FC-DT: Proactive Resource Optimization in Fog-Cloud Environments with Digital Twin Support

• Lucas Silva Lopes UFPI
• José Miqueias UFPI
• Iure Fé UFPI
• Jonas Nunes UFPI
• Luiz Fernando Bittencourt UNICAMP
• José Valdemir Junior UFPI
• Francisco Airton Silva UFPI

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5753/sbrc.2026.19313

Abstract

Fog and cloud computing environments are essential for latencysensitive applications, however, dynamic workload variations hinder the fulfillment of Service Level Agreements (SLAs). Static or reactive allocation strategies may lead to SLA violations or overprovisioning, thereby increasing operational costs. This paper proposes FC-DT, a Digital Twin (DT) grounded in Stochastic Petri Nets (SPNs) for predictive and dynamic resource management in fogcloud systems. SPNs provide a formal foundation to simulate the stochastic dynamics of the system. Leveraging this capability, FC-DT integrates a proactive decision-making mechanism that performs runtime simulations of alternative scenarios. Based on the simulation outcomes, FC-DT dynamically adjusts resource allocation in a coordinated manner across fog and cloud layers, anticipating potential SLA violations while maintaining the minimum configuration required for compliance. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed approach ensures SLA fulfillment even under workload peaks, reducing average resource usage by 29.65% compared to the minimum static configuration required to meet the SLA.

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