Uso de Combinação de Reservoir para Verificação de Assinaturas Manuscritas Off-line
Resumo
A assinatura manuscrita é marca presente em todos os documentos importantes. Perante a lei, se a assinatura em um documento é falsa, esse documento também é considerado uma fraude. Para automatizar a tarefa de verificação de assinaturas, muitos classificadores já foram testados, muitas vezes com resultados práticos pouco promissores. Neste trabalho é proposta a utilização da combinação de Reservoir Computings para verificação de assinaturas manuscritas, devido as suas características recorrentes e facilidade de treinamento. Os experimentos com esta promissora técnica são realizados em uma base de dados pública utilizada na competição do ICDAR 2009 e seus resultados comparados aos dos competidores.Referências
Freitas, C. O. A., Justino, E. J. R., Oliveira, L. E. S. (2007) “Reconhecimento de firmas por semelhança no Brasil”. In: Âmbito Jurídico, Rio Grande, v 40, Disponível em [link]. Acesso em 07/04/2011.
Huang K. e Yan, Hong. (1997) “Off-line Signature Verification based on Geometric Feature Extration and Neural Network Classification”. Pattern Recognition, Vol 30, No. 1, pp. 9-17.
Heinen, M. R., Osorio, F. S. (2004) “Biometria Comportamental: Pesquisa e desenvolvimento de um sistema de autenticação de usuários utilizando assinaturas manuscritas”. INFOCOMP (UFLA. Impresso) Lavras, MG, Brasil, v. 3, n. 2, p. 3137, 2004.
Sisodia, K. e Anand, M. (2009) “Off-line Handwritten Signature Verification using Artificial Neural Network Classifier”. International Journal of Recent Trends in Engineering, Vol 2, no. 2, Novembro.
Gonçalves, D. B. (2008) “Agrupamento de Classificadores na Verificação de Assinaturas off-line”. Setembro de 2008.86p. Dissertação (Mestrado em Informática) – Programa de Pós-Graduação em Informática, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba.
Batista, L., Rivard, D., Sabourin, R., Granger, E., Maupin, P. (2007) “State Of The Art In Off-Line Signature Verification”. Pattern Recognition Technologies and Applications: Recent Advances.
Impedovo, D. e Pirlo, G. (2008) “Automatic Signature Verification: The State of the Art”. IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man and Cybernetics Part C: Applications and Reviews, Vol 38, pp. 609–635.
Mighell, D. A., Wilkinson, T. S., Goodman, J. W. (1989) “Backpropagation and Its Application to Handwritten Signature Verification”. Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 1, pp. 340–347.
Dimauro, G., Impedovo, S., Lucchese, M. G., Modugno, R., Pirlo, G. (2004) “Recent Advancement in Automatic Signature Verification”. Proceedings of 9 th International Workshop on Frontiers in Handwritting Recognition (IWFHR), pp. 179-184.
Tókio, Japão Prakash, H. N. e Guru, D. S. (2009) “Relative Orientations of Geometrics Centroids for Off-line Signature Verification”. International Conference on Advanced Pattern Recognition (ICAPR-2009), ISI, Kolkata, India pp. 201-204.
Bajaj, R. e Chaudhary, S. (1997) “Signature Verification using mutiple neural classifiers”. Pattern Recognition, Vol 30, pp. 1-87.
Shankar, A. P. e Rajagopalan (2007) “Off-line Signature Verification using DWT”. Pattern Recognition Letters, Vol 28, PP. 1407-1414.
Justino, E. J. R. Bortolazzi, F. e Sabourin, R. (2005) “A Comparasion of SVM and HMM classifiers in the Off-line Signature Verification”. Pattern Recognition Letters, Vol 26, Issue 9, pp. 1377-1385.
Xuhua, Y., Furuhashi, T., Obata, K., Uchikawa, Y. (1997) “Selection of Features for Signature Verification Using the Genetic Algorithm”. Computers & Industrial Engineering Vol. 30, No. 4, pp. 1037-1045.
Bertolini, D., Oliveira, L. S., Justino, E., Sabourin, R. (2010) “Reducing Forgeries in Writer-independent Off-line Signature Verification Through Ensemble of Cassifier”. Pattern Recognition, Vol 43, pp. 387-396.
Holzmann G. (2009) “Reservoir Computing: A Powerful Black-Box Framework for Nonlinear Audio Processing”. Proceedings of the 12 th International Conference on Digital Audio Effects (DAFx-09), Como, Italy, 2009.
W. Maass, T. Natschläger, and H. Markram. (2002) “Realtime computing without stable states: A new framework for neural computation based on perturbations”. Neural Computation, Vol 14 No.11 pp.2531–2560.
H. Jaeger and H. Haas. (2004) “Harnessing nonlinearity: predicting chaotic systems and saving energy in wireless telecommunication”. Science, No. 308 pp. 78–80.
J. J. Steil. (2004) “Backpropagation-Decorrelation: Online recurrent learning with O(N) complexity.” In Proceedings of International Joint Conference on Neural Network 2004 Budapeste Hungria, volume 1, pp 843–848.
Schrauwen, B. Verstraeten, D. Campenhout, J. V.(2007) “An overview of reservoir computing: theory, applications and implementations”. Proceedings of the 15 th European Symposium on Artificial Neural Networks (2007) pp. 471-482. Bruges, Bélgica.
Embrechts, M. J. Alexandre, L.A. Linton, J. D. (2009) “Reservoir computing for static pattern recognition”. 17 th European Symposium on Artificial Neural Networks ESANN 2009, Bruges, Bélgica. pp 245-250.
Kuncheva, L. (2004) “Combining Pattern Classifier, Methods and Algorithms” Wiley, New York.
Verstraeten, D. Schrauwen, B. D’Haene, M. Stroobandt, D. (2006) “The unified Reservoir Computing concept and its digital hardware implementations”. Proceedings of the 2006 EPFL LATSIS Symposium. Lausanne, Suiça
Blankers V.L., Heuvel C.E. van den., Franke K.Y., Vuurpijl L.G.(2010) “The ICDAR 2009 Signature Verification Competition”. 10th International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition. Barcelona, Espanha
Justino, E. J. R., Bortolozzi, F., and Sabourin, R. (2001) “Offline signature verification using hmm for random” In ICDAR 2001, International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition, pp. 1031–1034.
Huang K. e Yan, Hong. (1997) “Off-line Signature Verification based on Geometric Feature Extration and Neural Network Classification”. Pattern Recognition, Vol 30, No. 1, pp. 9-17.
Heinen, M. R., Osorio, F. S. (2004) “Biometria Comportamental: Pesquisa e desenvolvimento de um sistema de autenticação de usuários utilizando assinaturas manuscritas”. INFOCOMP (UFLA. Impresso) Lavras, MG, Brasil, v. 3, n. 2, p. 3137, 2004.
Sisodia, K. e Anand, M. (2009) “Off-line Handwritten Signature Verification using Artificial Neural Network Classifier”. International Journal of Recent Trends in Engineering, Vol 2, no. 2, Novembro.
Gonçalves, D. B. (2008) “Agrupamento de Classificadores na Verificação de Assinaturas off-line”. Setembro de 2008.86p. Dissertação (Mestrado em Informática) – Programa de Pós-Graduação em Informática, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba.
Batista, L., Rivard, D., Sabourin, R., Granger, E., Maupin, P. (2007) “State Of The Art In Off-Line Signature Verification”. Pattern Recognition Technologies and Applications: Recent Advances.
Impedovo, D. e Pirlo, G. (2008) “Automatic Signature Verification: The State of the Art”. IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man and Cybernetics Part C: Applications and Reviews, Vol 38, pp. 609–635.
Mighell, D. A., Wilkinson, T. S., Goodman, J. W. (1989) “Backpropagation and Its Application to Handwritten Signature Verification”. Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 1, pp. 340–347.
Dimauro, G., Impedovo, S., Lucchese, M. G., Modugno, R., Pirlo, G. (2004) “Recent Advancement in Automatic Signature Verification”. Proceedings of 9 th International Workshop on Frontiers in Handwritting Recognition (IWFHR), pp. 179-184.
Tókio, Japão Prakash, H. N. e Guru, D. S. (2009) “Relative Orientations of Geometrics Centroids for Off-line Signature Verification”. International Conference on Advanced Pattern Recognition (ICAPR-2009), ISI, Kolkata, India pp. 201-204.
Bajaj, R. e Chaudhary, S. (1997) “Signature Verification using mutiple neural classifiers”. Pattern Recognition, Vol 30, pp. 1-87.
Shankar, A. P. e Rajagopalan (2007) “Off-line Signature Verification using DWT”. Pattern Recognition Letters, Vol 28, PP. 1407-1414.
Justino, E. J. R. Bortolazzi, F. e Sabourin, R. (2005) “A Comparasion of SVM and HMM classifiers in the Off-line Signature Verification”. Pattern Recognition Letters, Vol 26, Issue 9, pp. 1377-1385.
Xuhua, Y., Furuhashi, T., Obata, K., Uchikawa, Y. (1997) “Selection of Features for Signature Verification Using the Genetic Algorithm”. Computers & Industrial Engineering Vol. 30, No. 4, pp. 1037-1045.
Bertolini, D., Oliveira, L. S., Justino, E., Sabourin, R. (2010) “Reducing Forgeries in Writer-independent Off-line Signature Verification Through Ensemble of Cassifier”. Pattern Recognition, Vol 43, pp. 387-396.
Holzmann G. (2009) “Reservoir Computing: A Powerful Black-Box Framework for Nonlinear Audio Processing”. Proceedings of the 12 th International Conference on Digital Audio Effects (DAFx-09), Como, Italy, 2009.
W. Maass, T. Natschläger, and H. Markram. (2002) “Realtime computing without stable states: A new framework for neural computation based on perturbations”. Neural Computation, Vol 14 No.11 pp.2531–2560.
H. Jaeger and H. Haas. (2004) “Harnessing nonlinearity: predicting chaotic systems and saving energy in wireless telecommunication”. Science, No. 308 pp. 78–80.
J. J. Steil. (2004) “Backpropagation-Decorrelation: Online recurrent learning with O(N) complexity.” In Proceedings of International Joint Conference on Neural Network 2004 Budapeste Hungria, volume 1, pp 843–848.
Schrauwen, B. Verstraeten, D. Campenhout, J. V.(2007) “An overview of reservoir computing: theory, applications and implementations”. Proceedings of the 15 th European Symposium on Artificial Neural Networks (2007) pp. 471-482. Bruges, Bélgica.
Embrechts, M. J. Alexandre, L.A. Linton, J. D. (2009) “Reservoir computing for static pattern recognition”. 17 th European Symposium on Artificial Neural Networks ESANN 2009, Bruges, Bélgica. pp 245-250.
Kuncheva, L. (2004) “Combining Pattern Classifier, Methods and Algorithms” Wiley, New York.
Verstraeten, D. Schrauwen, B. D’Haene, M. Stroobandt, D. (2006) “The unified Reservoir Computing concept and its digital hardware implementations”. Proceedings of the 2006 EPFL LATSIS Symposium. Lausanne, Suiça
Blankers V.L., Heuvel C.E. van den., Franke K.Y., Vuurpijl L.G.(2010) “The ICDAR 2009 Signature Verification Competition”. 10th International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition. Barcelona, Espanha
Justino, E. J. R., Bortolozzi, F., and Sabourin, R. (2001) “Offline signature verification using hmm for random” In ICDAR 2001, International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition, pp. 1031–1034.
Publicado
19/07/2011
Como Citar
NÁPOLES, Saulo Henrique L. de M.; ZANCHETTIN, Cleber.
Uso de Combinação de Reservoir para Verificação de Assinaturas Manuscritas Off-line. In: ENCONTRO NACIONAL DE INTELIGÊNCIA ARTIFICIAL E COMPUTACIONAL (ENIAC), 8. , 2011, Natal/RN.
Anais [...].
Porto Alegre: Sociedade Brasileira de Computação,
2011
.
p. 478-487.
ISSN 2763-9061.