Uma Abordagem para o uso de Chats Inteligentes e Design Instrucional como Apoio à Aprendizagem de Programação
Resumo
O ensino de programação é um desafio recorrente devido ao baixo desempenho, a baixa motivação e aos altos índices de evasão dos alunos. Este estudo investiga como os sistemas de chats inteligentes podem auxiliar no ensino de programação, a aceitação desta tecnologia e como exerce influência no desempenho dos estudantes. Propomos uma abordagem que inclui a integração de chats inteligentes com Ambientes Virtuais de Aprendizagem e a adoção do modelo de design instrucional. A abordagem foi concretizada em um sistema e avaliada com estudantes de programação no ensino técnico, que destacaram uma boa aceitação da tecnologia, bem como benefícios e desafios associados.
Palavras-chave:
Aprendizado de Programação, Chats Inteligentes, Informática na Educação, Inteligência Artificial na Educação
Referências
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Ashfaque, M. W., Tharewal, S., Iqhbal, S., and Kayte, C. N. (2020). A review on techniques, characteristics and approaches of an intelligent tutoring chatbot system. In 2020 International Conference on Smart Innovations in Design, Environment, Management, Planning and Computing (ICSIDEMPC), pages 258–262.
Banic, B., Konecki, M., and Konecki, M. (2023). Pair programming education aided by chatgpt. In 2023 46th MIPRO ICT and Electronics Convention (MIPRO), pages 911–915.
Bispo Jr., E. L., Raabe, A., Matos, E., Maschio, E., Barbosa, E. F., Carvalho, L. G., Bittencourt, R. A., Duran, R. S., and Falcão, T. P. (2020). Tecnologias na educação em computação: Primeiros referenciais. Revista Brasileira de Informática na Educação, 28:509–527.
Carreira, G., Silva, L., Mendes, A. J., and Oliveira, H. G. (2022). Pyo, a chatbot assistant for introductory programming students. In 2022 International Symposium on Computers in Education (SIIE), pages 1–6.
Chico, V. J. S., Tessler, J. F., Bonacin, R., and Dos Reis, J. C. (2024). Bequizzer: Ai-based quiz automatic generation in the portuguese language. In 29th International Conference on Applications of Natural Language to Information Systems (NLDB 2024), page In Press.
Finnie-Ansley, J., Denny, P., Becker, B. A., Luxton-Reilly, A., and Prather, J. (2022). The robots are coming: Exploring the implications of openai codex on introductory programming. In Proceedings of the 24th Australasian Computing Education Conference, ACE ’22, page 10–19, New York, NY, USA. Association for Computing Machinery.
Ganesan, M., C., D., B., H., A.S., K., and B., L. (2020). A survey on chatbots using artificial inteligentes. In 2020 International Conference on System, Computation, Automation and Networking (ICSCAN), pages 1–5.
Henno, J., Jaakkola, H., and Makela, J. (2023). What do we know about learning – conversations with chatgpt. In 2023 46th MIPRO ICT and Electronics Convention (MIPRO), pages 572–577.
Ji, S. and Yuan, T. (2022). Conversational intelligent tutoring systems for online learning: What do students and tutors say? In 2022 IEEE Global Engineering Education Conference (EDUCON), pages 292–298.
Junior, S. S., Freitas, R., Morais, M., and Costa, D. (2023). Chatgpt no auxílio da aprendizagem de programação: Um estudo de caso. In Anais do XXXIV Simpósio Brasileiro de Informática na Educação, pages 1375–1384, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil. SBC.
Kitchenham, B. (2004). Procedures for performing systematic reviews. Keele, UK, Keele University, 33(2004):1–26.
Lakshmi, S. (2020). A study on machine learning based conversational agents and designing techniques. In 2020 Fourth International Conference on I-SMAC (IoT in Social, Mobile, Analytics and Cloud) (I-SMAC), pages 965–968.
Lin, Y.-H. (2022). Chatbot script design for programming language learning. In 2022 IEEE 5th Eurasian Conference on Educational Innovation (ECEI), pages 123–125.
Lin, Y.-H. and Tsai, T. (2019). A conversational assistant on mobile devices for primitive learners of computer programming. In 2019 IEEE International Conference on Engineering, Technology and Education (TALE), pages 1–4.
Luo, C. J. and Gonda, D. E. (2019). Code free bot: An easy way to jumpstart your chatbot! In 2019 IEEE International Conference on Engineering, Technology and Education (TALE), pages 1–3.
Maquine, G. (2020). Recursos para avaliação da aprendizagem: estudo comparativo entre ambientes virtuais de aprendizagem. In Anais do XXVI Workshop de Informática na Escola, pages 299–308, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil. SBC.
Martenstyaro, R. and Rosmansyah, Y. (2015). A framework for designing survey training based on 3d virtual learning environment using sloodle. In 2015 International Conference on Information Technology Systems and Innovation (ICITSI), pages 1–6.
Murad, D. F., Irsan, M., Akhirianto, P. M., Fernando, E., Murad, S. A., and Hendra Wijaya, M. (2019). Learning support system using chatbot in ”kejar c package” homeschooling program. In 2019 International Conference on Information and Communications Technology (ICOIACT), pages 32–37.
OpenAI (2024). Gpt-4 technical report. [link].
Ribeiro, C. R. (2024). Uma abordagem para a aprendizagem de programação baseada em chats inteligentes. Mestrado em ciência da computação, Centro Universitário Campo Limpo Paulista, Campo Limpo Paulista.
Silva, P., Pimentel, V., and Soares, J. (2012). A utilização do computador na educação: aplicando o technology acceptance model (tam). Biblionline, João Pessoa, 8(esp):263–272.
Sophia, J. and Jacob, T. (2021). Edubot-a chatbot for education in covid-19 pandemic and vqabot comparison. In 2021 Second International Conference on Electronics and Sustainable Communication Systems (ICESC), pages 1707–1714.
Trilaksono, K. and Santoso, H. B. (2017). Moodle based learning management system development for kinesthetic learning style. In 2017 7th World Engineering Education Forum (WEEF), pages 602–606.
Wang, J., Tang, Y., Hare, R., and Wang, F. (2024). Parallel intelligent education with chatgpt. Frontiers of Information Technology and Electronic Engineering, 25(1):12–18.
Ashfaque, M. W., Tharewal, S., Iqhbal, S., and Kayte, C. N. (2020). A review on techniques, characteristics and approaches of an intelligent tutoring chatbot system. In 2020 International Conference on Smart Innovations in Design, Environment, Management, Planning and Computing (ICSIDEMPC), pages 258–262.
Banic, B., Konecki, M., and Konecki, M. (2023). Pair programming education aided by chatgpt. In 2023 46th MIPRO ICT and Electronics Convention (MIPRO), pages 911–915.
Bispo Jr., E. L., Raabe, A., Matos, E., Maschio, E., Barbosa, E. F., Carvalho, L. G., Bittencourt, R. A., Duran, R. S., and Falcão, T. P. (2020). Tecnologias na educação em computação: Primeiros referenciais. Revista Brasileira de Informática na Educação, 28:509–527.
Carreira, G., Silva, L., Mendes, A. J., and Oliveira, H. G. (2022). Pyo, a chatbot assistant for introductory programming students. In 2022 International Symposium on Computers in Education (SIIE), pages 1–6.
Chico, V. J. S., Tessler, J. F., Bonacin, R., and Dos Reis, J. C. (2024). Bequizzer: Ai-based quiz automatic generation in the portuguese language. In 29th International Conference on Applications of Natural Language to Information Systems (NLDB 2024), page In Press.
Finnie-Ansley, J., Denny, P., Becker, B. A., Luxton-Reilly, A., and Prather, J. (2022). The robots are coming: Exploring the implications of openai codex on introductory programming. In Proceedings of the 24th Australasian Computing Education Conference, ACE ’22, page 10–19, New York, NY, USA. Association for Computing Machinery.
Ganesan, M., C., D., B., H., A.S., K., and B., L. (2020). A survey on chatbots using artificial inteligentes. In 2020 International Conference on System, Computation, Automation and Networking (ICSCAN), pages 1–5.
Henno, J., Jaakkola, H., and Makela, J. (2023). What do we know about learning – conversations with chatgpt. In 2023 46th MIPRO ICT and Electronics Convention (MIPRO), pages 572–577.
Ji, S. and Yuan, T. (2022). Conversational intelligent tutoring systems for online learning: What do students and tutors say? In 2022 IEEE Global Engineering Education Conference (EDUCON), pages 292–298.
Junior, S. S., Freitas, R., Morais, M., and Costa, D. (2023). Chatgpt no auxílio da aprendizagem de programação: Um estudo de caso. In Anais do XXXIV Simpósio Brasileiro de Informática na Educação, pages 1375–1384, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil. SBC.
Kitchenham, B. (2004). Procedures for performing systematic reviews. Keele, UK, Keele University, 33(2004):1–26.
Lakshmi, S. (2020). A study on machine learning based conversational agents and designing techniques. In 2020 Fourth International Conference on I-SMAC (IoT in Social, Mobile, Analytics and Cloud) (I-SMAC), pages 965–968.
Lin, Y.-H. (2022). Chatbot script design for programming language learning. In 2022 IEEE 5th Eurasian Conference on Educational Innovation (ECEI), pages 123–125.
Lin, Y.-H. and Tsai, T. (2019). A conversational assistant on mobile devices for primitive learners of computer programming. In 2019 IEEE International Conference on Engineering, Technology and Education (TALE), pages 1–4.
Luo, C. J. and Gonda, D. E. (2019). Code free bot: An easy way to jumpstart your chatbot! In 2019 IEEE International Conference on Engineering, Technology and Education (TALE), pages 1–3.
Maquine, G. (2020). Recursos para avaliação da aprendizagem: estudo comparativo entre ambientes virtuais de aprendizagem. In Anais do XXVI Workshop de Informática na Escola, pages 299–308, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil. SBC.
Martenstyaro, R. and Rosmansyah, Y. (2015). A framework for designing survey training based on 3d virtual learning environment using sloodle. In 2015 International Conference on Information Technology Systems and Innovation (ICITSI), pages 1–6.
Murad, D. F., Irsan, M., Akhirianto, P. M., Fernando, E., Murad, S. A., and Hendra Wijaya, M. (2019). Learning support system using chatbot in ”kejar c package” homeschooling program. In 2019 International Conference on Information and Communications Technology (ICOIACT), pages 32–37.
OpenAI (2024). Gpt-4 technical report. [link].
Ribeiro, C. R. (2024). Uma abordagem para a aprendizagem de programação baseada em chats inteligentes. Mestrado em ciência da computação, Centro Universitário Campo Limpo Paulista, Campo Limpo Paulista.
Silva, P., Pimentel, V., and Soares, J. (2012). A utilização do computador na educação: aplicando o technology acceptance model (tam). Biblionline, João Pessoa, 8(esp):263–272.
Sophia, J. and Jacob, T. (2021). Edubot-a chatbot for education in covid-19 pandemic and vqabot comparison. In 2021 Second International Conference on Electronics and Sustainable Communication Systems (ICESC), pages 1707–1714.
Trilaksono, K. and Santoso, H. B. (2017). Moodle based learning management system development for kinesthetic learning style. In 2017 7th World Engineering Education Forum (WEEF), pages 602–606.
Wang, J., Tang, Y., Hare, R., and Wang, F. (2024). Parallel intelligent education with chatgpt. Frontiers of Information Technology and Electronic Engineering, 25(1):12–18.
Publicado
04/11/2024
Como Citar
RIBEIRO, Cláudio Roberto; BONACIN, Rodrigo; REIS, Julio Cesar dos.
Uma Abordagem para o uso de Chats Inteligentes e Design Instrucional como Apoio à Aprendizagem de Programação. In: SIMPÓSIO BRASILEIRO DE INFORMÁTICA NA EDUCAÇÃO (SBIE), 35. , 2024, Rio de Janeiro/RJ.
Anais [...].
Porto Alegre: Sociedade Brasileira de Computação,
2024
.
p. 2178-2191.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5753/sbie.2024.242299.
