Evidências de disseminação de conteúdo no Telegram durante o ataque aos órgãos públicos brasileiros em 2023
Resumo
Given the increasing importance of instant messaging apps in the dissemination of information, this study investigates coordination patterns in user groups on the Telegram in post-2022 election Brazil. Text messages shared in approximately 270 politically oriented groups during the first two weeks of January 2023 were analyzed using a methodology that includes media-centric network modeling, backbone extraction techniques, and community detection algorithms. Our results reveal evidence of user coordination in promoting antidemocratic content, demonstrating how these communities are capable of efficiently disseminating information on a large scale. Specifically, we observed significant activity related to the attack on Brazilian public institutions, including the government, Supreme Federal Court (STF), Senate, and Congress.
Palavras-chave:
Disseminação de Informação, Extração de Backbone, Modelagem de Rede, Telegram
Referências
Marina Azzimonti and Marcos Fernandes. 2023. Social media networks, fake news, and polarization. European journal of political economy 76 (2023), 102256.
Vincent D Blondel, Jean-Loup Guillaume, Renaud Lambiotte, and Etienne Lefebvre. 2008. Fast unfolding of comm. in large networks. Journal of Statistical Mechanics: Theory and Experiment (2008).
Alexandre Bovet and Peter Grindrod. 2022. Organization and evolution of the UK far-right network on Telegram. Applied Network Science 7, 1 (2022), 76.
Victor S. Bursztyn and Larry Birnbaum. 2019. Thousands of Small, Constant Rallies: A Large-Scale Analysis of Partisan WhatsApp Groups. In Proc. of ASONAM. 484–488.
Dominik Bär, Nicolas Pröllochs, and Stefan Feuerriegel. 2023. New threats to society from free-speech social media platforms. arXiv:2302.01229 [cs.SI]
Athus Cavalini, Fabio Malini, Fabio Gouveia, and Giovanni Comarela. 2023. Politics and disinf.: Analyzing the use of Telegram’s inf. disorder network in Brazil for political mobilization. First Monday (2023).
Viktor Chagas. 2022. WhatsApp and digital astroturfing: a social network analysis of Brazilian political discussion groups of Bolsonaro’s supporters. International journal of communication 16 (2022).
Jose Martins da Rosa, Renan Saldanha Linhares, Carlos Henrique Gomes Ferreira, Gabriel P. Nobre, Fabricio Murai, and Jussara M. Almeida. 2022. Uncovering Discussion Groups on Claims of Election Fraud from Twitter. In Proc. of 13th International Conference Social Informatics.
Arash Dargahi Nobari, Negar Reshadatmand, and Mahmood Neshati. 2017. Analysis of Telegram, An Instant Messaging Service. In Proc. of CIKM.
Jacob Devlin, Ming-Wei Chang, Kenton Lee, and Kristina Toutanova. 2019. BERT: Pre-training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understanding. In Proc.of NAACL, Jill Burstein, Christy Doran, and Thamar Solorio (Eds.). 4171–4186. DOI: 10.18653/v1/N19-1423
Carlos H. G. Ferreira, Fabricio Murai, Ana P. C. Silva, Martino Trevisan, Luca Vassio, Idilio Drago, Marco Mellia, and Jussara M. Almeida. 2022. On network backbone extraction for modeling online collective behavior. PLOS ONE 17, 9 (092022), 1–36. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0274218
Kiran Garimella and Gareth Tyson. 2018. WhatApp Doc? A First Look at WhatsApp Public Group Data. Proc.of ICWSM (2018).
Maarten Grootendorst. 2022. BERTopic: Neural topic modeling with a class-based TF-IDF procedure. arXiv preprint arXiv:2203.05794 (2022).
Aliaksandr Herasimenka, Jonathan Bright, Aleksi Knuutila, and Philip N Howard. 2023. Misinformation and professional news on largely unmoderated platforms: The case of telegram. Journal of Information Technology & Politics 20, 2 (2023), 198–212.
Mohamad Hoseini, Philipe Melo, Fabricio Benevenuto, Anja Feldmann, and Savvas Zannettou. 2023. On the globalization of the QAnon conspiracy theory through Telegram. In Proceedings of the 15th ACM Web Science Conference 2023. 75–85.
Manoel Júnior, Philipe Melo, Ana Paula Couto da Silva, Fabrício Benevenuto, and Jussara Almeida. 2021. Towards understanding the use of telegram by political groups in brazil. In Proceedings of the Brazilian Symposium on Multimedia and the Web. 237–244.
Renan S. Linhares, José M. Rosa, Carlos H. G. Ferreira, Fabricio Murai, Gabriel Nobre, and Jussara Almeida. 2022. Uncovering Coordinated Communities on Twitter During the 2020 U.S. Election. In Proc. of ASONAM.
M. E. J. Newman and M. Girvan. 2004. Finding and evaluating community structure in networks. Phys. Rev. E 69 (Feb 2004), 026113. Issue 2. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevE.69.026113
Leonardo Nizzoli, Serena Tardelli, Marco Avvenuti, Stefano Cresci, and Maurizio Tesconi. 2021. Coordinated Behavior on Social Media in 2019 UK General Election. Proc.of ICWSM 15, 1 (May 2021), 443–454. DOI: 10.1609/icwsm.v15i1.18074
Gabriel Nobre, Carlos Ferreira, and Jussara Almeida. 2020. Beyond Groups: Uncovering Dynamic Communities on the WhatsApp Network of Information Dissemination. In Proc. of SocInfo.
Gabriel Peres Nobre, Carlos H.G. Ferreira, and Jussara M. Almeida. 2022. A Hierarchical Network-Oriented Analysis of User Participation in Misinformation Spread on WhatsApp. Information Processing and Management (jan 2022), 21 pages.
PANORAMA. 2023. Panorama Mobile Time/Opinion Box - Mensageria no Brasil - Janeiro de 2023. [link] Published: Publicações EPE.
Patrícia Rossini, Camila Mont’Alverne, and Antonis Kalogeropoulos. 2023. Explaining beliefs in electoral misinformation in the 2022 Brazilian election: The role of ideology, political trust, social media, and messaging apps. Harvard Kennedy School (HKS). (2023).
M. Angeles Serrano, Marián Boguna, and Alessandro Vespignani. 2009. Extracting the multiscale backbone of complex weighted networks. Proc.of the National Academy of Sciences 106, 16 (April 2009), 6483–6488. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0808904106
Ivan Slobozhan, Tymofii Brik, and Rajesh Sharma. 2023. Differentiable characteristics of Telegram mediums during protests in Belarus 2020. Social Network Analysis and Mining (2023).
Fábio Souza, Rodrigo Nogueira, and Roberto Lotufo. 2020. BERTimbau: Pretrained BERT Models for Brazilian Portuguese. In Intelligent Systems, Ricardo Cerri and Ronaldo C. Prati (Eds.). Springer International Publishing, Cham, 403–417.
Aleksandra Urman and Stefan Katz. 2022. What they do in the shadows: examining the far-right networks on Telegram. Information, communication & society 25, 7 (2022), 904–923.
Otavio R Venâncio, Carlos HG Ferreira, Jussara M Almeida, and Ana Paula C da Silva. 2024. Unraveling User Coordination on Telegram: A Comprehensive Analysis of Political Mobilization during the 2022 Brazilian Presidential Election. In Proceedings of the International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media, Vol. 18. 1545–1556.
Vincent D Blondel, Jean-Loup Guillaume, Renaud Lambiotte, and Etienne Lefebvre. 2008. Fast unfolding of comm. in large networks. Journal of Statistical Mechanics: Theory and Experiment (2008).
Alexandre Bovet and Peter Grindrod. 2022. Organization and evolution of the UK far-right network on Telegram. Applied Network Science 7, 1 (2022), 76.
Victor S. Bursztyn and Larry Birnbaum. 2019. Thousands of Small, Constant Rallies: A Large-Scale Analysis of Partisan WhatsApp Groups. In Proc. of ASONAM. 484–488.
Dominik Bär, Nicolas Pröllochs, and Stefan Feuerriegel. 2023. New threats to society from free-speech social media platforms. arXiv:2302.01229 [cs.SI]
Athus Cavalini, Fabio Malini, Fabio Gouveia, and Giovanni Comarela. 2023. Politics and disinf.: Analyzing the use of Telegram’s inf. disorder network in Brazil for political mobilization. First Monday (2023).
Viktor Chagas. 2022. WhatsApp and digital astroturfing: a social network analysis of Brazilian political discussion groups of Bolsonaro’s supporters. International journal of communication 16 (2022).
Jose Martins da Rosa, Renan Saldanha Linhares, Carlos Henrique Gomes Ferreira, Gabriel P. Nobre, Fabricio Murai, and Jussara M. Almeida. 2022. Uncovering Discussion Groups on Claims of Election Fraud from Twitter. In Proc. of 13th International Conference Social Informatics.
Arash Dargahi Nobari, Negar Reshadatmand, and Mahmood Neshati. 2017. Analysis of Telegram, An Instant Messaging Service. In Proc. of CIKM.
Jacob Devlin, Ming-Wei Chang, Kenton Lee, and Kristina Toutanova. 2019. BERT: Pre-training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understanding. In Proc.of NAACL, Jill Burstein, Christy Doran, and Thamar Solorio (Eds.). 4171–4186. DOI: 10.18653/v1/N19-1423
Carlos H. G. Ferreira, Fabricio Murai, Ana P. C. Silva, Martino Trevisan, Luca Vassio, Idilio Drago, Marco Mellia, and Jussara M. Almeida. 2022. On network backbone extraction for modeling online collective behavior. PLOS ONE 17, 9 (092022), 1–36. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0274218
Kiran Garimella and Gareth Tyson. 2018. WhatApp Doc? A First Look at WhatsApp Public Group Data. Proc.of ICWSM (2018).
Maarten Grootendorst. 2022. BERTopic: Neural topic modeling with a class-based TF-IDF procedure. arXiv preprint arXiv:2203.05794 (2022).
Aliaksandr Herasimenka, Jonathan Bright, Aleksi Knuutila, and Philip N Howard. 2023. Misinformation and professional news on largely unmoderated platforms: The case of telegram. Journal of Information Technology & Politics 20, 2 (2023), 198–212.
Mohamad Hoseini, Philipe Melo, Fabricio Benevenuto, Anja Feldmann, and Savvas Zannettou. 2023. On the globalization of the QAnon conspiracy theory through Telegram. In Proceedings of the 15th ACM Web Science Conference 2023. 75–85.
Manoel Júnior, Philipe Melo, Ana Paula Couto da Silva, Fabrício Benevenuto, and Jussara Almeida. 2021. Towards understanding the use of telegram by political groups in brazil. In Proceedings of the Brazilian Symposium on Multimedia and the Web. 237–244.
Renan S. Linhares, José M. Rosa, Carlos H. G. Ferreira, Fabricio Murai, Gabriel Nobre, and Jussara Almeida. 2022. Uncovering Coordinated Communities on Twitter During the 2020 U.S. Election. In Proc. of ASONAM.
M. E. J. Newman and M. Girvan. 2004. Finding and evaluating community structure in networks. Phys. Rev. E 69 (Feb 2004), 026113. Issue 2. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevE.69.026113
Leonardo Nizzoli, Serena Tardelli, Marco Avvenuti, Stefano Cresci, and Maurizio Tesconi. 2021. Coordinated Behavior on Social Media in 2019 UK General Election. Proc.of ICWSM 15, 1 (May 2021), 443–454. DOI: 10.1609/icwsm.v15i1.18074
Gabriel Nobre, Carlos Ferreira, and Jussara Almeida. 2020. Beyond Groups: Uncovering Dynamic Communities on the WhatsApp Network of Information Dissemination. In Proc. of SocInfo.
Gabriel Peres Nobre, Carlos H.G. Ferreira, and Jussara M. Almeida. 2022. A Hierarchical Network-Oriented Analysis of User Participation in Misinformation Spread on WhatsApp. Information Processing and Management (jan 2022), 21 pages.
PANORAMA. 2023. Panorama Mobile Time/Opinion Box - Mensageria no Brasil - Janeiro de 2023. [link] Published: Publicações EPE.
Patrícia Rossini, Camila Mont’Alverne, and Antonis Kalogeropoulos. 2023. Explaining beliefs in electoral misinformation in the 2022 Brazilian election: The role of ideology, political trust, social media, and messaging apps. Harvard Kennedy School (HKS). (2023).
M. Angeles Serrano, Marián Boguna, and Alessandro Vespignani. 2009. Extracting the multiscale backbone of complex weighted networks. Proc.of the National Academy of Sciences 106, 16 (April 2009), 6483–6488. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0808904106
Ivan Slobozhan, Tymofii Brik, and Rajesh Sharma. 2023. Differentiable characteristics of Telegram mediums during protests in Belarus 2020. Social Network Analysis and Mining (2023).
Fábio Souza, Rodrigo Nogueira, and Roberto Lotufo. 2020. BERTimbau: Pretrained BERT Models for Brazilian Portuguese. In Intelligent Systems, Ricardo Cerri and Ronaldo C. Prati (Eds.). Springer International Publishing, Cham, 403–417.
Aleksandra Urman and Stefan Katz. 2022. What they do in the shadows: examining the far-right networks on Telegram. Information, communication & society 25, 7 (2022), 904–923.
Otavio R Venâncio, Carlos HG Ferreira, Jussara M Almeida, and Ana Paula C da Silva. 2024. Unraveling User Coordination on Telegram: A Comprehensive Analysis of Political Mobilization during the 2022 Brazilian Presidential Election. In Proceedings of the International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media, Vol. 18. 1545–1556.
Publicado
14/10/2024
Como Citar
VENÂNCIO, Otávio R.; GONÇALVES, Gabriel H. S.; FERREIRA, Carlos H. G.; SILVA, Ana Paula C. da.
Evidências de disseminação de conteúdo no Telegram durante o ataque aos órgãos públicos brasileiros em 2023. In: BRAZILIAN SYMPOSIUM ON MULTIMEDIA AND THE WEB (WEBMEDIA), 30. , 2024, Juiz de Fora/MG.
Anais [...].
Porto Alegre: Sociedade Brasileira de Computação,
2024
.
p. 385-389.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5753/webmedia.2024.241972.
