Gerenciamento Descentralizado de Identidades para Cidades Inteligentes Baseado na Tecnologia Blockchain
Resumo
Cidade Inteligente é um paradigma capaz de atenuar os problemas causados pela urbanização, transformando o ambiente da cidade em algo mais sustentável. Para a adoção deste paradigma, uma questão relevante é a gestão de identidade dos diversos atores envolvidos, que envolve unidades administrativas do poder municipal, dispositivos de IoT, provedores de serviços e usuários. Este trabalho apresenta um modelo para gestão descentralizada de identidades baseado em blockchain, especificamente voltado para o contexto das cidades inteligentes. Adicionalmente, explorou-se o modelo para desenvolver uma infraestrutura de segurança integrada a uma plataforma de middleware para cidades inteligentes. Este artigo descreve o modelo proposto, sua implementação, validação e avaliação demonstrando, assim, sua viabilidade.
Palavras-chave:
Gestão de Identidades, Blockchain, Cidades Inteligentes, Internet das Coisas
Referências
Alamer, M. and Almaiah, M. A. (2021). Cybersecurity in smart city: A systematic mapping study. In 2021 International Conference on Information Technology (ICIT), pages 719–724. IEEE.
Batra, N., Parson, O., Berges, M., Singh, A., and Rogers, A. (2014). A comparison of non-intrusive load monitoring methods for commercial and residential buildings. arXiv:1408.6595.
Bertino, E. and Takahashi, K. (2010). Identity management: Concepts, technologies, and systems. Artech House.
da Conceição, A. F. and Rocha, V. E. M. (2020). Blockchain: conceitos básicos. Amazon Kindle.
Del Esposte, A. M., Kon, F., Costa, F. M., and Lago, N. (2017). Interscity: A scalable microservice-based open source platform for smart cities. In SMARTGREENS, volume 1, pages 35–46.
Dunphy, P. and Petitcolas, F. A. (2018). A first look at identity management schemes on the blockchain. IEEE security & privacy, 16(4):20–29.
El Haddouti, S. and El Kettani, M. D. E.-C. (2019). Analysis of identity management systems using blockchain technology. In 2019 International Conference on Advanced Communication Technologies and Networking (CommNet), pages 1–7. IEEE.
Ghaffari, F., Gilani, K., Bertin, E., and Crespi, N. (2022). Identity and access management using distributed ledger technology: A survey. International Journal of Network Management, 32(2):e2180.
ITU, I. T. U. (2009). NGN identity management framework. International Telecomunication Union, itu-t y2720 edition.
Jones, M. (2015). Json web key (jwk). Technical report, Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF).
Khan, M. A. and Salah, K. (2018). IoT security: Review, blockchain solutions, and open challenges. Future Generation Computer Systems, 82:395–411.
Kikitamara, S., van Eekelen, M., and Doomernik, D. I. J.-P. (2017). Digital identity management on blockchain for open model energy system. Unpublished Masters thesis – Information Science.
Liu, Y., He, D., Obaidat, M. S., Kumar, N., Khan, M. K., and Choo, K.-K. R. (2020). Blockchain-based identity management systems: A review. Journal of network and computer applications, 166:102731.
Manohar, A. and Briggs, J. (2018). Identity management in the age of blockchain 3.0. Workshop HCI for Blockchain.
Mektoubi, A., Hassani, H. L., Belhadaoui, H., Rifi, M., and Zakari, A. (2016). New approach for securing communication over mqtt protocol a comparaison between rsa and elliptic curve. In 2016 Third International Conference on Systems of Collaboration (SysCo), pages 1–6. IEEE.
Mikula, T. and Jacobsen, R. H. (2018). Identity and access management with blockchain in electronic healthcare records. In 2018 21st Euromicro conference on digital system design (DSD), pages 699–706. IEEE.
Neirotti, P., De Marco, A., Cagliano, A. C., Mangano, G., and Scorrano, F. (2014). Current trends in smart city initiatives: Some stylised facts. Cities, 38:25–36.
Preukschat, A. and Reed, D. (2021). Self-sovereign identity. Manning Publications.
Rahat, A. H., Rumon, M. R., Joti, T. J., Tasnin, H., Akter, T., Shakil, A., and Hossain, M. I. (2022). Blockchain based secured multipurpose identity (smid) management system for smart cities. In 2022 IEEE 12th Annual Computing and Communication Workshop and Conference (CCWC), pages 0737–0744.
Santos, J. P. N. d. (2018). Identity management in healthcare using blockchain technology. Master’s thesis, Universidade de Evora. ´
Tracy, K. (2008). Identity management systems. IEEE Potentials, 27(6):34–37.
Venkatraman, S. and Parvin, S. (2022). Developing an IoT identity management system using blockchain. Systems, 10(2):39.
Wang, S., Li, H., Chen, J., Wang, J., and Deng, Y. (2022). DAG blockchain-based lightweight authentication and authorization scheme for IoT devices. Journal of Information Security and Applications, 66:103134.
Xie, J., Tang, H., Huang, T., Yu, F. R., Xie, R., Liu, J., and Liu, Y. (2019). A survey of blockchain technology applied to smart cities: Research issues and challenges. IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials, 21(3):2794–2830.
Zhang, K., Ni, J., Yang, K., Liang, X., Ren, J., and Shen, X. S. (2017). Security and privacy in smart city applications: Challenges and solutions. IEEE Communications Magazine, 55(1):122–129.
Batra, N., Parson, O., Berges, M., Singh, A., and Rogers, A. (2014). A comparison of non-intrusive load monitoring methods for commercial and residential buildings. arXiv:1408.6595.
Bertino, E. and Takahashi, K. (2010). Identity management: Concepts, technologies, and systems. Artech House.
da Conceição, A. F. and Rocha, V. E. M. (2020). Blockchain: conceitos básicos. Amazon Kindle.
Del Esposte, A. M., Kon, F., Costa, F. M., and Lago, N. (2017). Interscity: A scalable microservice-based open source platform for smart cities. In SMARTGREENS, volume 1, pages 35–46.
Dunphy, P. and Petitcolas, F. A. (2018). A first look at identity management schemes on the blockchain. IEEE security & privacy, 16(4):20–29.
El Haddouti, S. and El Kettani, M. D. E.-C. (2019). Analysis of identity management systems using blockchain technology. In 2019 International Conference on Advanced Communication Technologies and Networking (CommNet), pages 1–7. IEEE.
Ghaffari, F., Gilani, K., Bertin, E., and Crespi, N. (2022). Identity and access management using distributed ledger technology: A survey. International Journal of Network Management, 32(2):e2180.
ITU, I. T. U. (2009). NGN identity management framework. International Telecomunication Union, itu-t y2720 edition.
Jones, M. (2015). Json web key (jwk). Technical report, Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF).
Khan, M. A. and Salah, K. (2018). IoT security: Review, blockchain solutions, and open challenges. Future Generation Computer Systems, 82:395–411.
Kikitamara, S., van Eekelen, M., and Doomernik, D. I. J.-P. (2017). Digital identity management on blockchain for open model energy system. Unpublished Masters thesis – Information Science.
Liu, Y., He, D., Obaidat, M. S., Kumar, N., Khan, M. K., and Choo, K.-K. R. (2020). Blockchain-based identity management systems: A review. Journal of network and computer applications, 166:102731.
Manohar, A. and Briggs, J. (2018). Identity management in the age of blockchain 3.0. Workshop HCI for Blockchain.
Mektoubi, A., Hassani, H. L., Belhadaoui, H., Rifi, M., and Zakari, A. (2016). New approach for securing communication over mqtt protocol a comparaison between rsa and elliptic curve. In 2016 Third International Conference on Systems of Collaboration (SysCo), pages 1–6. IEEE.
Mikula, T. and Jacobsen, R. H. (2018). Identity and access management with blockchain in electronic healthcare records. In 2018 21st Euromicro conference on digital system design (DSD), pages 699–706. IEEE.
Neirotti, P., De Marco, A., Cagliano, A. C., Mangano, G., and Scorrano, F. (2014). Current trends in smart city initiatives: Some stylised facts. Cities, 38:25–36.
Preukschat, A. and Reed, D. (2021). Self-sovereign identity. Manning Publications.
Rahat, A. H., Rumon, M. R., Joti, T. J., Tasnin, H., Akter, T., Shakil, A., and Hossain, M. I. (2022). Blockchain based secured multipurpose identity (smid) management system for smart cities. In 2022 IEEE 12th Annual Computing and Communication Workshop and Conference (CCWC), pages 0737–0744.
Santos, J. P. N. d. (2018). Identity management in healthcare using blockchain technology. Master’s thesis, Universidade de Evora. ´
Tracy, K. (2008). Identity management systems. IEEE Potentials, 27(6):34–37.
Venkatraman, S. and Parvin, S. (2022). Developing an IoT identity management system using blockchain. Systems, 10(2):39.
Wang, S., Li, H., Chen, J., Wang, J., and Deng, Y. (2022). DAG blockchain-based lightweight authentication and authorization scheme for IoT devices. Journal of Information Security and Applications, 66:103134.
Xie, J., Tang, H., Huang, T., Yu, F. R., Xie, R., Liu, J., and Liu, Y. (2019). A survey of blockchain technology applied to smart cities: Research issues and challenges. IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials, 21(3):2794–2830.
Zhang, K., Ni, J., Yang, K., Liang, X., Ren, J., and Shen, X. S. (2017). Security and privacy in smart city applications: Challenges and solutions. IEEE Communications Magazine, 55(1):122–129.
Publicado
12/09/2022
Como Citar
CARDOSO, André Luiz Almeida; ROTONDARO, Bruno Maciel; PENHA, Luiz Gonzaga; ENDLER, Markus; DA CONCEIÇÃO, Arlindo Flávio; DA SILVA E SILVA, Francisco José.
Gerenciamento Descentralizado de Identidades para Cidades Inteligentes Baseado na Tecnologia Blockchain. In: SIMPÓSIO BRASILEIRO DE SEGURANÇA DA INFORMAÇÃO E DE SISTEMAS COMPUTACIONAIS (SBSEG), 22. , 2022, Santa Maria.
Anais [...].
Porto Alegre: Sociedade Brasileira de Computação,
2022
.
p. 57-70.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5753/sbseg.2022.224099.
