Evaluation of Ethereum Blockchain Applicability in an IoT Network using Enhanced Blockbench

  • Maykon Valério da Silva Unioeste
  • Aldri Luiz dos Santos UFMG
  • Luiz Antonio Rodrigues Unioeste

Abstract


With the spread of the Internet of Things, many devices are being connected, collecting and transmitting data. Blockchain is a secure solution for distributed ledgers, but its high computational and energy costs are limiting for devices with limited resources. In this study, we modified Blockbench to evaluate the performance of Ethereum private networks involving a Raspberry Pi. Scenarios with and without the device and the consensus protocols Ethash and Clique were compared. The results show that the Raspberry Pi cannot be a miner in the Ethash network, but only a lightweight node, and emphasize the superiority of the Clique consensus regarding latency, throughput, and consumption of computing resources.

References

Chen, P., Han, D., Weng, T.-H., Li, K.-C., and Castiglione, A. (2021a). A novel byzantine fault tolerance consensus for green iot with intelligence based on reinforcement. Journal of Information Security and Applications, 59:102821.

Chen, X., Nakada, R., Nguyen, K., and Sekiya, H. (2021b). A comparison of distributed ledger technologies in iot: Iota versus ethereum. In 20th Int’l Symp. Commun. Information Tech. (ISCIT), pages 182–187.

Dinh, T. T. A., Wang, J., Chen, G., Liu, R., Ooi, B. C., and Tan, K.-L. (2017). Blockbench: A framework for analyzing private blockchains. In Proc. ACM Int’l Conf. Management of Data, SIGMOD ’17, page 1085–1100, New York, NY, USA. ACM.

Fu, X., Wang, H., Shi, P., and Zhang, X. (2022). Teegraph: A blockchain consensus algorithm based on tee and dag for data sharing in iot. J. Syst. Archit., 122:102344.

Geth (2023). go-ethereum: Official go implementation of the ethereum protocol. Disponível em: [link]. Acesso em: 04/Nov/2023.

Ghiro, L. et al. (2021). A blockchain definition to clarify its role for the internet of things. In 2021 19th MedComNet, pages 1–8.

Perez, M. R. L., Lagman, A. C., Legaspi, J. B. C., De Angel, R. D. M., and Awat, K. A. S. (2019). Suitability of iot to blockchain network based on consensus algorithm. In 2019 IEEE 11th HNICEM, pages 1–5.

Raghav, Andola, N., Venkatesan, S., and Verma, S. (2020). Poewal: A lightweight consensus mechanism for blockchain in iot. Pervasive and Mobile Computing, 69:101291.

Sanju, S., Sankaran, S., and Achuthan, K. (2018). Energy comparison of blockchain platforms for internet of things. In IEEE iSES, pages 235–238.

Sankaran, S., Pramod, N., and Achuthan, K. (2019). Energy and performance comparison of cryptocurrency mining for embedded devices. In 9th Int’l Symp. Embedded Comp. and Syst. Design (ISED), pages 1–5.

Sankaran, S., Sanju, S., and Achuthan, K. (2018). Towards realistic energy profiling of blockchains for securing internet of things. In IEEE 38th ICDCS, pages 1454–1459.

Silva, M. V. (2023). Avaliação de Desempenho e Custo Computacional na Utilização da Blockchain Ethereum em Dispositivos de Internet das Coisas. Mestrado em ciência da computação, Unioeste, Cascavel, PR. [link].

Sun, H., Hua, S., Zhou, E., Pi, B., Sun, J., and Yamashita, K. (2018). Using Ethereum Blockchain in Internet of Things: A Solution for Electric Vehicle Battery Refueling, pages 3–17. Springer, Cham.

Vashi, S., Ram, J., Modi, J., Verma, S., and Prakash, C. (2017). Internet of things (iot): A vision, architectural elements, and security issues. pages 492–496.

Wang, L., Sun, X., Jiang, R., Jiang, W., Zhong, Z., and Kwan Ng, D. W. (2021). Optimal energy efficiency for multi-mec and blockchain empowered iot: a deep learning approach. In IEEE Int. Conf. Commun. (ICC), pages 1–6.

Wu, H., Wolter, K., Jiao, P., Deng, Y., Zhao, Y., and Xu, M. (2021). Eedto: An energy-efficient dynamic task offloading algorithm for blockchain-enabled iot-edge-cloud orchestrated computing. IEEE Internet of Things Journal, 8(4):2163–2176.

Yang, L., Li, M., Zhang, Y., Si, P., Wang, Z., and Yang, R. (2020). Resource management for energy-efficient and blockchain-enabled industrial iot: A drl approach. In 2020 IEEE 6th Int. Conf. Comput. and Commun. (ICCC), pages 910–915.

Yi, H. and Wei, F. (2019). Research on a suitable blockchain for iot platform. In Patnaik, S. and Jain, V., editors, Recent Developments in Intelligent Computing, Communication and Devices, pages 1063–1072, Singapore. Springer Singapore.

Zheng, Z., Xie, S., Dai, H.-N., Chen, X., and Wang, H. (2018). Blockchain challenges and opportunities: a survey. Int. J. of Web and Grid Services, 14(4):352–375.
Published
2024-05-20
SILVA, Maykon Valério da; SANTOS, Aldri Luiz dos; RODRIGUES, Luiz Antonio. Evaluation of Ethereum Blockchain Applicability in an IoT Network using Enhanced Blockbench. In: BRAZILIAN SYMPOSIUM ON COMPUTER NETWORKS AND DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS (SBRC), 42. , 2024, Niterói/RJ. Anais [...]. Porto Alegre: Sociedade Brasileira de Computação, 2024 . p. 1-14. ISSN 2177-9384. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5753/sbrc.2024.1212.

Most read articles by the same author(s)