Recomendações de design para promover o engajamento em jogos digitais educacionais: um mapeamento sistemático da literatura
Resumo
Promover o aprendizado por meio de jogos digitais educacionais é uma técnica comprovadamente eficaz. Estudos têm sido conduzidos para melhor compreender a interação dos estudantes com os jogos e aperfeiçoá-los no contexto educacional. Um dos principais elementos a ser considerado para tanto é o engajamento. Este artigo descreve um mapeamento sistemático sobre engajamento em jogos digitais educacionais. Esse buscou responder perguntas sobre a definição de engajamento, a medição de sua efetividade e recomendações para o design de jogos educacionais engajantes, considerando publicações de 2010 a 2022. Ao final, é apresentada uma discussão sobre os pontos complementares e divergentes entre as diferentes abordagens identificadas.
Palavras-chave:
Jogos educacionais, Engajamento, Design de jogos
Referências
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KIILI, K.; LAINEMA, T.; FREITAS, S. de; ARNAB, S. Flow framework for analyzing the quality of educational games. Entertainment Computing, v. 5, n. 4, p. 367–377, 2014.
KNIESTEDT, I.; LEFTER, I.; LUKOSCH, S.; BRAZIER, F. Re-framing engagement for applied games: A conceptual framework. Entertainment Computing, v. 41, 2022.
MILLER, J.; NARAYAN, U.; HANTSBARGER, M.; COOPER, S.; EL-NASR, M. Expertise and engagement: Re-designing citizen science games with players’ minds in mind. ACM International Conference Proceeding Series, 2019.
NYGREN, E. L.; LAINE, T. H.; SUTINEN, E. Dynamics between disturbances and motivations in educational mobile games. International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies, v. 12, n. 3, p. 120–141, 2018.
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RUIPÉREZ-VALIENTE, J. A.; GAYDOS, M.; ROSENHECK, L.; KIM, Y. J.; KLOPFER, E. Patterns of engagement in an educational massively multiplayer online game: A multidimensional view. IEEE Transactions on Learning Technologies, v. 13, n. 4, p. 648–661, 2020.
SHABALINA, O.; MOZELIUS, P.; MALLIARAKIS, C.; TOMOS, F.; BALAN, O.; BLACKEY, H.; GERKUSHENKO, G. Combining game-flow and learning objectives in educational games. In: Proceedings of the European Conference on Games-based Learning. Germany: Curran Associates, Inc., 2014. p. 529–537.
SILVEIRA, I. F. Building effective narratives for educational games. In: XIV Latin American Conference on Learning Technologies. Mexico: CPS, 2019. p. 299–305.
SWEETSER, P.; WYETH, P. Gameflow: a model for evaluating player enjoyment in games. Computers in Entertainment (CIE), ACM, v. 3, n. 3, p. 3–3, 2005.
TAKATALO, J.; HäKKINEN, J.; KAISTINEN, J.; NYMAN, G. User experience in digital games: Differences between laboratory and home. Simulation and Gaming, v. 42, n. 5, p. 656–673, 2011.
TUAH, N.; NIZAM, D.; SANI, Z. Modelling the player and avatar attachment based on student’s engagement and attention in educational games. International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications, v. 12, n. 7, p. 353–360, 2021.
WANG, T.-L.; TSENG, Y.-F. An empirical study: Develop and evaluation a mobile serious game on environmental education. In: 9th International Conference on Computer Science Education. Dinamarca: IEEE, 2014. p. 311–315.
WESTERA, W. How people learn while playing serious games: A computational modelling approach. Journal of Computational Science, v. 18, p. 32–45, 2017.
BROCKMYER, J. H.; FOX, C. M.; CURTISS, K. A.; MCBROOM, E.; BURKHART, K. M.; PIDRUZNY, J. N. The development of the game engagement questionnaire: A measure of engagement in video game-playing. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, v. 45, n. 4, p. 624–634, 2009. ISSN 0022-1031.
CHERTOFF, D. B.; GOLDIEZ, B.; LAVIOLA, J. J. Virtual experience test: A virtual environment evaluation questionnaire. In: 2010 IEEE Virtual Reality Conference (VR). Washington, DC, USA: IEEE Computer Society, 2010. p. 103–110.
CSIKSZENTMIHALYI, M. Flow: The Psychology of Optimal Experience. New York, NY: Harper Perennial, 1991.
CUNNINGHAM, L.; MURPHY, O. Embracing the universal design for learning framework in digital game based learning. Studies in Health Technology and Informatics, v. 256, p. 409–420, 2018.
DELE-AJAYI, O.; STRACHAN, R.; PICKARD, A.; SANDERSON, J. Designing for all: Exploring gender diversity and engagement with digital educational games by young people. In: Frontiers in Education Conference (FIE). Ohio: IEEE, 2019.
ELSATTAR, H. K. H. A. Designing for Game-based Learning Model: The Effective Integration of Flow Experience and Game Elements to Support Learning. In: 14th International Conference on Computer Graphics, Imaging and Visualization. Marrakesh, Morocco.: IEEE Computer Society, 2017. p. 34–43.
ESERYEL, D.; LAW, V.; IFENTHALER, D.; GE, X.; MILLER, R. An investigation of the interrelationships between motivation, engagement, and complex problem solving in game-based learning. Educational Technology and Society, v. 17, n. 1, p. 42–53, 2013.
GANDOLFI, E. Playing, debugging, learning: A proposal between game and instructional designs via extended prototyping. E-Learning and Digital Media, v. 15, n. 2, p. 67–92, 2018.
GAUTHIER, A.; JENKINSON, J. Designing productively negative experiences with serious game mechanics: Qualitative analysis of game-play and game design in a randomized trial. Computers & Education, Elsevier, v. 127, p. 66–89, 2018.
HOOKHAM, G.; NESBITT, K. A systematic review of the definition and measurement of engagement in serious games. In: Proceedings of the australasian computer science week multiconference. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2019. p. 1–10.
KIILI, K.; LAINEMA, T.; FREITAS, S. de; ARNAB, S. Flow framework for analyzing the quality of educational games. Entertainment Computing, v. 5, n. 4, p. 367–377, 2014.
KNIESTEDT, I.; LEFTER, I.; LUKOSCH, S.; BRAZIER, F. Re-framing engagement for applied games: A conceptual framework. Entertainment Computing, v. 41, 2022.
MILLER, J.; NARAYAN, U.; HANTSBARGER, M.; COOPER, S.; EL-NASR, M. Expertise and engagement: Re-designing citizen science games with players’ minds in mind. ACM International Conference Proceeding Series, 2019.
NYGREN, E. L.; LAINE, T. H.; SUTINEN, E. Dynamics between disturbances and motivations in educational mobile games. International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies, v. 12, n. 3, p. 120–141, 2018.
OUELLETTE, M.; BREEDING, L.; CLARK, C. Using applied cognitive load theory and difficulty analysis for educational game design for understanding and transference of literacy skills in adults. In: 14th International Conference on the Foundations of Digital Games. USA: ACM, 2019.
PIRKER, J.; GÜTL, C.; LÖFFLER, J. Ptd: Player type design to foster engaging and playful learning experiences. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, v. 715, p. 487–498, 2018.
RAHIMABAD, R.; REZVANI, M. Identifying factors affecting the immersion and concentration of players in serious games. In: Proceedings of the 2nd International Serious Games Symposium (ISGS). Tehran, Iran: IEEE, 2020. p. 61–67.
RAHIMABAD, R. M.; REZVANI, M. H. Identifying factors affecting the empathy of players in serious games. In: Proceedings of the 3rd International Serious Games Symposium (ISGS). Tehran, Iran: IEEE, 2021. p. 27–34.
RUIPÉREZ-VALIENTE, J. A.; GAYDOS, M.; ROSENHECK, L.; KIM, Y. J.; KLOPFER, E. Patterns of engagement in an educational massively multiplayer online game: A multidimensional view. IEEE Transactions on Learning Technologies, v. 13, n. 4, p. 648–661, 2020.
SHABALINA, O.; MOZELIUS, P.; MALLIARAKIS, C.; TOMOS, F.; BALAN, O.; BLACKEY, H.; GERKUSHENKO, G. Combining game-flow and learning objectives in educational games. In: Proceedings of the European Conference on Games-based Learning. Germany: Curran Associates, Inc., 2014. p. 529–537.
SILVEIRA, I. F. Building effective narratives for educational games. In: XIV Latin American Conference on Learning Technologies. Mexico: CPS, 2019. p. 299–305.
SWEETSER, P.; WYETH, P. Gameflow: a model for evaluating player enjoyment in games. Computers in Entertainment (CIE), ACM, v. 3, n. 3, p. 3–3, 2005.
TAKATALO, J.; HäKKINEN, J.; KAISTINEN, J.; NYMAN, G. User experience in digital games: Differences between laboratory and home. Simulation and Gaming, v. 42, n. 5, p. 656–673, 2011.
TUAH, N.; NIZAM, D.; SANI, Z. Modelling the player and avatar attachment based on student’s engagement and attention in educational games. International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications, v. 12, n. 7, p. 353–360, 2021.
WANG, T.-L.; TSENG, Y.-F. An empirical study: Develop and evaluation a mobile serious game on environmental education. In: 9th International Conference on Computer Science Education. Dinamarca: IEEE, 2014. p. 311–315.
WESTERA, W. How people learn while playing serious games: A computational modelling approach. Journal of Computational Science, v. 18, p. 32–45, 2017.
Publicado
16/11/2022
Como Citar
BUENO, Elyssa D. R.; BEDER, Delano M.; OTSUKA, Joice L..
Recomendações de design para promover o engajamento em jogos digitais educacionais: um mapeamento sistemático da literatura. In: SIMPÓSIO BRASILEIRO DE INFORMÁTICA NA EDUCAÇÃO (SBIE), 33. , 2022, Manaus.
Anais [...].
Porto Alegre: Sociedade Brasileira de Computação,
2022
.
p. 415-426.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5753/sbie.2022.224775.
