Discourse Dynamics on X and Bluesky Amid Brazil’s 2024 Environmental and Political-Digital Crises
Resumo
This study presents a comparative analysis of discourses on the 2024 environmental crisis in Brazil across the platforms X and Bluesky, amid a parallel political-digital crisis triggered by X’s temporary suspension in the country. Over 170,000 posts collected between July and November 2024 were analyzed. Language models were employed for semantic filtering, topic modeling, and sentiment and toxicity analysis. Results indicate that Bluesky’s discourse was more technical and institutional, dominated by governmental and progressive actors, whereas X fostered popular and highly polarized narratives, with ideological disputes over climate responsibility.
Palavras-chave:
X, Twitter, Bluesky, Brazil, Climate, Data Science
Referências
Agência Nacional de Águas e Saneamento Básico (ANA). 2024. Declarações de Escassez Hídrica. [link]. [Accessed 20-06-2025].
Matheus Almeida. 2024. Brasil vira país com mais usuários no Bluesky após bloqueio do X. [link]
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Dylan Butts. 2024. Social media platform Bluesky attracts millions in Brazil after judge bans Musk’s X. CNBC (4 sep 2024). [link] Accessed 20-06-2025.
Arthur Buzelin, Pedro Bento, Yan Aquino, Arthur Chagas, Pedro Dutenhefner, Samira Malaquias, Victoria Estanislau, Caio Santana, Lucas Dayrell, Lucas Mesquita, Marcelo Locatelli, Gisele Pappa,Wagner Meira Jr., and Virgilio Almeida. 2025. Emerging Digital Spaces: The Case of Bluesky’s Rise During 2024 Brazilian Elections. In Proceedings of XIV Brazilian Workshop on Social Network Analysis and Mining. SBC, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil, 269–282. DOI: 10.5753/brasnam.2025.9402
Bruno Caniato, Laísa Dall’Agnol, Isabella Alonso Panho, Heitor Mazzoco, and Pedro Jordão. 2024. Após estreia de Lula, esquerda explora Bluesky como trincheira contra Musk. Veja (15 abr 2024). [link] [Accessed 20-06-2025.
Michelle Faverio and Monica Anderson. 2025. After Musk’s takeover, big shifts in how Republican and Democratic Twitter users view the platform. [link]
Thiago Félix. 2025. Brasil registra crescimento de quase 80% nas áreas queimadas. CNN Brasil (22 jan 2025). [link]
Maarten Grootendorst. 2022. BERTopic: Neural topic modeling with a class-based TF-IDF procedure. arXiv:2203.05794 (2022). DOI: 10.48550/arXiv.2203.05794
Yiffany Hsu. 2023. From Twitter to X: Elon Musk Begins Erasing an Iconic Internet Brand. [link]. [Accessed 27-07-2025].
IPCC. 2023. Climate Change 2023: Synthesis Report. Contribution of Working Groups I, II and III to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Technical Report. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Geneva, Switzerland. DOI: 10.59327/IPCC/AR6-9789291691647
Albert Q. Jiang, Alexandre Sablayrolles, Arthur Mensch, Chris Bamford, Devendra Singh Chaplot, Diego de las Casas, Florian Bressand, Gianna Lengyel, Guillaume Lample, Lucile Saulnier, Lélio Renard Lavaud, Marie-Anne Lachaux, Pierre Stock, Teven Le Scao, Thibaut Lavril, Thomas Wang, Timothée Lacroix, and William El Sayed. 2023. Mistral 7B. arXiv:2310.06825 [cs.CL] [link]
Alyssa Lees, Vinh Q. Tran, Yi Tay, Jeffrey Sorensen, Jai Gupta, Donald Metzler, and Lucy Vasserman. 2022. A New Generation of Perspective API: Efficient Multilingual Character-level Transformers. In Proceedings of the 28th ACM SIGKDD Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining (Washington DC, USA) (KDD ’22). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 3197–3207. DOI: 10.1145/3534678.3539147
S. Lloyd. 1982. Least squares quantization in PCM. IEEE Transactions on Information Theory 28, 2 (1982), 129–137. DOI: 10.1109/TIT.1982.1056489
Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação do Brasil. 2024. Secas estão se tornando mais frequentes e intensas no Brasil, aponta Cemaden. Portal Gov.br (4 set 2024). [link] [Accessed 20-06-2025].
MEJ Newman. 2005. Power laws, Pareto distributions and Zipf’s law. Contemporary Physics 46, 5 (2005), 323–351. DOI: 10.1080/00107510500052444 arXiv: [link]
Dorian Quelle and Alexandre Bovet. 2025. Bluesky: Network topology, polarization, and algorithmic curation. PLOS ONE 20, 2 (Feb. 2025), e0318034. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0318034
Fabíola Sinimbú. 2024. Brasil tem 2,238 milhões de hectares atingidos pelo fogo em nove meses. Agência Brasil. [link]
Anne Vigna. 2022. In Brazil, artists’ fees become a selling point in the presidential campaign. [link]. [Accessed 27-07-2025].
Wikipedia. 2024. Bloqueio do X no Brasil. [link] [Accessed 20-06-2025].
Wikipédia. 2025. Enchentes no Rio Grande do Sul em 2024. [link]. [Accessed 20-06-2025].
WMO. 2024. State of the Global Climate 2023. Technical Report WMO-No. 1342. World Meteorological Organization, Geneva, Switzerland. [link]
Matheus Almeida. 2024. Brasil vira país com mais usuários no Bluesky após bloqueio do X. [link]
Rafael J. A. Almeida. 2018. LeIA - Léxico para Inferência Adaptada. [link].
Bond Benton, Jin-A Choi, Yi Luo, and Keith Green. 2022. Hate Speech Spikes on Twitter After Elon Musk Acquires the Platform. School of Communication and Media Scholarship and Creative Works 33 (2022). [link]
Steven Bird and Edward Loper. 2004. NLTK: The Natural Language Toolkit. In Proceedings of the ACL Interactive Poster and Demonstration Sessions. Association for Computational Linguistics, Barcelona, Spain, 214–217. [link]
Bluesky. 2024. Bluesky Social. [link] [Accessed: 20-06-2025].
Brasil. 1991. Lei nº 8.313, de 23 de dezembro de 1991 — Institui o Programa Nacional de Apoio à Cultura (Pronac). [link] [Accessed 27-07-2025].
Dylan Butts. 2024. Social media platform Bluesky attracts millions in Brazil after judge bans Musk’s X. CNBC (4 sep 2024). [link] Accessed 20-06-2025.
Arthur Buzelin, Pedro Bento, Yan Aquino, Arthur Chagas, Pedro Dutenhefner, Samira Malaquias, Victoria Estanislau, Caio Santana, Lucas Dayrell, Lucas Mesquita, Marcelo Locatelli, Gisele Pappa,Wagner Meira Jr., and Virgilio Almeida. 2025. Emerging Digital Spaces: The Case of Bluesky’s Rise During 2024 Brazilian Elections. In Proceedings of XIV Brazilian Workshop on Social Network Analysis and Mining. SBC, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil, 269–282. DOI: 10.5753/brasnam.2025.9402
Bruno Caniato, Laísa Dall’Agnol, Isabella Alonso Panho, Heitor Mazzoco, and Pedro Jordão. 2024. Após estreia de Lula, esquerda explora Bluesky como trincheira contra Musk. Veja (15 abr 2024). [link] [Accessed 20-06-2025.
Michelle Faverio and Monica Anderson. 2025. After Musk’s takeover, big shifts in how Republican and Democratic Twitter users view the platform. [link]
Thiago Félix. 2025. Brasil registra crescimento de quase 80% nas áreas queimadas. CNN Brasil (22 jan 2025). [link]
Maarten Grootendorst. 2022. BERTopic: Neural topic modeling with a class-based TF-IDF procedure. arXiv:2203.05794 (2022). DOI: 10.48550/arXiv.2203.05794
Yiffany Hsu. 2023. From Twitter to X: Elon Musk Begins Erasing an Iconic Internet Brand. [link]. [Accessed 27-07-2025].
IPCC. 2023. Climate Change 2023: Synthesis Report. Contribution of Working Groups I, II and III to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Technical Report. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Geneva, Switzerland. DOI: 10.59327/IPCC/AR6-9789291691647
Albert Q. Jiang, Alexandre Sablayrolles, Arthur Mensch, Chris Bamford, Devendra Singh Chaplot, Diego de las Casas, Florian Bressand, Gianna Lengyel, Guillaume Lample, Lucile Saulnier, Lélio Renard Lavaud, Marie-Anne Lachaux, Pierre Stock, Teven Le Scao, Thibaut Lavril, Thomas Wang, Timothée Lacroix, and William El Sayed. 2023. Mistral 7B. arXiv:2310.06825 [cs.CL] [link]
Alyssa Lees, Vinh Q. Tran, Yi Tay, Jeffrey Sorensen, Jai Gupta, Donald Metzler, and Lucy Vasserman. 2022. A New Generation of Perspective API: Efficient Multilingual Character-level Transformers. In Proceedings of the 28th ACM SIGKDD Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining (Washington DC, USA) (KDD ’22). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 3197–3207. DOI: 10.1145/3534678.3539147
S. Lloyd. 1982. Least squares quantization in PCM. IEEE Transactions on Information Theory 28, 2 (1982), 129–137. DOI: 10.1109/TIT.1982.1056489
Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação do Brasil. 2024. Secas estão se tornando mais frequentes e intensas no Brasil, aponta Cemaden. Portal Gov.br (4 set 2024). [link] [Accessed 20-06-2025].
MEJ Newman. 2005. Power laws, Pareto distributions and Zipf’s law. Contemporary Physics 46, 5 (2005), 323–351. DOI: 10.1080/00107510500052444 arXiv: [link]
Dorian Quelle and Alexandre Bovet. 2025. Bluesky: Network topology, polarization, and algorithmic curation. PLOS ONE 20, 2 (Feb. 2025), e0318034. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0318034
Fabíola Sinimbú. 2024. Brasil tem 2,238 milhões de hectares atingidos pelo fogo em nove meses. Agência Brasil. [link]
Anne Vigna. 2022. In Brazil, artists’ fees become a selling point in the presidential campaign. [link]. [Accessed 27-07-2025].
Wikipedia. 2024. Bloqueio do X no Brasil. [link] [Accessed 20-06-2025].
Wikipédia. 2025. Enchentes no Rio Grande do Sul em 2024. [link]. [Accessed 20-06-2025].
WMO. 2024. State of the Global Climate 2023. Technical Report WMO-No. 1342. World Meteorological Organization, Geneva, Switzerland. [link]
Publicado
10/11/2025
Como Citar
LICURGO, Lucas; SOUZA, Ghabriel; MORAIS, Pedro de; MALINI, Fabio; COMARELA, Giovanni; CAVALINI, Athus.
Discourse Dynamics on X and Bluesky Amid Brazil’s 2024 Environmental and Political-Digital Crises. In: BRAZILIAN SYMPOSIUM ON MULTIMEDIA AND THE WEB (WEBMEDIA), 31. , 2025, Rio de Janeiro/RJ.
Anais [...].
Porto Alegre: Sociedade Brasileira de Computação,
2025
.
p. 540-544.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5753/webmedia.2025.15325.
