Desenvolvimento de um jogo para ensino de medição de software
Resumo
Este artigo apresenta o desenvolvimento e avaliação de um protótipo inicial de um jogo educacional para medição de software. O jogo X-MED v1.0 é voltado para o ensino de medição de software, simulando a definição e execução de um programa de medição voltado a gerência de projetos alinhado ao nível de maturidade 2 do CMMI-DEV. Neste artigo, são apresentadas a concepção do jogo, sua implementação e sua avaliação por uma série de experimentos.
Palavras-chave:
Desenvolvimento de jogo, Ensino, Medição de Software
Referências
Anderson, L. W. e Krathwohl, D. R. (Eds.). (2001). “A Taxonomy for Learning, Teaching, and Assessing: A Revision of Bloom's Taxonomy of Educational Objectives”. New York: Longman.
Baker, A., et. al. (2003) “Problems and Programmers: An Educational Software Engineering Card Game”. Proc. of the 2003 International Conference on Software Engineering, Portland, Oregon. p. 614-619.
Basili, V. R., et. al. (1994) “Goal/Question/Metric Approach”. In J. Marciniak (ed.), Encyclopedia of Software Engineering, vol. 1. John Wiley & Sons.
Buglione, L. (2007) “Project-o-poly. Giocare per Apprendere. Il gioco come opportunità nelle Learning Organizations”. Persone & Conoscenze, Jan/Feb 2007, No.26/27, ESTE, pp 43-47 (em Italiano).
Choi J, Hannafin M (1995) “Situated Cognition and Learning Environments: Roles, Structures and Implications for Design”. Educational Technology Research and Development, 43(2), pp 53-69.
CMMI Product Team (2006) “CMMI for Development, Version 1.2. Technical Report”
CMU/SEI-2006-TR-008, Software Engineering Institute/ Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
Collofello, J. S. (2000) “University/Industry Collaboration in Developing a Simulation Based Software Project Management Training Course”. Proc. of the 13th Conference on Software Engineering Education and Training, Austin, Texas, pp 161-168.
Dantas, A., Barros, M. e Werner, C (2004) “A Simulation-Based Game for Project Management Experiential Learning”. Proc. of the 16th International Conference on Software Engineering & Knowledge Engineering (SEKE'2004), Banff, Canada, pp. 19-24.
Dekkers, C. A. e McQuaid, P. A. (2002) “The Dangers of Using Software Metrics to (Mis)Manage”. IEEE IT Professional, IEEE Computer Society, vol. 4, no. 2, March/April 2002.
Dempsey, J. V., Lucassen, B. e Rasmussen, K. (1996) “The Instructional Gaming Literature: Implications and 99 Sources”. College of Education, University of South Alabama. Technical Report 96-1.
Drappa, A. e Ludewig, J. (2000) “Simulation in Software Engineering Training”. Proc. of the 22nd International Conference on Software Engineering. Limerick, Ireland, pp 199-208.
Ellington H, Addinall E, Percival, F (1982) A Handbook of Game Design., Kogan Page, London
Figueiredo, E., Lobato, C., Dias, K., Leite, J. e Lucena, C. (2007) Um Jogo para o Ensino de Engenharia de Software Centrado na Perspectiva de Evolução. Anais do XV Workshop sobre Educação em Computação (WEI) co-alocado ao XXVII Congresso da SBC. Rio de Janeiro, pp. 37-46
Greitzer, F. L., Kuchar, O. A., Huston, K. (2007) Implications for Enhancing Training Effectiveness in a Serious Gaming Context. ACM Journal of Educational Resources in Computing, Vol. 7, No. 3, Art. 2.
Gresse von Wangenheim, C., Thiry, M., Kochinski, D. (2008). Empirical evaluation of an educational game on software measurement. Empirical Software Engineering, Springer Netherlands.
Hock, G. T. e Hui, G. L. S. (2004) “A Study of the problems and challenges of applying software metrics in software development industry”. Proc. of the M2USIC – MMU International Symposium on Information and Communication Technologies,Putrajaya, Malaysia.
Jacobson, I, Christerson, M, Jonsson, P. e Overgaard, G. (1992) “Object-Oriented Software Engineering: A Use Case Driven Approach”. ACM Press, Addison-Wesley.
Jain, A. e Boehm, B. (2006) “SimVBSE: Developing a Game for Value-Based Software Engineering”. Proc. of the 19th Conference on Software Engineering Education and Training. Turtle Bay, Hawaii, pp 103-111.
Kafai, Y. B. (2001) “The Educational Potential of Electronic Games: From Games-To- Teach to Games-To-Learn”. Conference on Playing by the Rules: The Cultural Policy Challenges of Video Games, Chicago, Illinois.
Kasunic, M. (2006) “The State of Software Measurement Practice: Results of 2006 Survey”. Technical Report CMU/SEI-2006-TR-009, Carnegie Mellon University/Software Engineering Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
Lino, J. I. (2007) “Proposta de um Jogo Educacional para a área de Medição e Análise de Software”. Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (Graduação em Sistemas de Informação) – Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis.
McGarry, J. et. al.. (2001) “Practical Software Measurement: Objective Information for Decision Makers”. Addison-Wesley Professional.
Molenda, M., Pershing, J. A. e Reigeluth, C. M. (1996) “Designing Instructional Systems”. In R. L. Craig (Ed.), The ASTD training and development handbook 4th ed. McGraw-Hill, New York, pp. 266-293.
Oh Navarro, E. e van der Hoek, A. (2007) “Comprehensive Evaluation of an Educational Software Engineering Simulation Environment”. Proc. of the 20th Conference on Software Engineering Education and Training, Dublin, Ireland, pp 195-202.
Ott, L. M. (2005) “Developing Healthy Skepticism not Disbelief - Problems in Teaching Software Metrics”. Proceedings of the 1st Workshop on Methods for Learning Metrics at the 11th IEEE Software Metrics Symposium. Como, Italy.
Percival, F., Ellington, H. e Race, P. (1993) “Handbook of Educational Technology”. 3. Ed., Kogan Page London.
Sharp, H. e Hall, P. (2000) “An Interactive Multimedia Software House Simulation for Postgraduate Software Engineers”. Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Software Engineering. Limerick, Ireland, pp 688-691.
SEI – Software Engineering Institute. Performance Results of CMMI-Based Process Improvement. Pittsburgh: Software Engineering Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, 2006. Disponível em: http://www.sei.cmu.edu/publications/documents/06.reports/06tr004.html . Acesso em: 12 nov. 2007.
SOFTEX (2007) MPS.BR - Melhoria de Processo do Software Brasileiro - Guia Geral v1.2 Disponível em: http://www.softex.br/mpsbr/_guias/MPS.BR_Guia_Geral_V1.2.pdf . Acesso em: 1 dez. 2008.
Wohlin, C., Runeson, P., Höst, M., Ohlsson, M. C., Regnell, B. e Wesslén, A. (2000) “Experimentation in Software Engineering - An Introduction”. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Norwell, MA.
Baker, A., et. al. (2003) “Problems and Programmers: An Educational Software Engineering Card Game”. Proc. of the 2003 International Conference on Software Engineering, Portland, Oregon. p. 614-619.
Basili, V. R., et. al. (1994) “Goal/Question/Metric Approach”. In J. Marciniak (ed.), Encyclopedia of Software Engineering, vol. 1. John Wiley & Sons.
Buglione, L. (2007) “Project-o-poly. Giocare per Apprendere. Il gioco come opportunità nelle Learning Organizations”. Persone & Conoscenze, Jan/Feb 2007, No.26/27, ESTE, pp 43-47 (em Italiano).
Choi J, Hannafin M (1995) “Situated Cognition and Learning Environments: Roles, Structures and Implications for Design”. Educational Technology Research and Development, 43(2), pp 53-69.
CMMI Product Team (2006) “CMMI for Development, Version 1.2. Technical Report”
CMU/SEI-2006-TR-008, Software Engineering Institute/ Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
Collofello, J. S. (2000) “University/Industry Collaboration in Developing a Simulation Based Software Project Management Training Course”. Proc. of the 13th Conference on Software Engineering Education and Training, Austin, Texas, pp 161-168.
Dantas, A., Barros, M. e Werner, C (2004) “A Simulation-Based Game for Project Management Experiential Learning”. Proc. of the 16th International Conference on Software Engineering & Knowledge Engineering (SEKE'2004), Banff, Canada, pp. 19-24.
Dekkers, C. A. e McQuaid, P. A. (2002) “The Dangers of Using Software Metrics to (Mis)Manage”. IEEE IT Professional, IEEE Computer Society, vol. 4, no. 2, March/April 2002.
Dempsey, J. V., Lucassen, B. e Rasmussen, K. (1996) “The Instructional Gaming Literature: Implications and 99 Sources”. College of Education, University of South Alabama. Technical Report 96-1.
Drappa, A. e Ludewig, J. (2000) “Simulation in Software Engineering Training”. Proc. of the 22nd International Conference on Software Engineering. Limerick, Ireland, pp 199-208.
Ellington H, Addinall E, Percival, F (1982) A Handbook of Game Design., Kogan Page, London
Figueiredo, E., Lobato, C., Dias, K., Leite, J. e Lucena, C. (2007) Um Jogo para o Ensino de Engenharia de Software Centrado na Perspectiva de Evolução. Anais do XV Workshop sobre Educação em Computação (WEI) co-alocado ao XXVII Congresso da SBC. Rio de Janeiro, pp. 37-46
Greitzer, F. L., Kuchar, O. A., Huston, K. (2007) Implications for Enhancing Training Effectiveness in a Serious Gaming Context. ACM Journal of Educational Resources in Computing, Vol. 7, No. 3, Art. 2.
Gresse von Wangenheim, C., Thiry, M., Kochinski, D. (2008). Empirical evaluation of an educational game on software measurement. Empirical Software Engineering, Springer Netherlands.
Hock, G. T. e Hui, G. L. S. (2004) “A Study of the problems and challenges of applying software metrics in software development industry”. Proc. of the M2USIC – MMU International Symposium on Information and Communication Technologies,Putrajaya, Malaysia.
Jacobson, I, Christerson, M, Jonsson, P. e Overgaard, G. (1992) “Object-Oriented Software Engineering: A Use Case Driven Approach”. ACM Press, Addison-Wesley.
Jain, A. e Boehm, B. (2006) “SimVBSE: Developing a Game for Value-Based Software Engineering”. Proc. of the 19th Conference on Software Engineering Education and Training. Turtle Bay, Hawaii, pp 103-111.
Kafai, Y. B. (2001) “The Educational Potential of Electronic Games: From Games-To- Teach to Games-To-Learn”. Conference on Playing by the Rules: The Cultural Policy Challenges of Video Games, Chicago, Illinois.
Kasunic, M. (2006) “The State of Software Measurement Practice: Results of 2006 Survey”. Technical Report CMU/SEI-2006-TR-009, Carnegie Mellon University/Software Engineering Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
Lino, J. I. (2007) “Proposta de um Jogo Educacional para a área de Medição e Análise de Software”. Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (Graduação em Sistemas de Informação) – Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis.
McGarry, J. et. al.. (2001) “Practical Software Measurement: Objective Information for Decision Makers”. Addison-Wesley Professional.
Molenda, M., Pershing, J. A. e Reigeluth, C. M. (1996) “Designing Instructional Systems”. In R. L. Craig (Ed.), The ASTD training and development handbook 4th ed. McGraw-Hill, New York, pp. 266-293.
Oh Navarro, E. e van der Hoek, A. (2007) “Comprehensive Evaluation of an Educational Software Engineering Simulation Environment”. Proc. of the 20th Conference on Software Engineering Education and Training, Dublin, Ireland, pp 195-202.
Ott, L. M. (2005) “Developing Healthy Skepticism not Disbelief - Problems in Teaching Software Metrics”. Proceedings of the 1st Workshop on Methods for Learning Metrics at the 11th IEEE Software Metrics Symposium. Como, Italy.
Percival, F., Ellington, H. e Race, P. (1993) “Handbook of Educational Technology”. 3. Ed., Kogan Page London.
Sharp, H. e Hall, P. (2000) “An Interactive Multimedia Software House Simulation for Postgraduate Software Engineers”. Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Software Engineering. Limerick, Ireland, pp 688-691.
SEI – Software Engineering Institute. Performance Results of CMMI-Based Process Improvement. Pittsburgh: Software Engineering Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, 2006. Disponível em: http://www.sei.cmu.edu/publications/documents/06.reports/06tr004.html . Acesso em: 12 nov. 2007.
SOFTEX (2007) MPS.BR - Melhoria de Processo do Software Brasileiro - Guia Geral v1.2 Disponível em: http://www.softex.br/mpsbr/_guias/MPS.BR_Guia_Geral_V1.2.pdf . Acesso em: 1 dez. 2008.
Wohlin, C., Runeson, P., Höst, M., Ohlsson, M. C., Regnell, B. e Wesslén, A. (2000) “Experimentation in Software Engineering - An Introduction”. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Norwell, MA.
Publicado
01/06/2009
Como Citar
VON WANGENHEIM, Christiane Gresse; THIRY, Marcello; KOCHANSKI, Djone; STEIL, Leonardo; SILVA, Djoni; LINO, Juliana.
Desenvolvimento de um jogo para ensino de medição de software. In: SIMPÓSIO BRASILEIRO DE QUALIDADE DE SOFTWARE (SBQS), 8. , 2009, Ouro Preto.
Anais [...].
Porto Alegre: Sociedade Brasileira de Computação,
2009
.
p. 46-60.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5753/sbqs.2009.15503.
