Custo da Agilidade Criptográfica: Desempenho de Algoritmos Clássicos e Pós-quânticos no OpenSSL
Resumo
A ameaça quântica à criptografia assimétrica impulsiona a adoção de PQC. Este trabalho compara ECDSA e ECDH com ML-KEM, ML-DSA e SLH-DSA em operações de assinatura e estabelecimento de chaves. O ML-KEM apresentou throughput 2,37×, 40,19× e 72,7× superior às operações clássicas de estabelecimento de chaves correspondentes nos níveis de 128, 192 e 256 bits, respectivamente. Na assinatura, o ML-DSA-44 foi 27,9× mais lento que o ECDSA P-256, enquanto o ML-DSA superou o ECDSA em verificação nos níveis de 192 e 256 bits. O SLH-DSA apresentou o menor throughput de assinatura, entre 1,3 e 2,7 assinaturas/s. Esses resultados apoiam a avaliação da migração para PQC em infraestruturas de rede.
Referências
Alagic, G., Barker, E., Chen, L., Moody, D., Robinson, A., Silberg, H., and Waller, N. (2025). Recommendations for key-encapsulation mechanisms. Technical Report NIST SP 800-227, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST).
Kannwischer, M. J., Rijneveld, J., Schwabe, P., and Stoffelen, K. (2019). pqm4: Testing and Benchmarking NIST PQC on ARM Cortex-M4. In Progress in Cryptology – AFRICACRYPT 2019, pages 176–195. Springer.
NIST (2024a). FIPS 203: Module-Lattice-Based Key-Encapsulation Mechanism Standard. Technical report, National Institute of Standards and Technology.
NIST (2024b). FIPS 204: Module-Lattice-Based Digital Signature Standard. Technical report, National Institute of Standards and Technology.
NIST (2024c). FIPS 205: Stateless Hash-Based Digital Signature Standard. Technical report, National Institute of Standards and Technology.
NIST (2024). Post-quantum cryptography standardization. Technical report, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD.
Open Quantum Safe Project (2025). Open Quantum Safe. [link]. Acesso em: 09 maio 2026.
Shor, P. W. (1994). Algorithms for quantum computation: Discrete logarithms and factoring. Proceedings 35th Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science, pages 124–134.
Kannwischer, M. J., Rijneveld, J., Schwabe, P., and Stoffelen, K. (2019). pqm4: Testing and Benchmarking NIST PQC on ARM Cortex-M4. In Progress in Cryptology – AFRICACRYPT 2019, pages 176–195. Springer.
NIST (2024a). FIPS 203: Module-Lattice-Based Key-Encapsulation Mechanism Standard. Technical report, National Institute of Standards and Technology.
NIST (2024b). FIPS 204: Module-Lattice-Based Digital Signature Standard. Technical report, National Institute of Standards and Technology.
NIST (2024c). FIPS 205: Stateless Hash-Based Digital Signature Standard. Technical report, National Institute of Standards and Technology.
NIST (2024). Post-quantum cryptography standardization. Technical report, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD.
Open Quantum Safe Project (2025). Open Quantum Safe. [link]. Acesso em: 09 maio 2026.
Shor, P. W. (1994). Algorithms for quantum computation: Discrete logarithms and factoring. Proceedings 35th Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science, pages 124–134.
Publicado
01/09/2026
Como Citar
SABINO, Mariana B. M.; SOUSA, Sabrina O.; SOUSA, Cauan M.; CAVALCANTI, Rafael W.; SANTOS, Matheus V. P.; GURJÃO, Edmar C.; LIMA, Leocarlos B. S..
Custo da Agilidade Criptográfica: Desempenho de Algoritmos Clássicos e Pós-quânticos no OpenSSL. In: WORKSHOP DE TRABALHOS DE INICIAÇÃO CIENTÍFICA E DE GRADUAÇÃO - SIMPÓSIO BRASILEIRO DE CIBERSEGURANÇA (SBSEG), 26. , 2026, Armação dos Búzios/RJ.
Anais [...].
Porto Alegre: Sociedade Brasileira de Computação,
2026
.
p. 469-479.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5753/sbseg_estendido.2026.28948.
