ToID: Reputação Baseada em Identificadores Descentralizados Para Aplicações Distribuídas
Resumo
Os sistemas de reputação se tornam um mecanismo de confiança importante à medida em que a Internet se torna cada vez mais descentralizada. Todavia, os sistemas de reputações atuais são construídos sobre infraestruturas centralizadas de gerenciamento que impactam diretamente na privacidade e na própria descentralização da rede. Por outro lado, os modelos descentralizados de reputação garantem maior escalabilidade e elasticidade das aplicações, mas sacrificam a privacidade em prol da autenticidade dos participantes. Neste trabalho é proposta a Trust over IDentity que visa prover uma infraestrutura de reputação baseada no paradigma de identidade digital descentralizada para garantia de confiança sem afligir a privacidade e autenticidade de ambos provedores e consumidores de serviços. A proposta foi implementada e avaliada através de emulações que confirmaram seu potencial na manutenção da integridade da reputação e possibilidade expansão para outros cenários de aplicações por meio do uso de smart-contracts.Referências
Almasoud, A. S., Hussain, F. K., and Hussain, O. K. (2020). Smart contracts for blockchain-based reputation systems: A systematic literature review. Journal of Network and Computer Applications, 170:102814.
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Avellaneda, O., Bachmann, A., Barbir, A., Brenan, J., Dingle, P., Duffy, K. H., Maler, E., Reed, D., and Sporny, M. (2019). Decentralized identity: Where did it come from and where is it going? IEEE Communications Standards Magazine, 3(4):10–13.
Bellini, E., Iraqi, Y., and Damiani, E. (2020). Blockchain-based distributed trust and reputation management systems: A survey. IEEE Access, 8:21127–21151.
Botsman, R. (2017). Who can you trust?: how technology brought us together–and why it could drive us apart. Penguin UK.
Caronni, G. (2000). Walking the web of trust. In Proceedings IEEE 9th International Workshops on Enabling Technologies: Infrastructure for Collaborative Enterprises (WET ICE 2000), pages 153–158. IEEE.
Dannen, C. and Dannen, C. (2017). Solidity programming. Introducing Ethereum and Solidity: Foundations of Cryptocurrency and Blockchain Programming for Beginners, pages 69–88.
Dhillon, V., Metcalf, D., Hooper, M., Dhillon, V., Metcalf, D., and Hooper, M. (2017). The hyperledger project. Blockchain enabled applications: Understand the Blockchain ecosystem and how to make it work for you, pages 139–149.
Feraudo, A., Romandini, N., Mazzocca, C., Montanari, R., and Bellavista, P. (2024). Diva: A did-based reputation system for secure transmission in vanets using iota. Computer Networks, page 110332.
Fernandes, C. P., Montez, C., Adriano, D. D., Boukerche, A., and Wangham, M. S. (2023). A blockchain-based reputation system for trusted vanet nodes. Ad Hoc Networks, 140:103071.
Foundation, H. (2024). Hyperledger besu. [link]. Accessed: 2024-06-05.
Gupta, M., Judge, P., and Ammar, M. (2003). A reputation system for peer-to-peer networks. In Proceedings of the 13th international workshop on Network and operating systems support for digital audio and video, pages 144–152.
Hardman, D. (2019). Aries rfc 0005: Did communication. Hyperledger. URL: [link] (besucht am 28. 12. 2021).
Hou, B., Xin, Y., Zhu, H., Yang, Y., and Yang, J. (2023). Vanet secure reputation evaluation & management model based on double layer blockchain. Applied Sciences, 13(9).
Król, M., Habak, K., Oran, D., Kutscher, D., and Psaras, I. (2018). Rice: Remote method invocation in icn. In Proceedings of the 5th ACM Conference on Information-Centric Networking, pages 1–11.
Lyons, R. E. and Vanderkulk, W. (1962). The use of triple-modular redundancy to improve computer reliability. IBM journal of research and development, 6(2):200–209.
Moniz, H. (2020). The istanbul bft consensus algorithm. arXiv preprint arXiv:2002.03613.
Singh, R., Donegan, A., and Tewari, H. (2020). Framework for a decentralized web. In 2020 30th International Telecommunication Networks and Applications Conference (ITNAC), pages 1–7. IEEE.
Tan, K. L., Chi, C.-H., and Lam, K.-Y. (2023). Survey on digital sovereignty and identity: from digitization to digitalization. ACM Computing Surveys, 56(3):1–36.
Yu, T., Xie, H., Liu, S., Ma, X., Patil, V., Jia, X., and Zhang, L. (2023). Cledger: A secure distributed certificate ledger via named data. In ICC 2023-IEEE International Conference on Communications, pages 5091–5096. IEEE.
Zhang, L., Afanasyev, A., Burke, J., Jacobson, V., Crowley, P., Papadopoulos, C., Wang, L., Zhang, B., et al. (2014). Named data networking. ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review, 44(3):66–73.
Zhang, Z., Vasavada, V., Ma, X., and Zhang, L. (2019). Dledger: An iot-friendly private distributed ledger system based on dag. arXiv preprint arXiv:1902.09031.
Zimmermann, P. (1992). PGP User’s Guide. Phil Zimmermann. Version 2.0.
Aries, H. (2023). Hyperledger aries cloud agent python. Accessed: Apr, 28:2023.
Avellaneda, O., Bachmann, A., Barbir, A., Brenan, J., Dingle, P., Duffy, K. H., Maler, E., Reed, D., and Sporny, M. (2019). Decentralized identity: Where did it come from and where is it going? IEEE Communications Standards Magazine, 3(4):10–13.
Bellini, E., Iraqi, Y., and Damiani, E. (2020). Blockchain-based distributed trust and reputation management systems: A survey. IEEE Access, 8:21127–21151.
Botsman, R. (2017). Who can you trust?: how technology brought us together–and why it could drive us apart. Penguin UK.
Caronni, G. (2000). Walking the web of trust. In Proceedings IEEE 9th International Workshops on Enabling Technologies: Infrastructure for Collaborative Enterprises (WET ICE 2000), pages 153–158. IEEE.
Dannen, C. and Dannen, C. (2017). Solidity programming. Introducing Ethereum and Solidity: Foundations of Cryptocurrency and Blockchain Programming for Beginners, pages 69–88.
Dhillon, V., Metcalf, D., Hooper, M., Dhillon, V., Metcalf, D., and Hooper, M. (2017). The hyperledger project. Blockchain enabled applications: Understand the Blockchain ecosystem and how to make it work for you, pages 139–149.
Feraudo, A., Romandini, N., Mazzocca, C., Montanari, R., and Bellavista, P. (2024). Diva: A did-based reputation system for secure transmission in vanets using iota. Computer Networks, page 110332.
Fernandes, C. P., Montez, C., Adriano, D. D., Boukerche, A., and Wangham, M. S. (2023). A blockchain-based reputation system for trusted vanet nodes. Ad Hoc Networks, 140:103071.
Foundation, H. (2024). Hyperledger besu. [link]. Accessed: 2024-06-05.
Gupta, M., Judge, P., and Ammar, M. (2003). A reputation system for peer-to-peer networks. In Proceedings of the 13th international workshop on Network and operating systems support for digital audio and video, pages 144–152.
Hardman, D. (2019). Aries rfc 0005: Did communication. Hyperledger. URL: [link] (besucht am 28. 12. 2021).
Hou, B., Xin, Y., Zhu, H., Yang, Y., and Yang, J. (2023). Vanet secure reputation evaluation & management model based on double layer blockchain. Applied Sciences, 13(9).
Król, M., Habak, K., Oran, D., Kutscher, D., and Psaras, I. (2018). Rice: Remote method invocation in icn. In Proceedings of the 5th ACM Conference on Information-Centric Networking, pages 1–11.
Lyons, R. E. and Vanderkulk, W. (1962). The use of triple-modular redundancy to improve computer reliability. IBM journal of research and development, 6(2):200–209.
Moniz, H. (2020). The istanbul bft consensus algorithm. arXiv preprint arXiv:2002.03613.
Singh, R., Donegan, A., and Tewari, H. (2020). Framework for a decentralized web. In 2020 30th International Telecommunication Networks and Applications Conference (ITNAC), pages 1–7. IEEE.
Tan, K. L., Chi, C.-H., and Lam, K.-Y. (2023). Survey on digital sovereignty and identity: from digitization to digitalization. ACM Computing Surveys, 56(3):1–36.
Yu, T., Xie, H., Liu, S., Ma, X., Patil, V., Jia, X., and Zhang, L. (2023). Cledger: A secure distributed certificate ledger via named data. In ICC 2023-IEEE International Conference on Communications, pages 5091–5096. IEEE.
Zhang, L., Afanasyev, A., Burke, J., Jacobson, V., Crowley, P., Papadopoulos, C., Wang, L., Zhang, B., et al. (2014). Named data networking. ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review, 44(3):66–73.
Zhang, Z., Vasavada, V., Ma, X., and Zhang, L. (2019). Dledger: An iot-friendly private distributed ledger system based on dag. arXiv preprint arXiv:1902.09031.
Zimmermann, P. (1992). PGP User’s Guide. Phil Zimmermann. Version 2.0.
Publicado
16/09/2024
Como Citar
SOUSA, Antonio M. de; FREITAS, Allan E. S.; SAMPAIO, Leobino N..
ToID: Reputação Baseada em Identificadores Descentralizados Para Aplicações Distribuídas. In: SIMPÓSIO BRASILEIRO DE SEGURANÇA DA INFORMAÇÃO E DE SISTEMAS COMPUTACIONAIS (SBSEG), 24. , 2024, São José dos Campos/SP.
Anais [...].
Porto Alegre: Sociedade Brasileira de Computação,
2024
.
p. 600-615.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5753/sbseg.2024.241757.