Refinement of a requirement elicitation process based on Design Thinking
Abstract
Requirement elicitation processes have a series of challenges and limitations regarding the focus on the business process, the transparency of the system and dealing with the complexity resulting from interdependence. The Design Thinking approach, centered on people and understanding the context of problems, can contribute to solving them. This article presents the current state of a Design Thinking-based requirement elicitation process proposed to solve some of the challenges of existing processes. It is made up of three activities: empathize, synthesize and ideate. The results of a focus group that was carried out with the objective of obtaining feedback from experts on the process are also presented, specifically on the role of empathy in the process, its domain of application and activities. The results confirm the usefulness of the process and also generate a series of lessons that will allow us to continue refining it.
Keywords:
Requirements elicitation, Design Thinking, Focus Group
References
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Kahan, E., Insfran, E., Genero, M., & Oliveros, A. (2022). Studying the Influence of Empathy Maps on Brainstorming for Requirements Elicitation: A Quasi Experiment. In E. Insfran, F. González, S. Abrahão, M. Fernández, C. Barry, M. Lang, H. Linger, & C. Schneider (Eds.), Advances in Information Systems Development (pp. 199-217). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-95354-6_12
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Kontio, J., Brag ge, J., & Lehtola, L. (2008). The Focus Group Method as an Empirical Tool in Software Engineering. In F. Shull, J. Singer, & D. I. K. Sjøberg (Eds.), Guide to Advanced Empirical Software Engineering (pp. 93-116). Springer London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84800-044-5_4
Köppen, E., & Meinel, C. (2015). Empathy via Design Thinking: Creation of Sense and Knowledge. In H. Plattner, C. Meinel, & L. Leifer (Eds.), Design Thinking Research: Building Innovators (pp. 15-28). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-06823-7_2
Levy, M., & Huli, C. (2019). Design thinking in a nutshell for eliciting requirements of a business process: A case study of a design thinking workshop. 2019-September, 351-356. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1109/RE.2019.00044
Loucopoulos, P., & Karakostas, V. (1995). System Requirements Engineering. McGraw Hill, Inc.
Lyytinen, K., Loucopoulos, P., Mylopoulos, J., & Robinson, W. N. (Eds.). (2009). Design Requirements Engineering: A Ten Year Perspective: Design Requirements Workshop, Cleveland, OH, USA, June 3-6, 2007, Revised and Invited Papers. Springer Verlag. https://www.springer.com/la/book/9783540929659
Meireles, M., Souza, A., Conte, T., & Maldonado, J. (2021). Organizing the Design Thinking Toolbox: Supporting th e Requirements Elicitation Decision Making. 285-290. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1145/3474624.3477064
Canedo, E. D., Calazans, A. T. S., Silva, G. R. S., Costa, P. H. T., De Mesquita, R. P., & Masson, E. T. S. (2022). Creativity and Design Thinking as Facilitators in Requirements Elicitatio n. International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering, 32 (10), 1527-1558. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1142/S0218194022500607
de Souza Filho, J. C., Nakamura, W. T., Teixeira, L. M., da Silva, R. P., Gadelha, B. F., & Conte, T. U. ( 2021). Towards a Data Driven Requirements Elicitation Tool through the Lens of Design Thinking. 2, 283-290. Scopus.
Ferreira Martins, H., Carvalho de Oliveira Junior, A., Dias Canedo, E., Dias Kosloski, R. A., Ávila Paldês, R., & Costa Oliveira, E. (2019). Desi gn Thinking: Challenges for Software Requirements Elicitation. Information, 10 (12), Article 12. https://doi.org/10.3390/info10120371
Framework for Innovation: Design Council’s evolved Double Diamond. (2019). Framework for Innovation: Design Council’s Evolv ed Double Diamond. [link]
Hehn, J., Mendez, D., Uebernickel, F., Brenner, W., & Broy, M. (2020). On Integrating Design Thin king for Human Centered Requirements Engineering. IEEE Software, 37 (2), 25-31. https://doi.org/10.1109/MS.2019.2957715
Hehn, J., Uebernickel, F., Stoeckli, E., & Brenner, W. (n.d.). Designing Human Centric Information Systems: Towards an Understanding of Challenges in Specifying Requirements within Design Thinking Projects. 12.
Institute of Design at Stanford. (2010). An Introduction to Design Thinking PROCESS GUIDE Stanford. [link]
Jarke, M., Loucopoulos, P., Lyytinen, K., Mylopoulos, J., & Robinson, W. (2010). The brave new world of design requirements: Four key principles. International Conference on Advanced Information Systems Engineering, 470-482. http://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-3-642-13094-6_36
Kahan, E., Genero, M., & Oliveros, A. (2019). Challenges in Requirement Engineering: Could Design Thinking Help? In M. Piattini, P. Rupino da Cunha, I. García Rodríguez de Guzmán, & R. Pérez Cas tillo (Eds.), Quality of Information and Communications Technology (pp. 79-86). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-29238-6_6
Kahan, E., Insfran, E., Genero, M., & Oliveros, A. (2022). Studying the Influence of Empathy Maps on Brainstorming for Requirements Elicitation: A Quasi Experiment. In E. Insfran, F. González, S. Abrahão, M. Fernández, C. Barry, M. Lang, H. Linger, & C. Schneider (Eds.), Advances in Information Systems Development (pp. 199-217). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-95354-6_12
Kahan, Ezequiel, Oliveros, Alejandro, & Genero, Marcela. (2021). A systematic mapping study on the application of design thinking in requirement engineering. Computación y Sistemas.
Kontio, J., Brag ge, J., & Lehtola, L. (2008). The Focus Group Method as an Empirical Tool in Software Engineering. In F. Shull, J. Singer, & D. I. K. Sjøberg (Eds.), Guide to Advanced Empirical Software Engineering (pp. 93-116). Springer London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84800-044-5_4
Köppen, E., & Meinel, C. (2015). Empathy via Design Thinking: Creation of Sense and Knowledge. In H. Plattner, C. Meinel, & L. Leifer (Eds.), Design Thinking Research: Building Innovators (pp. 15-28). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-06823-7_2
Levy, M., & Huli, C. (2019). Design thinking in a nutshell for eliciting requirements of a business process: A case study of a design thinking workshop. 2019-September, 351-356. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1109/RE.2019.00044
Loucopoulos, P., & Karakostas, V. (1995). System Requirements Engineering. McGraw Hill, Inc.
Lyytinen, K., Loucopoulos, P., Mylopoulos, J., & Robinson, W. N. (Eds.). (2009). Design Requirements Engineering: A Ten Year Perspective: Design Requirements Workshop, Cleveland, OH, USA, June 3-6, 2007, Revised and Invited Papers. Springer Verlag. https://www.springer.com/la/book/9783540929659
Meireles, M., Souza, A., Conte, T., & Maldonado, J. (2021). Organizing the Design Thinking Toolbox: Supporting th e Requirements Elicitation Decision Making. 285-290. Scopus. https://doi.org/10.1145/3474624.3477064
Published
2023-04-24
How to Cite
KAHAN, Ezequiel; GENERO, Marcela; OLIVEROS, Alejandro.
Refinement of a requirement elicitation process based on Design Thinking. In: IBERO-AMERICAN CONFERENCE ON SOFTWARE ENGINEERING (CIBSE), 26. , 2023, Montevideo, Uruguai.
Anais [...].
Porto Alegre: Sociedade Brasileira de Computação,
2023
.
p. 214-228.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5753/cibse.2023.24705.
