santana, R. H. C. (2005). Servidor web com diferenciação de serviços: Fornecendo QoS para os serviços da internet. In XXIII Simpósio Brasileiro de Redes de Computadores (SBRC), Fortaleza, CE.
Traldi, O. A., Barbato, A. K., and Santana, R. H. C. (2006). Service differentiating algorithms for QoS-enabled web servers. In WebMedia ’06: Proceedings of the 12th Brazilian symposium on Multimedia and the web, pages 263–272. ACM Press.
Vasiliou, N. and Lutfiyya, H. (2000). Providing a differentiated quality of service in a world wide web server. SIGMETRICS Perform. Eval. Rev., 28(2):22–28.
Ye, N., Gel, E. S., Li, X., Farley, T., and Lai, Y.-C. (2005). Web server QoS models: applying scheduling rules from production planning. Comput. Oper. Res., 32(5):1147–1164.
Zhang, R., Lu, C., Abdelzaher, T. F., and Stankovic, J. A. (2002). Controlware: A middleware architecture for feedback control of software performance. In ICDCS ’02: Proceedings of the 22 nd International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems (ICDCS’02), page 301. IEEE Computer Society.
Almeida, J., Dabu, M., Manikutty, A., and Cao, P. (1998). Providing differentiated levels of service in web content hosting. Technical Report CS-TR-1998-1364, University of Wisconsin-Madison.
Bampis, E. and Kononov, A. (2001). On the approximability of scheduling multiprocessor tasks with time-dependent processor and time requirements. In IPDPS ’01: Proceedings of the 15th International Parallel & Distributed Processing Symposium, page 200. IEEE Computer Society.
Barbato, A. K., Traldi, O., Santana, R. H. C., Santana, M. J., and Teixeira, M. M. (2006). Algoritmo de escalonamento para servidores web baseado em sessão. XII Simpósio Brasileiro de Sistemas Multimídia e Web (WebMedia). Natal, RN.
Casagrande, L. S., Monaco, F. J., de Mello, R. F., Bertagna, R., and Filho, J. A. A. (2007). Exigency-based real-time scheduling policy to provide absolute QoS for web services. In SBAC-PAD ’07: Proceedings of the 19th International Symposium on Computer Architecture and High Performance Computing, [link]. IEEE Computer Society.
Eggert, L. and Heidemann, J. (1999). Application-level differentiated services for web servers. World Wide Web, 2(3):133–142.
Franklin, G. F. (1993). Feedback Control of Dynamic Systems. Addison-Wesley Longman Publishing Co., Inc., Boston, MA, USA.
Henriksson, D., Lu, Y., and Abdelzaher, T. (2004). Improved prediction for web server delay control. In ECRTS ’04: Proceedings of the 16th Euromicro Conference on Real-Time Systems (ECRTS’04), pages 61–68. IEEE Computer Society.
Kang, K.-D., Son, S. H., and Stankovic, J. A. (2003). Differentiated real-time data services for e-commerce applications. Electronic Commerce Research, 3(1-2):113–142.
Lee, W. Y., Hong, S. J., and Kim, J. (2003). On-line scheduling of scalable real-time tasks on multiprocessor systems. J. Parallel Distrib. Comput., 63(12):1315–1324.
Liebeherr, J., Burchard, A., Oh, Y., and Son, S. H. (1995). New strategies for assigning real-time tasks to multiprocessor systems. IEEE Trans. Comput., 44(12):1429–1442.
Liu, C. L. and Layland, J. W. (1973). Scheduling algorithms for multiprogramming in a hard-real-time environment. Journal of ACM, 20(1):46–61.
Lu, C., Abdelzaher, T. F., Stankovic, J. A., and Son, S. H. (2001). A feedback control approach for guaranteeing relative delays in web servers. In RTAS ’01: Proceedings of the Seventh Real-Time Technology and Applications Symposium (RTAS ’01), page 51. IEEE Computer Society.
MacDougall, M. H. (1989). Simulating Computer Systems. Computer Systems. MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts London, England, 2 edition.
Mok, A. K. (1983). Fundamental design problems of distributed systems for the hard real-time environment. MIT, Cambridge, Mass.
Peixoto, M. L. M., Tott, R. F., and Monaco, F. J. (2007). Política de escalonamento de tempo-real para garantia de QoS absoluta em cluster de servidores web heterogêneos. In WebMedia ’07: XIII Simpósio Brasileiro de Multimídia e da Web, Gramado, RS, Brazil. ACM Digital Library.
Ramamritham, K., Stankovic, J. A., and Shiah, P. F. (1990). Efficient scheduling algorithms for real-time multiprocessor systems. IEEE Trans. Parallel Distrib. Syst., 1(2):184–194.
Rashid, M. M., Alfa, A. S., Hossain, E., and Maheswaran, M. (2005). An analytical approach to providing controllable differentiated quality of service in web servers. IEEE Trans. Parallel Distrib. Syst., 16(11):1022–1033.
Stankovic, J. A., Lu, C., and Son, S. H. (1998). The case for feedback control real-time scheduling. Technical report, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
Stankovic, J. A., Spuri, M., Natale, M. D., and Buttazzo, G. C. (1995). Implications of classical scheduling results for real-time systems. Computer, 28(6):16–25.
Teixeira, M. A. M., Santana, M. J., and Santana, R. H. C. (2005). Servidor web com diferenciação de serviços: Fornecendo QoS para os serviços da internet. In XXIII Simpósio Brasileiro de Redes de Computadores (SBRC), Fortaleza, CE.
Traldi, O. A., Barbato, A. K., and Santana, R. H. C. (2006). Service differentiating algorithms for QoS-enabled web servers. In WebMedia ’06: Proceedings of the 12th Brazilian symposium on Multimedia and the web, pages 263–272. ACM Press.
Vasiliou, N. and Lutfiyya, H. (2000). Providing a differentiated quality of service in a world wide web server. SIGMETRICS Perform. Eval. Rev., 28(2):22–28.
Ye, N., Gel, E. S., Li, X., Farley, T., and Lai, Y.-C. (2005). Web server QoS models: applying scheduling rules from production planning. Comput. Oper. Res., 32(5):1147–1164.
Zhang, R., Lu, C., Abdelzaher, T. F., and Stankovic, J. A. (2002). Controlware: A middleware architecture for feedback control of software performance. In ICDCS ’02: Proceedings of the 22 nd International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems (ICDCS’02), page 301. IEEE Computer Society.
Publicado
12/07/2008
Como Citar
PEIXOTO, Maycon L. M.; TOTT, Rogerio; NERY, Michelle; MONACO, Francisco J..
Arquitetura de Escalonamento Ortogonal de Tempo-Real para garantias de QoS em Servidores Web. In: WORKSHOP EM DESEMPENHO DE SISTEMAS COMPUTACIONAIS E DE COMUNICAÇÃO (WPERFORMANCE), 7. , 2008, Belém/PA.
Anais [...].
Porto Alegre: Sociedade Brasileira de Computação,
2008
.
p. 18-37.
ISSN 2595-6167.
