Sobre a Influência dos Nós Egoístas no Descarregamento de Tráfego com Redes Oportunistas

  • Claiton Luiz Soares UFF / IFTM
  • Igor Monteiro Moraes UFF

Abstract


The cellular infrastructure is overloaded because of the increasing number of mobile devices and applications. A solution to tackle this problem is to offload the network traffic by using an alternative network as a secondary communication channel. Several studies in the literature propose to employ opportunistic networks as this secondary channel. To be effective, however, opportunistic communication relies that nodes cooperate each other in order to forward messages and to confirm to the infrastructure the successful reception of messages sent by other nodes. In this paper, we evaluate the impact of selfish nodes on the performance of the traffic offloading with opportunistic networks. Selfish are those nodes that do not forward messages to other nodes or do not send acknowledgments to the infrastructure or combine both behaviors. Results show the offloading efficiency decreases from 70% to up to 18% if selfish nodes are in the network.

References

Benbadis, F. (2009). CRAWDAD data set upmc/rollernet (v. 2009-02-02). Downloaded from http://crawdad.org/upmc/rollernet/.

Chaintreau, A., Hui, P., Crowcroft, J., Diot, C., Gass, R., and Scott, J. (2006). Impact of human mobility on the design of opportunistic forwarding algorithms. In INFOCOM 2006. 25th IEEE International Conference on Computer Communications. Proceedings, pages 1–13.

Han, B., Hui, P., Kumar, V. A., Marathe, M. V., Pei, G., and Srinivasan, A. (2010). Cellular traffic offloading through opportunistic communications: A case study. In Proceedings of the 5th ACM Workshop on Challenged Networks, CHANTS ’10, pages 31–38, New York, NY, USA. ACM.

Ip, Y.-K., Lau, W.-C., and Yue, O.-C. (2008). Performance modeling of epidemic routing with heterogeneous node types. In Communications, 2008. ICC ’08. IEEE International Conference on, pages 219–224.

Keränen, A., Ott, J., and Kärkkäinen, T. (2009). The ONE Simulator for DTN Protocol Evaluation. In SIMUTools ’09: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Simulation Tools and Techniques, New York, NY, USA. ICST.

Li, Y., Qian, M., Jin, D., Hui, P., Wang, Z., and Chen, S. (2014). Multiple mobile data offloading through disruption tolerant networks. Mobile Computing, IEEE Transactions on, 13(7):1579–1596.

Liu, Z., Wu, Y., and Deng, S. (2013). Optimal mobile data offloading policy through delay tolerant networks with selfish nodes. International Journal of e-Education, e-Business, e-Management and e-Learning, 3(5):386–390.

Naves, J. F. and Moraes, I. M. (2014). Uma avaliação do ataque de falsificação de reconhecimentos positivos em redes tolerantes a atrasos e desconexões. Simpósio Brasileiro de Redes de Computadores e Sistemas Distribuídos SBRC2014, pages 105–118.

Oliveira, C. T., Moreira, M. D. D., Rubinstein, M. G., Costa, L. H. M. K., and Duarte, O. C. M. B. (2007). Redes tolerantes a atrasos e desconexões. In Minicursos Simpósio Brasileiro de Redes de Computadores e Sistemas Distribuídos SBRC2007, Belém, PA, Brasil.

Rebecchi, F., Dias de Amorim, M., and Conan, V. (2014). Droid: Adapting to individual mobility pays off in mobile data offloading. In Networking Conference, 2014 IFIP, pages 1–9.

Rebecchi, F., Dias de Amorim, M., Conan, V., Passarella, A., Bruno, R., and Conti, M. (2015). Data offloading techniques in cellular networks: A survey. Communications Surveys Tutorials, IEEE, 17(2):580–603.

Theja, R. and Ramesh, Y. (2012). The impact of message lifetime on delay-tolerant networks with non-cooperative nodes. In Internet (AH-ICI), 2012 Third Asian Himalayas International Conference on, pages 1–4.

Whitbeck, J., Amorim, M., Lopez, Y., Leguay, J., and Conan, V. (2011). Relieving the wireless infrastructure: When opportunistic networks meet guaranteed delays. In World of Wireless, Mobile and Multimedia Networks (WoWMoM), 2011 IEEE International Symposium on a, pages 1–10.

Whitbeck, J., Amorim, M., Lopez, Y., Leguay, J., and Conan, V. (2012). Push-andtrack: Saving infrastructure bandwidth through opportunistic forwarding. Pervasive and Mobile Computing, 8(5):682–697.

Zhuo, X., Gao, W., Cao, G., and Dai, Y. (2011). Win-coupon: An incentive framework for 3g traffic offloading. In Network Protocols (ICNP), 2011 19th IEEE International Conference on, pages 206–215.
Published
2016-11-07
SOARES, Claiton Luiz; MORAES, Igor Monteiro. Sobre a Influência dos Nós Egoístas no Descarregamento de Tráfego com Redes Oportunistas. In: BRAZILIAN SYMPOSIUM ON INFORMATION AND COMPUTATIONAL SYSTEMS SECURITY (SBSEG), 16. , 2016, Niterói. Anais [...]. Porto Alegre: Sociedade Brasileira de Computação, 2016 . p. 352-365. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5753/sbseg.2016.19319.