Contornando Falhas em Backbones IP com Caminhos Emergenciais Rápidos
Resumo
Os protocolos de roteamento, em caso de falhas em backbones mais velozes, geralmente não obtêm nova rota em tempo hábil. Eles precisam desde centenas de milissegundos até vários segundos para convergir. Durante esse tempo, a rede fica instável, realizando um processo de encaminhamento errado, com altas taxas de pacotes perdidos. Este trabalho propõe uma abordagem de cálculo pró-ativo de caminhos emergenciais rápidos para auxiliar os protocolos de roteamento a contornar falhas. Uma avaliação desses caminhos foi realizada em uma representação de topologia real. Nesta avaliação os caminhos apresentam-se menores que as outras abordagens e ocupam menos informações extras adicionadas na base de encaminhamento por roteador.Referências
Alaettinoglu, C., Jacobson, V., and Yu, H. (2000). Towards Mili-second IGP Convergence. In Internet Draft. IETF Network-WG.
Atlas, A. (2006). U-Turn Alternate for IP/LDP Fast-Reroute. In Internet Draft. IETF Routing-WG.
Atlas, A., and Zinin, A. (2006). Basic Specification for IP Fast-Reroute Loop-Free Alternate. In Internet Draft. IETF Routing-WG.
Barreto, F. (2006). CER_pró-ativa Algoritmo. In Technical Report CER_01, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Curitiba.
Medina, A., Lakhina, A., Matta, I. and Byers, J. (2002). BRITE Topology Generator.
Bryant, S., Shand, M., and Previdi, S. (2006). Ip Fast Reroute Using Not-via Address. In Internet Draft. IETF Routing-WG.
Bryant, S., FilsFils, S., Previdi, S., and Shand, M. (2005). IP fast reroute using tunnels. In Internet Draft. IETF Routing-WG.
Deering, S., and Hinden, R. (1998). Internet Protocol, Version 6 (Ipv6) Specification. In RFC 2460. IETF Ipv6-WG.
Diestel, R. (2005), Graph Theory, Springer-Velang, 3 th edition.
Dijkstra, E. W. (1959). A Note on Two Problems in Connection with Graphs. In Numerische Mathematik, pages 269-271.
Fortz, B., and Thorup, M. (2000). Internet Traffic Engineering by optimizing OSPF Weights. In IEEE INFOCOM Computer Communications, pages 519-528.
Francois, P., Filfis, C., Evans, C., and Bonaventure, O. (2005). Achieving sub-second IGP convergence in large IP networks. In ACM SIGCOMM, pages 34-44.
Hansen, A. F., and Cicic, T., and Gjessing, S. (2006). Alternative Schemes for Proactive IP Recovery. In Next Generation Internet Desing and Engineering, pages 1-8.
Heckmann, O., Piringer, M., Shcmitt, J., and Steinmetz, R. (2003). On Realistic Network Topologies for Simulation. In ACM SIGCOMM, pages 28-32.
Iannaccone, G., Chuah, C., Bhattacharyya, S., and Diot, C. (2004). Feasibility of IP Restoration in a Tier-1 Backbone. In IEEE Network Magazine, pages 13-19.
Kvalbein, A., Hansen, A. F., Cicic, T., Gjessing, S., and Lysne, O. (2006). Fast IP Network Recovery using Multiple Routing Configurations. In IEEE INFOCOM Computer Communications.
Markopoulou, A., Iannaccone, G., Bhattacharya, S., Chuah, C., and Diot, C. (2004) “Characterization of failures in an IP backbone” In IEEE INFOCOM Computer Communications, pages 406-416.
Moy, J. (1998). OSPF version 2. In RFC 2328. IETF Network-WG.
Narvaez, P. (2000). Routing Reconfiguration in IP Networks. Phd Thesis. Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
Nucci, A., Schoroeder, B., Bhattacharyya, S., Taft, N., and Diot, C. (2003). IGP Link Weight Assignment for Transient Link Failures, In International Teletraffic Congress.
Pan, P., Swallow, G., and Atlas, A. (2005). Fast Reroute Extensions to RSVP-TE for LSP Tunnels. In RFC 4090. IETF Network-WG.
Paxson, V. (1996). End-to-End Routing Behavior in the Internet. In ACM SIGCOMM, volume 26, pages 25-38.
Shand, M., and Bryant, S. (2006). IP Fast Reroute Framework. In Internet Draft. IETF Routing-WG.
Zhong, Z., Nelakuditi, S., Yu, Y., Lee, S., Wang, J., and Chuah, C. (2005). Failure Inferencing based Fast Rerouting for Handling Transient Link and Node Failures. In IEEE Global Internet.
Atlas, A. (2006). U-Turn Alternate for IP/LDP Fast-Reroute. In Internet Draft. IETF Routing-WG.
Atlas, A., and Zinin, A. (2006). Basic Specification for IP Fast-Reroute Loop-Free Alternate. In Internet Draft. IETF Routing-WG.
Barreto, F. (2006). CER_pró-ativa Algoritmo. In Technical Report CER_01, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Curitiba.
Medina, A., Lakhina, A., Matta, I. and Byers, J. (2002). BRITE Topology Generator.
Bryant, S., Shand, M., and Previdi, S. (2006). Ip Fast Reroute Using Not-via Address. In Internet Draft. IETF Routing-WG.
Bryant, S., FilsFils, S., Previdi, S., and Shand, M. (2005). IP fast reroute using tunnels. In Internet Draft. IETF Routing-WG.
Deering, S., and Hinden, R. (1998). Internet Protocol, Version 6 (Ipv6) Specification. In RFC 2460. IETF Ipv6-WG.
Diestel, R. (2005), Graph Theory, Springer-Velang, 3 th edition.
Dijkstra, E. W. (1959). A Note on Two Problems in Connection with Graphs. In Numerische Mathematik, pages 269-271.
Fortz, B., and Thorup, M. (2000). Internet Traffic Engineering by optimizing OSPF Weights. In IEEE INFOCOM Computer Communications, pages 519-528.
Francois, P., Filfis, C., Evans, C., and Bonaventure, O. (2005). Achieving sub-second IGP convergence in large IP networks. In ACM SIGCOMM, pages 34-44.
Hansen, A. F., and Cicic, T., and Gjessing, S. (2006). Alternative Schemes for Proactive IP Recovery. In Next Generation Internet Desing and Engineering, pages 1-8.
Heckmann, O., Piringer, M., Shcmitt, J., and Steinmetz, R. (2003). On Realistic Network Topologies for Simulation. In ACM SIGCOMM, pages 28-32.
Iannaccone, G., Chuah, C., Bhattacharyya, S., and Diot, C. (2004). Feasibility of IP Restoration in a Tier-1 Backbone. In IEEE Network Magazine, pages 13-19.
Kvalbein, A., Hansen, A. F., Cicic, T., Gjessing, S., and Lysne, O. (2006). Fast IP Network Recovery using Multiple Routing Configurations. In IEEE INFOCOM Computer Communications.
Markopoulou, A., Iannaccone, G., Bhattacharya, S., Chuah, C., and Diot, C. (2004) “Characterization of failures in an IP backbone” In IEEE INFOCOM Computer Communications, pages 406-416.
Moy, J. (1998). OSPF version 2. In RFC 2328. IETF Network-WG.
Narvaez, P. (2000). Routing Reconfiguration in IP Networks. Phd Thesis. Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
Nucci, A., Schoroeder, B., Bhattacharyya, S., Taft, N., and Diot, C. (2003). IGP Link Weight Assignment for Transient Link Failures, In International Teletraffic Congress.
Pan, P., Swallow, G., and Atlas, A. (2005). Fast Reroute Extensions to RSVP-TE for LSP Tunnels. In RFC 4090. IETF Network-WG.
Paxson, V. (1996). End-to-End Routing Behavior in the Internet. In ACM SIGCOMM, volume 26, pages 25-38.
Shand, M., and Bryant, S. (2006). IP Fast Reroute Framework. In Internet Draft. IETF Routing-WG.
Zhong, Z., Nelakuditi, S., Yu, Y., Lee, S., Wang, J., and Chuah, C. (2005). Failure Inferencing based Fast Rerouting for Handling Transient Link and Node Failures. In IEEE Global Internet.
Publicado
29/05/2007
Como Citar
BARRETO, Fernando; WILLE, Emilio C. G.; NACAMURA JÚNIOR, Luiz.
Contornando Falhas em Backbones IP com Caminhos Emergenciais Rápidos. In: WORKSHOP DE TESTES E TOLERÂNCIA A FALHAS (WTF), 8. , 2007, Belém/PA.
Anais [...].
Porto Alegre: Sociedade Brasileira de Computação,
2007
.
p. 217-230.
ISSN 2595-2684.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5753/wtf.2007.23250.
